Phafin2 (also called EAPF, FLJ13187, ZFYVE18 or PLEKHF2) Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; Phafin2 is differentially expressed in the liver cancer cell and regulates the structure and function of the endosomes through Rab5-dependent processes. Phafin2 modulates the cell's response to extracellular stimulation by modulating the receptor density on the cell surface. Phafin2 contains a PH domain and a FYVE domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377   7 NTEINSQRIAAVESCFGASGQPLALPGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVT 86
Cdd:cd01218    1 NSEANRRRIAAVESCFGGSGQPLVKPGRVLVGEGVLTKVCRKKPKPRQFFLFNDILVYGSIVINKKKYNKQRIIPLEDVK 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 153791377  87 LELLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVVSAASATERQEWISHIEEC 129
Cdd:cd01218   81 IEDLEDTGELKNGWQIISPKKSFVVYAATATEKSEWMDHINKC 123

Phafin2 (also called EAPF, FLJ13187, ZFYVE18 or PLEKHF2) Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; Phafin2 is differentially expressed in the liver cancer cell and regulates the structure and function of the endosomes through Rab5-dependent processes. Phafin2 modulates the cell's response to extracellular stimulation by modulating the receptor density on the cell surface. Phafin2 contains a PH domain and a FYVE domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377   7 NTEINSQRIAAVESCFGASGQPLALPGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVT 86
Cdd:cd01218    1 NSEANRRRIAAVESCFGGSGQPLVKPGRVLVGEGVLTKVCRKKPKPRQFFLFNDILVYGSIVINKKKYNKQRIIPLEDVK 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 153791377  87 LELLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVVSAASATERQEWISHIEEC 129
Cdd:cd01218   81 IEDLEDTGELKNGWQIISPKKSFVVYAATATEKSEWMDHINKC 123

FYVE zinc finger; The FYVE zinc finger is named after four proteins that it has been found in: Fab1, YOTB/ZK632.12, Vac1, and EEA1. The FYVE finger has been shown to bind two Zn++ ions. The FYVE finger has eight potential zinc coordinating cysteine positions. Many members of this family also include two histidines in a motif R+HHC+XCG, where + represents a charged residue and X any residue. We have included members which do not conserve these histidine residues but are clearly related.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 153791377  147 APWIPDKATDICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLP--RLSPKPVRVCSLCYREL 211
Cdd:pfam01363   1 PVWVPDSSATVCMIC-SKPFTFFRRRHHCRNCGRVFCSACSSKKISLLpeLGSNKPVRVCDACYDTL 66

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377    39 EGVLTK---ECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVTLELLPETLQAKNRWMIK---TAKKSFVVS 112
Cdd:smart00233   4 EGWLYKksgGGKKSWKKRYFVLFNSTLLYYKSKKDKKSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREAPDPDSSKKPHCFEiktSDRKTLLLQ 83

                           90
                   ....*....|....*....
gi 153791377   113 AASATERQEWISHIEECVR 131
Cdd:smart00233  84 AESEEEREKWVEALRKAIA 102

phosphatidylinositol kinase; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 153791377  152 DKATDICMRCTQTrFSAL-----TRRHHCRKCGFVVCAEC--SRQRFLLPRLSpKPVR--------VCSLCYRE 210
Cdd:PTZ00303  457 DESSDSCPSCGRA-FISLsrplgTRAHHCRSCGIRLCVFCitKRAHYSFAKLA-KPGSsdeaeerlVCDTCYKE 528

Phafin2 (also called EAPF, FLJ13187, ZFYVE18 or PLEKHF2) Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; Phafin2 is differentially expressed in the liver cancer cell and regulates the structure and function of the endosomes through Rab5-dependent processes. Phafin2 modulates the cell's response to extracellular stimulation by modulating the receptor density on the cell surface. Phafin2 contains a PH domain and a FYVE domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377   7 NTEINSQRIAAVESCFGASGQPLALPGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVT 86
Cdd:cd01218    1 NSEANRRRIAAVESCFGGSGQPLVKPGRVLVGEGVLTKVCRKKPKPRQFFLFNDILVYGSIVINKKKYNKQRIIPLEDVK 80

                         90       100       110       120
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 153791377  87 LELLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVVSAASATERQEWISHIEEC 129
Cdd:cd01218   81 IEDLEDTGELKNGWQIISPKKSFVVYAATATEKSEWMDHINKC 123

