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Gls2 glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial) [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 216456, updated on 21-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Gls2provided by MGI
Official Full Name
glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial)provided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:2143539
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000044005 AllianceGenome:MGI:2143539
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
GA; GLS; Lga; A330074B06Rik
Summary
Predicted to enable glutaminase activity. Predicted to be involved in glutamate biosynthetic process and glutamine catabolic process. Predicted to act upstream of or within reactive oxygen species metabolic process and regulation of apoptotic process. Located in mitochondrion. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; limb; nervous system; skeleton; and urinary system. Orthologous to human GLS2 (glutaminase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Biased expression in liver adult (RPKM 304.4) and liver E18 (RPKM 21.8) See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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Location:
10 D3; 10 76.44 cM
Exon count:
18
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 10 NC_000076.7 (128030504..128045873)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 10 NC_000076.6 (128194635..128210004)

Chromosome 10 - NC_000076.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RNA binding motif, single stranded interacting protein 2 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E11466 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_28269 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E11760 Neighboring gene predicted gene 4556 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E725 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10659 Neighboring gene SPRY domain containing 4 Neighboring gene timeless circadian clock 1 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 26847 Neighboring gene major intrinsic protein of lens fiber Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_28273

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Role of Glutaminase 2 in Promoting CD4+ T Cell Production of Interleukin-2 by Supporting Antioxidant Defense in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Hisada R, et al. Arthritis Rheumatol, 2022 Jul. PMID 35254008, Free PMC Article
  2. Glutaminase 2 knockdown reduces hyperammonemia and associated lethality of urea cycle disorder mouse model. Mao X, et al. J Inherit Metab Dis, 2022 May. PMID 34988999, Free PMC Article
  3. Targeting hepatic glutaminase activity to ameliorate hyperglycemia. Miller RA, et al. Nat Med, 2018 May. PMID 29578539, Free PMC Article
  4. GLS2 Is a Tumor Suppressor and a Regulator of Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Suzuki S, et al. Cancer Res, 2022 Sep 16. PMID 35895807
  5. PPARα Downregulates Hepatic Glutaminase Expression in Mice Fed Diets with Different Protein:Carbohydrate Ratios. Velázquez-Villegas LA, et al. J Nutr, 2016 Sep. PMID 27466601

See all (33) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. LRH-1 activation alleviates diabetes-induced podocyte injury by promoting GLS2-mediated glutaminolysis.
    Title: LRH-1 activation alleviates diabetes-induced podocyte injury by promoting GLS2-mediated glutaminolysis.
  2. Role of Glutaminase 2 in Promoting CD4+ T Cell Production of Interleukin-2 by Supporting Antioxidant Defense in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
    Title: Role of Glutaminase 2 in Promoting CD4+ T Cell Production of Interleukin-2 by Supporting Antioxidant Defense in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
  3. Glutaminase 2 knockdown reduces hyperammonemia and associated lethality of urea cycle disorder mouse model.
    Title: Glutaminase 2 knockdown reduces hyperammonemia and associated lethality of urea cycle disorder mouse model.
  4. Data (including data from studies in knockout/transgenic mice) suggest Ppp2ca supports cortical neuronal growth and cognitive function via regulating p73/Gls2 signal transduction in neurons of hippocampus. Ppp2ca gene knock-out results in embryonic cortical atrophy with learning/memory deficits. (Ppp2ca = protein phosphatase 2a catalytic subunit alpha isoform; p73 = transformation related protein 73; Gls2 = glutaminase-2)
    Title: Protein phosphatase 2ACα gene knock-out results in cortical atrophy through activating hippo cascade in neuronal progenitor cells.
  5. Gls2 expression is regulated by the dietary protein/carbohydrate ratio. This effect was not observed in Ppara-null mice.
    Title: PPARα Downregulates Hepatic Glutaminase Expression in Mice Fed Diets with Different Protein:Carbohydrate Ratios.
  6. Study demonstrated expression of alternative transcripts of the mammalian Gls2 gene. Transcriptional mechanisms giving rise to GLS2 variants and isolation of novel GLS2 transcripts in human, rat and mouse are presented.
    Title: Mammalian glutaminase Gls2 gene encodes two functional alternative transcripts by a surrogate promoter usage mechanism.
  7. Phosphate-activated glutaminase (GLS2) is a p53-inducible regulator of glutamine metabolism and reactive oxygen species
    Title: Phosphate-activated glutaminase (GLS2), a p53-inducible regulator of glutamine metabolism and reactive oxygen species.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • KIAA4146

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutaminase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables hydrolase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in glutamate biosynthetic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glutamine catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glutamine metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within reactive oxygen species metabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of apoptotic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 
located_in mitochondrion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial
Names
L-glutaminase
L-glutamine amidohydrolase
liver mitochondrial glutaminase
NP_001028436.2
NP_001272706.1
NP_001272708.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001033264.3 → NP_001028436.2  glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001028436.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC135859, AK220231
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS24263.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RUF2, Q3TMJ6, Q571F8
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000047376.7, ENSMUST00000044776.13
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    sd00045
    Location:490 → 516
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
    pfam12796
    Location:490 → 572
    Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)
    pfam17959
    Location:72 → 155
    EF-hand_14; EF-hand domain
    pfam04960
    Location:177 → 463
    Glutaminase

  2. NM_001285777.1 → NP_001272706.1  glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform 2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2 which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC135859
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd00204
    Location:301 → 389
    ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...
    pfam04960
    Location:17 → 274
    Glutaminase; Glutaminase
    pfam13637
    Location:331 → 383
    Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)
    sd00045
    Location:301 → 327
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

  3. NM_001285779.1 → NP_001272708.1  glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001272708.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' region and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3 which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC135859
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3TGF1
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd00204
    Location:225 → 313
    ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...
    pfam04960
    Location:1 → 198
    Glutaminase; Glutaminase
    pfam13637
    Location:255 → 307
    Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)
    sd00045
    Location:225 → 251
    ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000076.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    128030504..128045873
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q571F8.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q571F8

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