Elasticity and unfolding of single molecules of the giant muscle protein titin

Nature. 1997 May 15;387(6630):308-12. doi: 10.1038/387308a0.

Abstract

The giant muscle protein titin, also called connectin, is responsible for the elasticity of relaxed striated muscle, as well as acting as the molecular scaffold for thick-filament formation. The titin molecule consists largely of tandem domains of the immunoglobulin and fibronectin-III types, together with specialized binding regions and a putative elastic region, the PEVK domain. We have done mechanical experiments on single molecules of titin to determine their visco-elastic properties, using an optical-tweezers technique. On a fast (0.1s) timescale titin is elastic and force-extension data can be fitted with standard random-coil polymer models, showing that there are two main sources of elasticity: one deriving from the entropy of straightening the molecule; the other consistent with extension of the polypeptide chain in the PEVK region. On a slower timescale and above a certain force threshold, the molecule displays stress-relaxation, which occurs in rapid steps of a few piconewtons, corresponding to yielding of internal structures by about 20 nm. This stress-relaxation probably derives from unfolding of immunoglobulin and fibronectin domains.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Connectin
  • Elasticity
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Microspheres
  • Muscle Proteins / chemistry
  • Muscle Proteins / physiology*
  • Protein Folding*
  • Protein Kinases / chemistry
  • Protein Kinases / physiology*

Substances

  • Connectin
  • Muscle Proteins
  • Protein Kinases