FYVE domain found in protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 1 (phafin-1), 2 (phafin-2), and similar proteins; This family includes protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 1 (phafin-1) and 2 (phafin-2). Phafin-1 is a representative of a novel family of PH and FYVE domain-containing proteins called phafins. It is a ubiquitously expressed pro-apoptotic protein via translocating to lysosomes, facilitating apoptosis induction through a lysosomal-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Phafin-2 is a ubiquitously expressed endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein that facilitates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-triggered cellular apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. It is an endosomal phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) effector, as well as an interactor of the endosomal-tethering protein EEA1. It regulates endosome fusion upstream of Rab5. Phafin-2 also functions as a novel regulator of endocytic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation through a role in endosomal fusion.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 153791377 148 PWIPDKATDICMRCTQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLSPKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15717    1 VWVPDSEAPVCMHCKKTKFTAINRRHHCRKCGAVVCGACSSKKFLLPHQSSKPLRVCDTCY 61

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia proteins 5 and 6, N-terminal Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; FGD5 regulates promotes angiogenesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vascular endothelial cells, including network formation, permeability, directional movement, and proliferation. The specific function of FGD6 is unknown. In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by a PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  32 PGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVTLElLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVV 111
Cdd:cd13389   10 PGRKLIKEGELMKVSRKEMQPRYFFLFNDCLLYTTPVQSSGMLKLNNELPLSGMKVK-LPEDEEYSNEFQIISTKRSFTL 88

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 153791377 112 SAASATERQEWISHIEECVR--RQLRAT 137
Cdd:cd13389   89 IASSEEERDEWVKALSRAIEehTKKQRT 116

Protein present in Fab1, YOTB, Vac1, and EEA1; The FYVE zinc finger is named after four proteins where it was first found: Fab1, YOTB/ZK632.12, Vac1, and EEA1. The FYVE finger has been shown to bind two Zn2+ ions. The FYVE finger has eight potential zinc coordinating cysteine positions. The FYVE finger is structurally related to the PHD finger and the RING finger. Many members of this family also include two histidines in a motif R+HHC+XCG, where + represents a charged residue and X any residue. The FYVE finger functions in the membrane recruitment of cytosolic proteins by binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), which is prominent on endosomes. The R+HHC+XCG motif is critical for PI3P binding.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 153791377   146 AAPWIPDKATDICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLSP-KPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:smart00064   1 RPHWIPDEEVSNCMGC-GKEFNLTKRRHHCRNCGRIFCSKCSSKKAPLPKLGIeRPVRVCDDCY 63

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia protein 6, N-terminal Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; FGD5 regulates promotes angiogenesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vascular endothelial cells, including network formation, permeability, directional movement, and proliferation. The specific function of FGD6 is unknown. In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by a PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  32 PGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVlNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVTLElLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVV 111
Cdd:cd15793   10 PGRVFLKEGTLMKLSRKVMQPRMFFLFNDALLYTTPV-QSGMYKLNNMLSLAGMKVS-KPSQEAYQNELNIESVERSFIL 87

                         90
                 ....*....|....*....
gi 153791377 112 SAASATERQEWISHIEECV 130
Cdd:cd15793   88 SASSATERDEWLEAISRAI 106

FYVE domain found in early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1) and similar proteins; EEA1, also termed endosome-associated protein p162, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 2, is an essential component of the endosomal fusion machinery and required for the fusion and maturation of early endosomes in endocytosis. It forms a parallel coiled-coil homodimer in cells. EEA1 serves as the p97 ATPase substrate and the p97 ATPase may regulate the size of early endosomes by governing the oligomeric state of EEA1. It can interact with the GTP-bound form of Rab22a and be involved in endosomal membrane trafficking. EEA1 also functions as an obligate scaffold for angiotensin II-induced Akt activation in early endosomes. It can be phosphorylated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and further regulate mu opioid receptor endocytosis. EEA1 consists of an N-terminal C2H2 Zn2+ finger, four long heptad repeats, and a C-terminal region containing a calmodulin binding (IQ) motif, a Rab5 interaction site, and a FYVE domain. This model corresponds to the FYVE domain that is responsible for binding phosphatidyl inositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) on the membrane.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 153791377 148 PWIPDKATDICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRlSPKPVRVCSLCYREL 211
Cdd:cd15730    2 KWADDEEVQNCMAC-GKGFSVTVRKHHCRQCGNIFCNECSSKTATTPS-SKKPVRVCDACFDDL 63

FYVE domain found in zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 21 (ZF21) and similar proteins; ZF21 is phosphoinositide-binding protein that functions as a regulator of focal adhesions and cell movement through interaction with focal adhesion kinase. It can also bind to the cytoplasmic tail of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase, a potent invasion-promoting protease, and play a key role in regulating multiple aspects of cancer cell migration and invasion. ZF21 contains a FYVE domain, which corresponds to this model.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 153791377 148 PWIPDKATDICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLS-PKPVRVCSLCYR 209
Cdd:cd15727    3 PWVPDKECPVCMSC-KKKFDFFKRRHHCRRCGKCFCSDCCSNKVPLPRMCfVDPVRVCNECAL 64

