Gnmt glycine N-methyltransferase [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gnmtprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: glycine N-methyltransferaseprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1202304
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000002769 AllianceGenome:MGI:1202304
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Summary: Enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity and glycine binding activity. Involved in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process and protein homotetramerization. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including glycogen metabolic process; one-carbon metabolic process; and regulation of gluconeogenesis. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Predicted to be part of methyltransferase complex. Predicted to be active in cytosol. Is expressed in several structures, including integumental system; limb; nose; pancreas tip epithelium; and skeleton. Used to study glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency and hepatocellular carcinoma. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency. Orthologous to human GNMT (glycine N-methyltransferase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Restricted expression toward liver adult (RPKM 1724.9) See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 17 22.9 cM; 17 C

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	17	NC_000083.7 (47036590..47040091, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	17	NC_000083.6 (46725664..46729211, complement)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000083.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Folic Acid Ameliorates Renal Injury in Experimental Obstructive Nephropathy: Role of Glycine N-Methyltransferase.
Title: Folic Acid Ameliorates Renal Injury in Experimental Obstructive Nephropathy: Role of Glycine N-Methyltransferase.
Targeted and untargeted metabolomics provide insight into the consequences of glycine-N-methyltransferase deficiency including the novel finding of defective immune function.
Title: Targeted and untargeted metabolomics provide insight into the consequences of glycine-N-methyltransferase deficiency including the novel finding of defective immune function.
Results suggest that glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) might be involved in insulin-induced angiopoietin-like protein 8 (Angptl8) expression in high fat diet (HFD)-mediated metabolic syndrome.
Title: Loss of Glycine N-Methyltransferase Associates with Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8 Expression in High Fat-Diet-Fed Mice.
Hepatic GNMT protected mice from aristolochic acids induced nephropathy by enhancing CAR/PXR/CYP3A44/3A41 transcriptions and reducing Nrf2/NQO1 transcriptions.
Title: Glycine N-methyltransferase inhibits aristolochic acid nephropathy by increasing CYP3A44 and decreasing NQO1 expression in female mouse hepatocytes.
GNMT deletion promotes a metabolic shift whereby nutrients are channeled away from glucose formation toward pathways that utilize the elevated S-adenosylmethionine.
Title: Glycine N-methyltransferase deletion in mice diverts carbon flux from gluconeogenesis to pathways that utilize excess methionine cycle intermediates.
Hepatic GNMT regulates lipid and glucose homeostasis, and provide insight into the development of insulin resistance through modulating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Title: Glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency in female mice impairs insulin signaling and promotes gluconeogenesis by modulating the PI3K/Akt pathway in the liver.
GNMT is involved in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and plays a crucial role in the regulation of CD4+ T-cell functions
Title: Role of glycine N-methyltransferase in the regulation of T-cell responses in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
GNMT is found in the hippocampus and regulates intracellular SAMe levels. GNMT deficiency in mice results in high SAMe levels within the hippocampus, reduced neurogenic capacity, and spatial learning and memory impairment.
Title: Glycine N-methyltransferase expression in the hippocampus and its role in neurogenesis and cognitive performance.
It may be a crucial molecule in the pathogenesis of DSS-induced colitis.
Title: Role of glycine N-methyltransferase in experimental ulcerative colitis.
Gnmt plays important role in maintaining normal function of brain; deficiency of Gnmt causes dysfunction of important signaling pathways and results in alterations of neurotransmitter secretion as well as changes in neuropsychological behavior.
Title: Characterization of the neuropsychological phenotype of glycine N-methyltransferase-/- mice and evaluation of its responses to clozapine and sarcosine treatments.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (17)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Targeted (2) 1 citation
Endonuclease-mediated (2)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

AI132582 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:160664

Gnmt (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:526042

Gnmt (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:526043

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables folic acid binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glycine binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glycine binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glycine binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables methyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in S-adenosylhomocysteine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in S-adenosylhomocysteine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glycine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glycogen metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within methionine metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in methylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in one-carbon metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within one-carbon metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in protein homotetramerization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of gluconeogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gluconeogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sarcosine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in sarcosine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of methyltransferase complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glycine N-methyltransferase

Names: glycine N methyl transferase

NP_001351819.1

EC 2.1.1.20

NP_001400081.1

EC 2.1.1.20

NP_034451.1

EC 2.1.1.20

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001364890.1 → NP_001351819.1 glycine N-methyltransferase isoform 2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

CT030702

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q5I0T9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam13649
Location:61 → 146

Methyltransf_25; Methyltransferase domain
NM_001413152.1 → NP_001400081.1 glycine N-methyltransferase isoform 3

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

CT030702
NM_010321.1 → NP_034451.1 glycine N-methyltransferase isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034451.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

D89664

Consensus CDS

CCDS28838.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q91WN7, Q9QXF8

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q5I0T9

Related

ENSMUSP00000002846.9, ENSMUST00000002846.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam12847
Location:60 → 175

Methyltransf_18; Methyltransferase domain