A total of 131 isolates of Fusarium poae and F. sporotrichioides from overwintered cereals, which were associated with the alimentary toxic aleukia toxicoses in the Soviet Union, were tested for their ability to produce T-2 toxin [4 beta, 15 diacetoxy-8alpha-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-en 3alpha-ol]. The presence of T-2 toxin was determined by thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, spectroscopic analyses, and the rabbit skin test. A good correlation was demonstrated between T-2 toxin dectetion by thin-layer chromatography and inflammatory skin reactions of rabbits.