FERM, RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain-containing protein 1 and related proteins Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, repeat 1; Members here include FARP1 (also called Chondrocyte-derived ezrin-like protein; PH domain-containing family C member 2), FARP2 (also called FIR/FERM domain including RhoGEF; FGD1-related Cdc42-GEF/FRG), and FARP6 (also called Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 24). They are members of the Dbl family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which are upstream positive regulators of Rho GTPases. Little is known about FARP1 and FARP6, though FARP1 has increased expression in differentiated chondrocytes. FARP2 is thought to regulate neurite remodeling by mediating the signaling pathways from membrane proteins to Rac. It is found in brain, lung, and testis, as well as embryonic hippocampal and cortical neurons. FARP1 and FARP2 are composed of a N-terminal FERM domain, a proline-rich (PR) domain, Dbl-homology (DH), and two C-terminal PH domains. FARP6 is composed of Dbl-homology (DH), and two C-terminal PH domains separated by a FYVE domain. This hierarchy contains the first PH repeat. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  29 LALPGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVL---NKRKYRSQhiIPLEEVTLELLPETLQAKNRWMIKTA 105
Cdd:cd01220    1 LVQPGREFIREGCLQKLSKKGLQQRMFFLFSDVLLYTSRSPtpsLQFKVHGQ--LPLRGLMVEESEPEWGVAHCFTIYGG 78

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 153791377 106 KKSFVVSAASATERQEWISHIEECVR 131
Cdd:cd01220   79 NRALTVAASSEEEKERWLEDLQRAID 104

FYVE domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein facio-genital dysplasia FGD1, FGD2, FGD4; This family represents a group of Rho GTPase cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42)-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), including FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein FGD1, FGD2 and FGD4. FGD1, also termed faciogenital dysplasia 1 protein, or Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor FGD1 (Rho/Rac GEF), or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 3, is a central regulator of extracellular matrix remodeling and belongs to the DBL family of GEFs that regulate the activation of the Rho GTPases. FGD1 is encoded by gene FGD1. Disabling mutations in the FGD1 gene cause the human X-linked developmental disorder faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY, also known as Aarskog-Scott syndrome). FGD2, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 4, is expressed in antigen-presenting cells, including B lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It localizes to early endosomes and active membrane ruffles. It plays a role in leukocyte signaling and vesicle trafficking in cells specialized to present antigen in the immune system. FGD4, also termed actin filament-binding protein frabin, or FGD1-related F-actin-binding protein, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 6, functions as an F-actin-binding (FAB) protein showing significant homology to FGD1. It induces the formation of filopodia through the activation of Cdc42 in fibroblasts. Those FGD proteins possess a similar domain organization that contains a DBL homology (DH) domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus. However, each FGD has a unique N-terminal region that may directly or indirectly interact with F-actin. FGD1 and FGD4 have an N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) and an N-terminal F-actin binding (FAB) domain, respectively. This model corresponds to the FYVE domain, which has been found in many proteins involved in membrane trafficking and phosphoinositide metabolism, and has been defined by three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCR patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif, which form a compact phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding site. FGD1 possesses a FYVE-like domain that lack the N-terminal WxxD motif. Moreover, FGD2 is the only known RhoGEF family member shown to have a functional FYVE domain and endosomal binding activity.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 153791377 149 WIPDKATDICMRCTQTrFSALT-RRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLSPKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15741    3 WVRDNEVTMCMRCKEP-FNALTrRRHHCRACGYVVCWKCSDYKATLEYDGNKLNRVCKHCY 62

FYVE domain like superfamily; FYVE domain is a 60-80 residue double zinc finger motif-containing module named after the four proteins, Fab1, YOTB, Vac1, and EEA1. The canonical FYVE domains are distinguished from other zinc fingers by three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCRxCG patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif, which form a compact phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P, also termed PI3P)-binding site. They are found in many membrane trafficking regulators, including EEA1, Hrs, Vac1p, Vps27p, and FENS-1, which locate to early endosomes, specifically bind PtdIns3P, and play important roles in vesicular traffic and in signal transduction. Some proteins, such as rabphilin-3A and alpha-Rab3-interacting molecules (RIMs), are also involved in membrane trafficking and bind to members of the Rab subfamily of GTP hydrolases. However, they contain FYVE-related domains that are structurally similar to the canonical FYVE domains but lack the three signature sequences. At this point, they may not bind to phosphoinositides. In addition, this superfamily also contains the third group of proteins, caspase-associated ring proteins CARP1 and CARP2. They do not localize to membranes in the cell and are involved in the negative regulation of apoptosis, specifically targeting two initiator caspases, caspase 8 and caspase 10, which are distinguished from other FYVE-type proteins. Moreover, these proteins have an altered sequence in the basic ligand binding patch and lack the WxxD motif that is conserved only in phosphoinositide binding FYVE domains. Thus they constitute a family of unique FYVE-type domains called FYVE-like domains. The FYVE domain is structurally similar to the RING domain and the PHD finger. This superfamily also includes ADDz zinc finger domain, which is a PHD-like zinc finger motif that contains two parts, a C2-C2 and a PHD-like zinc finger.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 153791377 158 CMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRL-SPKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd00065    2 CMLC-GKKFSLFRRRHHCRRCGRVFCSKCSSKKLPLPSFgSGKPVRVCDSCY 52

