Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite exert distinct effects on mitochondrial respiration which are differentially blocked by glutathione or glucose

Biochem J. 1996 Mar 15;314 ( Pt 3)(Pt 3):877-80. doi: 10.1042/bj3140877.

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite both inhibit respiration by brain submitochondrial particles, the former reversibly at cytochrome c oxidase, the latter irreversibly at complexes I-III. Both GSH (IC50 =10 microM) and glucose (IC50 = 8 mM) prevented inhibition of respiration by peroxynitrite (ONOO-), but neither glucose (100 mM) nor GSH (100 microM) affected that by NO. Thus, unless ONOO- is formed within mitochondria it is unlikely to inhibit respiration in cells directly, because of reactions with cellular thiols and carbohydrates. However, the reversible inhibition of respiration cytochrome c oxidase by NO is likely to occur (e.g. in the brain during ischaemia) and could be responsible for cytotoxicity.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Dithiothreitol / pharmacology
  • Electron Transport Complex IV / metabolism
  • Glucose / pharmacology*
  • Glutathione / pharmacology*
  • Kinetics
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Molsidomine / analogs & derivatives
  • Molsidomine / pharmacology
  • Nitrates / pharmacology*
  • Nitric Oxide / pharmacology*
  • Oxygen Consumption / drug effects*
  • Rats
  • Submitochondrial Particles / drug effects
  • Submitochondrial Particles / metabolism*
  • Superoxide Dismutase / pharmacology

Substances

  • Nitrates
  • peroxynitric acid
  • Nitric Oxide
  • linsidomine
  • Molsidomine
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Electron Transport Complex IV
  • Glutathione
  • Glucose
  • Dithiothreitol