Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection is a public health concern, as well as a threat to the global economy. It may be asymptomatic, or manifest through multiorgan types of malignancies and various gastrointestinal diseases. Analyzing of the gut microflora composition and metabolome profile during an acute EBV infection could be pitoval in comprehending and controlling EBV. We employed a tree shrew model, that reported in our previous study, to explore the influences of a EBV infection on the gut microflora dynamic changes. 16S rRNA gene characterization along with beta diversity analysis exhibited remarkable alterations in gut microflora structure with a peak at three days post infection(dpi). Some alterations in the relative richness of bacterial taxon were linked to infectious indicators. Of note, Butyricicoccus relative richness was positively linked to EBV presence in the blood and plasma, the opposite correlation was seen with Variovorax and Paramuribaculum. Nontargeted metabolomics indicated the fecal metabolome profile altered during EBV infection, particularly 7 dpi. The relative abundance of Geranic acid and Undecylenic acid in stool samples was positively linked to systemic inflammatory biomarkers, and an inverse relationship was reported with the Estrone glucuronide, Linoleic acid, Protoporphyrin and Tyramine. Collectively, EBV infection in a tree shrew model is linked to alterations in the gut microflora structure along with metabolome profile.
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