Pleckstrin homology domain; Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. PH domains have been found to possess inserted domains (such as in PLC gamma, syntrophins) and to be inserted within other domains. Mutations in Brutons tyrosine kinase (Btk) within its PH domain cause X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) in patients. Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377    39 EGVLTK---ECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVTLELLPETLQAKNRWMIK---TAKKSFVVS 112
Cdd:smart00233   4 EGWLYKksgGGKKSWKKRYFVLFNSTLLYYKSKKDKKSYKPKGSIDLSGCTVREAPDPDSSKKPHCFEiktSDRKTLLLQ 83

                           90
                   ....*....|....*....
gi 153791377   113 AASATERQEWISHIEECVR 131
Cdd:smart00233  84 AESEEEREKWVEALRKAIA 102

FYVE domain found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 27 (scVps27p) and similar proteins; scVps27p, also termed Golgi retention defective protein 11, is the putative yeast counterpart of the mammalian protein Hrs and is involved in endosome maturation. It is a mono-ubiquitin-binding protein that interacts with ubiquitinated cargoes, such as Hse1p, and is required for protein sorting into the multivesicular body. Vps27p forms a complex with Hse1p. The complex binds ubiquitin and mediates endosomal protein sorting. At the endosome, Vps27p and a trimeric protein complex, ESCRT-1, bind ubiquitin and are important for multivesicular body (MVB) sorting. Vps27p contains an N-terminal VHS (Vps27/Hrs/STAM) domain, a FYVE domain that binds PtdIns3P, followed by two ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs), and a C-terminal clathrin-binding motif.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 153791377 148 PWIPDKATDICmrctQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLSPK--PVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15760    1 HWKPDSRCDVC----RKKFGLFKRRHHCRNCGDSFCSEHSSRRIPLPHLGPLgvPQRVCDRCF 59

FYVE domain found in myotubularin-related protein 4 (MTMR4) and similar proteins; MTMR4, also termed FYVE domain-containing dual specificity protein phosphatase 2 (FYVE-DSP2), or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 11, is an dual specificity protein phosphatase that specifically dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P). It is localizes to early endosomes, as well as to Rab11- and Sec15-positive recycling endosomes, and regulates sorting from early endosomes. Moreover, MTMR4 is preferentially associated with and dephosphorylated the activated regulatory Smad proteins (R-Smads) in cytoplasm to keep transforming growth factor (TGF) beta signaling in homeostasis. It also functions as an essential negative modulator for the homeostasis of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/decapentaplegic (Dpp) signaling. In addition, MTMR4 acts as a novel interactor of the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 (neural-precursor-cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4) and may play a role in the biological process of muscle breakdown. MTMR4 contains an N-terminal PH-GRAM (PH-G) domain, a MTM phosphatase domain, a coiled-coil region, and a C-terminal FYVE domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 153791377 149 WIPDKATDICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLSP-KPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15733    1 WVPDHAASHCFGC-DCEFWLAKRKHHCRNCGNVFCADCSNYKLPIPDEQLyDPVRVCNSCY 60

FYVE domain found in ankyrin repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (ANFY1) and similar proteins; ANFY1, also termed ankyrin repeats hooked to a zinc finger motif (Ankhzn), is a novel cytoplasmic protein that belongs to a new group of double zinc finger proteins involved in vesicle or protein transport. It is ubiquitously expressed in a spatiotemporal-specific manner and is located on endosomes. ANFY1 contains an N-terminal coiled-coil region and a BTB/POZ domain, ankyrin repeats in the middle, and a C-terminal FYVE domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 153791377 156 DICMRCTqTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQrfLLPRLS---PKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15728    8 DYCYECG-VKFGITTRKHHCRHCGRLLCSKCSTK--EVPIIKfdlNKPVRVCDVCF 60

FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing/faciogenital dysplasia protein 5, N-terminal Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; FGD5 regulates promotes angiogenesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vascular endothelial cells, including network formation, permeability, directional movement, and proliferation. In general, FGDs have a RhoGEF (DH) domain, followed by a PH domain, a FYVE domain and a C-terminal PH domain. All FGDs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that activate the Rho GTPase Cdc42, an important regulator of membrane trafficking. The RhoGEF domain is responsible for GEF catalytic activity, while the PH domain is involved in intracellular targeting of the DH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  32 PGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYgSIVLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVTLElLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVV 111
Cdd:cd15792   10 PGREFVKEGTLMKVSGKNRHPRHLFLMNDVLLY-TYPQKDGKYRLKNTLAVSGMKVS-RPVIEKAQNVLKIEVSEVCLTL 87

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 153791377 112 SAASATERQEWIShieeCVRRQLRATGRPPST 143
Cdd:cd15792   88 SASSCSERDEWYS----CLSRTIPDDYKAQNA 115

FYVE domain found in WD40 repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein WDFY1 and WDFY2, and similar proteins; This family includes WD40 repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein WDFY1 and WDFY2. WDFY1, also termed FYVE domain containing protein localized to endosomes-1 (FENS-1), or phosphoinositide-binding protein 1, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 17, is a novel single FYVE domain containing protein that binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) with high specificity over other phosphoinositides. WDFY1 to early endosomes requires an intact FYVE domain and is inhibited by wortmannin, a PI3-kinase inhibitor. WDFY2, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 22, or ProF (propeller-FYVE protein), is a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) binding protein that is localized to a distinct subset of early endosomes close to the plasma membrane. It interacts preferentially with endogenous serine/threonine kinase Akt2, but not Akt1, and plays a specific role in modulating signaling through Akt downstream of the interaction of this kinase with the endosomal proteins APPL (adaptor protein containing PH domain, PTB domain, and leucine zipper motif). In addition to Akt, WDFY2 serves as a binding partner for protein kinase C, zeta (PRKCZ), and its substrate vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2), and is involved in vesicle cycling in various secretory pathways. Moreover, Silencing of WDFY2 by siRNA produces a strong inhibition of endocytosis. Both WDFY1 and WDFY2 contain a FYVE domain and multiple WD-40 repeats.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 153791377 155 TDICMRCTQTRF----------SALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLS-PKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15718    6 SDNCQKCSRPFFwnfkqmwekkTLGVRQHHCRKCGKAVCDKCSSNRSTIPVMGfEFPVRVCNECY 70

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  39 EGVLTKEC---RKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVlNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVTLELLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAK-KSFVVSAA 114
Cdd:cd00821    2 EGYLLKRGgggLKSWKKRWFVLFEGVLLYYKSK-KDSSYKPKGSIPLSGILEVEEVSPKERPHCFELVTPDgRTYYLQAD 80

                         90
                 ....*....|..
gi 153791377 115 SATERQEWISHI 126
Cdd:cd00821   81 SEEERQEWLKAL 92

FYVE domain found in myotubularin-related protein 3 (MTMR3) and similar proteins; MTMR3, also termed Myotubularin-related phosphatase 3, or FYVE domain-containing dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 (FYVE-DSP1), or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 10, is a ubiquitously expressed phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase specific for phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) and PIKfyve, which produces PtdIns(3,5)P2 from PtdIns3P. It regulates cell migration through modulating phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) levels. MTMR3 contains an N-terminal PH-GRAM (PH-G) domain, a MTM phosphatase domain, a coiled-coil region, and a C-terminal FYVE domain. Unlike conventional FYVE domains, the FYVE domain of MTMR3 neither confers endosomal localization nor binds to PtdIns3P. It is also not required for the enzyme activity of MTMR3. In contrast, the PH-G domain binds phosphoinositides.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 153791377 149 WIPDKATDICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLSP-KPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15732    2 WVPDHLAASCYGC-EREFWLASRKHHCRNCGNVFCGSCCNQKLPVPSQQLfEPSRVCKSCF 61

FYVE domain found in FYVE finger-containing Rab5 effector protein rabenosyn-5 (Rbsn-5) and similar proteins; Rbsn-5, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 20, is a novel Rab5 effector that is complexed to the Sec1-like protein VPS45 and recruited in a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-dependent fashion to early endosomes. It also binds to Rab4 and EHD1/RME-1, two regulators of the recycling route, and is involved in cargo recycling to the plasma membrane. Moreover, Rbsn-5 regulates endocytosis at the apical side of the wing epithelium and plays a role of the apical endocytic trafficking of Fmi in the establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP).

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 153791377 148 PWIPDKATDICMRCTQtRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSrqRFLLPRLspkpvRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15716    3 PWVNDSDVPFCPDCGK-KFNLARRRHHCRLCGSIMCNKCS--QFLPLHI-----RCCHHCK 55

Exocyst complex 84-kDa subunit Ral-binding domain/Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain; The Sec6/8 complex, also called the exocyst complex, forms an octameric protein (Sec3, Sec5, Sec6, Sec8, Sec10, Sec15, Exo70 and Exo84) involved in the tethering of secretory vesicles to specific regions on the plasma membrane. The regulation of Sec6/8 complex differs between mammals and yeast. Mamalian Exo84 and Sec5 are effector targets for active Ral GTPases which are not present in yeast. Ral GTPases are members of the Ras superfamily, and as such cycle between an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state. The Exo84 Ral-binding domain adopts a PH domain fold. Mammalian Exo84 and Sec5 competitively bind to active RalA. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  31 LPGRVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKP--RI-FFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKR---KYRSQHIIPLEEVTLELLPETLQAKNRWMIKT 104
Cdd:cd01226    3 VPGRYLLHEGDLLELDPDDYKPiqKVhLFLLNDVLLIASWLPNRRgpvRYKFQALYPLEDLAVVNVKDLGPVKNAFKLLT 82

                         90       100       110
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 153791377 105 AKKSFVVSAASATERQEWISHIEECVRRQLR 135
Cdd:cd01226   83 FPETRVFQCENAKIKKEWLEKFEQAKRAKLA 113

Alsin Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; The ALS2 gene encodes alsin, a GEF, that has dual specificity for Rac1 and Rab5 GTPases. Alsin mutations in the form of truncated proteins are responsible for motor function disorders including juvenile-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial juvenile primary lateral sclerosis, and infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis. The alsin protein is widely expressed in the developing CNS including neurons of the cerebral cortex, brain stem, spinal cord, and cerebellum. Alsin contains a regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1) domain, a Rho guanine nucleotide exchanging factor (RhoGEF) domain, a PH domain, a Membrane Occupation and Recognition Nexus (MORN), a vacuolar protein sorting 9 (Vps9) domain, and a Dbl homology (DH) domain. Alsin interacts with Rab5 through its Vps9 domain and through this interaction modulates early endosome fusion and trafficking. The GEF activity of alsin towards Rab5 is regulated by Rac1 function. The GEF activity of alsin for Rac1 occurs via its DH domain and this interaction plays a role in promoting spinal motor neuron survival via multiple Rac-dependent signaling pathways. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  55 FFLFNDILVYGSIVlnkrkyrSQHIIPLEEVTLELLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVVSAASATERQEWISHIEECVRRQL 134
Cdd:cd13269   32 FILFNDALVHAQFS-------THHIFPLATLWVEPIPDEDSGQNALKITTPEESFTLVASTPQEKAEWLRAINQAIDQAL 104

                 .
gi 153791377 135 R 135
Cdd:cd13269  105 N 105

FYVE domain found in WD40 repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (WDFY1) and similar proteins; WDFY1, also termed FYVE domain containing protein localized to endosomes-1 (FENS-1), or phosphoinositide-binding protein 1, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 17, is a novel single FYVE domain containing protein that binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) with high specificity over other phosphoinositides. WDFY1 to early endosomes requires an intact FYVE domain and is inhibited by wortmannin, a PI3-kinase inhibitor. In addition to FYVE domain, WDFY1 harbors multiple WD-40 repeats.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 153791377 155 TDICMRCTQTRFSALT----------RRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRLSPK-PVRVCSLCYREL 211
Cdd:cd15756    6 SDSCQKCEQPFFWNIKqmwdtktlglRQHHCRKCGQAVCGKCSSKRSSYPIMGFEfQVRVCDSCFETI 73

FYVE domain found in FYVE and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1 (FYCO1) and similar proteins; FYCO1, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 7, is a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding protein that is associated with the exterior of autophagosomes and mediates microtubule plus-end-directed vesicle transport. It acts as an effector of GTP-bound Rab7, a GTPase that recruits FYCO1 to autophagosomes and has been implicated in autophagosome-lysosomal fusion. FYCO1 also interacts with two microtubule motor proteins, kinesin (KIF) 5B and KIF23, and thus functions as a platform for assembly of vesicle fusion and trafficking factors. FYCO1 contains an N-terminal alpha-helical RUN domain followed by a long central coiled-coil region, a FYVE domain and a GOLD (Golgi dynamics) domain in C-terminus.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377 149 WIPDKATDICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSrQRFLLPRLSPKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15726    1 WQDDTDVTHCLDC-KSEFSWMVRRHHCRLCGRIFCYACS-NFYVLTAHGGKKERCCKACF 58

FYVE-related domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 4 (RUFY4) and similar proteins; RUFY4 belongs to the FUFY protein family which is characterized by the presence of an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain. The FYVE domain of RUFY4 resembles the FYVE-related domain as it lacks the WxxD motif (x for any residue). The biological function of RUFY4 still remains unclear.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 153791377 157 ICMRCtQTRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPRL-SPKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15745    1 ACAIC-AKAFSLFRRKYVCRLCGGVVCHSCSSEDLVLSVPdTCIYLRVCKTCY 52

RA and RhoGAP domain-containing protein Pleckstrin homology PH domain; RARhoGAP (also called Rho GTPase-activating protein 20 and ARHGAP20 ) is thought to function in rearrangements of the cytoskeleton and cell signaling events that occur during spermatogenesis. RARhoGAP was also shown to be activated by Rap1 and to induce inactivation of Rho, resulting in the neurite outgrowth. Recent findings show that ARHGAP20, even although it is located in the middle of the MDR on 11q22-23, is expressed at higher levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with 11q22-23 and/or 13q14 deletions and its expression pattern suggests a functional link between cases with 11q22-23 and 13q14 deletions. The mechanism needs to be further studied. RARhoGAP contains a PH domain, a Ras-associating domain, a Rho-GAP domain, and ANXL repeats. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  34 RVLLGEGVLTKECRKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIvLNKRKYRSQHIIPLEEVTLELLPETLQAKNrwmiKTAKKSF---- 109
Cdd:cd13319    1 RTFLLEGPVQLTRGLQTQERHLFLFSDVLVVAKP-KSKNSFKLKHKIRLSELWLASCVDEVCEGS----KSADKSFvlgw 75

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377 110 -----VVSAASATERQEWIS 124
Cdd:cd13319   76 pttnfVATFSSQEEKDLWLS 95

FYVE domain found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 27 (scVps27p) and FYVE-related domain 1 found in yeast protein VAC1 (Vac1p) and similar proteins; The family includes Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 27 (scVps27p) and protein VAC1 (Vac1p). scVps27p, also termed Golgi retention defective protein 11, is the putative yeast counterpart of the mammalian protein Hrs and is involved in endosome maturation. It is a mono-ubiquitin-binding protein that interacts with ubiquitinated cargoes, such as Hse1p, and is required for protein sorting into the multivesicular body. Vps27p forms a complex with Hse1p. The complex binds ubiquitin and mediates endosomal protein sorting. At the endosome, Vps27p and a trimeric protein complex, ESCRT-1, bind ubiquitin and are important for multivesicular body (MVB) sorting. Vps27p contains an N-terminal VHS (Vps27/Hrs/STAM) domain, a FYVE domain that binds PtdIns3P, followed by two ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs), and a C-terminal clathrin-binding motif. Vac1p, also termed vacuolar segregation protein Pep7p, or carboxypeptidase Y-deficient protein 7, or vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 19 (Vps19p), or vacuolar protein-targeting protein 19, is a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding protein that interacts with a Rab GTPase, GTP-bound form of Vps21p, and a Sec1p homologue, Vps45p, to facilitate Vps45p-dependent vesicle-mediated vacuolar protein sorting. It also acts as a novel regulator of vesicle docking and/or fusion at the endosome and functions in vesicle-mediated transport of Golgi precursor carboxypeptidase Y (CPY), protease A (PrA), protease B (PrB), but not alkaline phosphatase (ALP) from the trans-Golgi network-like compartment (TGN) to the endosome. Vac1p contains an N-terminal classical TFIIIA-like zinc finger, two putative zinc-binding FYVE fingers, and a C-terminal coiled coil region. The FYVE domain in both Vps27p and Vac1p harbors a zinc-binding site composed of seven Cysteines and one Histidine, which is different from that of other FYVE domain containing proteins.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 153791377 157 ICMRCTQtRFSALTRRHHCRKCGFVVCAECSRQRFLLPR-----LSPKPVRVCSLCY 208
Cdd:cd15736    1 CCHTCSR-TFNLNIRAHHCRKCGKLFCRRHLPNMIPLNLsaydpRNGKWYRCCHSCF 56

p63RhoGEF pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, repeat 2; The guanine nucleotide exchange factor p63RhoGEF is an effector of the heterotrimeric G protein, Galphaq and linking Galphaq-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to the activation of RhoA. The Dbl(DH) and PH domains of p63RhoGEF interact with the effector-binding site and the C-terminal region of Galphaq and appear to relieve autoinhibition of the catalytic DH domain by the PH domain. Trio, Duet, and p63RhoGEF are shown to constitute a family of Galphaq effectors that appear to activate RhoA both in vitro and in intact cells. Dbs is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which contains spectrin repeats, a rhoGEF (DH) domain and a PH domain. The Dbs PH domain participates in binding to both the Cdc42 and RhoA GTPases. Trio plays an essential role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton during axonal guidance and branching. Trio is a multidomain signaling protein that contains two RhoGEF(DH)-PH domains in tandem. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  47 RKKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYGSIVLNKR-------KYRSQhiIPLEEVTLEllPETLQAKNRWMIKT-----AKKSFVVSAA 114
Cdd:cd13241   33 LQKGKERRVFLFEQIIIFSEILGKKTqfsnpgyIYKNH--IKVNKMSLE--ENVDGDPLRFALKSrdpnnPSETFILQAA 108

                         90       100
                 ....*....|....*....|.
gi 153791377 115 SATERQEWISHIEECVRRQLR 135
Cdd:cd13241  109 SPEVRQEWVDTINQILDTQRD 129

Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain containing, family H (with MyTH4 domain) members 1 and 2 (PLEKHH1) PH domain, repeat 1; PLEKHH1 and PLEKHH2 (also called PLEKHH1L) are thought to function in phospholipid binding and signal transduction. There are 3 Human PLEKHH genes: PLEKHH1, PLEKHH2, and PLEKHH3. There are many isoforms, the longest of which contain a FERM domain, a MyTH4 domain, two PH domains, a peroximal domain, a vacuolar domain, and a coiled coil stretch. The FERM domain has a cloverleaf tripart structure (FERM_N, FERM_M, FERM_C/N, alpha-, and C-lobe/A-lobe, B-lobe, C-lobe/F1, F2, F3). The C-lobe/F3 within the FERM domain is part of the PH domain family. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 153791377  48 KKAKPRIFFLFNDILVYgsivlnkrkYRSQHII---PLEEVTLELLPETLQA--KNRWMIKTAKKSFVVSAASATERQEW 122
Cdd:cd13282   13 KTWKRRWFVLKNGELFY---------YKSPNDVirkPQGQIALDGSCEIARAegAQTFEIVTEKRTYYLTADSENDLDEW 83

                         90
                 ....*....|.
gi 153791377 123 ISHIEECVRRQ 133
Cdd:cd13282   84 IRVIQNVLRRQ 94

Bud emergence protein 3 (Bem3) Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; Bud emergence in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves cell cycle-regulated reorganizations of cortical cytoskeletal elements and requires the action of the Rho-type GTPase Cdc42. Bem3 contains a RhoGAP domain and a PH domain. Though Bem3 and Bem2 both contain a RhoGAP, but only Bem3 is able to stimulate the hydrolysis of GTP on Cdc42. Bem3 is thought to be the GAP for Cdc42. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

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gi 153791377  39 EGVLTKEcRKKA-------KPRIFFLFNDILVYgsivLNKRKyrSQHI--IPLEEVTLELLPEtLQ-----AKNRWMIKT 104
Cdd:cd13277    6 EGYLLKR-RKKTlgstggwKLRYGVLDGNILEL----YESRG--GQLLesIKLRNAQIERQPN-LPddkygTRHGFLINE 77

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gi 153791377 105 AKKS-------FVVSAASATERQEWISHIEE 128
Cdd:cd13277   78 HKKSglssttkYYLCAETDKERDEWVSALSE 108

Switch-associated protein-70 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; SWAP-70 (also called Differentially expressed in FDCP 6/DEF-6 or IRF4-binding protein) functions in cellular signal transduction pathways (in conjunction with Rac), regulates cell motility through actin rearrangement, and contributes to the transformation and invasion activity of mouse embryo fibroblasts. Metazoan SWAP-70 is found in B lymphocytes, mast cells, and in a variety of organs. Metazoan SWAP-70 contains an N-terminal EF-hand motif, a centrally located PH domain, and a C-terminal coiled-coil domain. The PH domain of Metazoan SWAP-70 contains a phosphoinositide-binding site and a nuclear localization signal (NLS), which localize SWAP-70 to the plasma membrane and nucleus, respectively. The NLS is a sequence of four Lys residues located at the N-terminus of the C-terminal a-helix; this is a unique characteristic of the Metazoan SWAP-70 PH domain. The SWAP-70 PH domain binds PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PtdIns(4,5)P2 embedded in lipid bilayer vesicles. There are additional plant SWAP70 proteins, but these are not included in this hierarchy. Rice SWAP70 (OsSWAP70) exhibits GEF activity toward the its Rho GTPase, OsRac1, and regulates chitin-induced production of reactive oxygen species and defense gene expression in rice. Arabidopsis SWAP70 (AtSWAP70) plays a role in both PAMP- and effector-triggered immunity. Plant SWAP70 contains both DH and PH domains, but their arrangement is the reverse of that in typical DH-PH-type Rho GEFs, wherein the DH domain is flanked by a C-terminal PH domain. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

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gi 153791377  65 GSIVLNKRkyrsqhiipleeVTLELLPETLQAKNRWMIKTAKKSFVVSAASATERQEWISHIEECVRRQ 133
Cdd:cd13273   49 GEIALDSN------------CCVESLPDREGKKCRFLVKTPDKTYELSASDHKTRQEWIAAIQTAIRLS 105