Gnmt glycine N-methyltransferase [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Symbol: Gnmtprovided by RGD
Full Name: glycine N-methyltransferaseprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2719
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000016349 AllianceGenome:RGD:2719
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables several functions, including S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding activity; carboxylic acid binding activity; and glycine N-methyltransferase activity. Involved in several processes, including S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process; alpha-amino acid metabolic process; and protein homotetramerization. Located in cytosol and nucleus. Part of methyltransferase complex. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency. Orthologous to human GNMT (glycine N-methyltransferase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Restricted expression toward (RPKM 2226.4) See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9q12

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	9	NC_086027.1 (21752235..21756368)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	9	NC_051344.1 (14254675..14258028)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	9	NC_005108.4 (16565274..16568626)

Chromosome 9 - NC_086027.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Data show that two biomarkers, glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) and glycogen phosphorylase (PYGL), were found to indicate early hepatic injuries.
Title: Proteomic investigation of signatures for geniposide-induced hepatotoxicity.
In the folate-GNMT complexes with the native enzyme, two folate molecules establish three and four hydrogen bonds with the protein. In the folate-recombinant GNMT complex only one hydrogen bond is established.
Title: Differences in folate-protein interactions result in differing inhibition of native rat liver and recombinant glycine N-methyltransferase by 5-methyltetrahydrofolate.
4S polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (glycine N-methyltransferase) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (hypoxia inducible factor-1beta) interaction in Chinese hamster ovary and rat hepatoma cells: 4S PAH-R/ARNT hetero-oligomers
Title: 4S polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (glycine N-methyltransferase) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (hypoxia inducible factor-1β) interaction in Chinese hamster ovary and rat hepatoma cells: 4S PAH-R/ARNT hetero-oligomers?
acetylation of the N-terminal valine affects several kinetic parameters of the enzyme
Title: Acetylation of N-terminal valine of glycine N-methyltransferase affects enzyme inhibition by folate.
results provide evidence that vitamin A and its derivatives can induce enzymatically active GNMT and inappropriate induction can lead to a biologically important loss of methyl groups and the subsequent impairment of essential transmethylation processes
Title: Vitamin A and its derivatives induce hepatic glycine N-methyltransferase and hypomethylation of DNA in rats.
Activation and induction of glycine N-methyltransferase by retinoids are tissue- and gender-specific.
Title: Activation and induction of glycine N-methyltransferase by retinoids are tissue- and gender-specific.
Both retinoic acid and dexamethasone independently induce this enzyme.
Title: Retinoic acid and glucocorticoid treatment induce hepatic glycine N-methyltransferase and lower plasma homocysteine concentrations in rats and rat hepatoma cells.
First report of the crystal structure of rat GNMT complexed with its inhibitor, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate.
Title: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate is bound in intersubunit areas of rat liver folate-binding protein glycine N-methyltransferase.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables folic acid binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables folic acid binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables folic acid binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables glycine N-methyltransferase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glycine binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables glycine binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables glycine binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables glycine binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables glycine binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables glycine binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables identical protein binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables selenol Se-methyltransferase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in S-adenosylhomocysteine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in S-adenosylhomocysteine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in S-adenosylhomocysteine metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glycine metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within glycogen metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within methionine metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in methylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in methylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in one-carbon metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within one-carbon metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in protein homotetramerization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of gluconeogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gluconeogenesis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in sarcosine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in sarcosine metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
part_of methyltransferase complex	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glycine N-methyltransferase

Names: folate-binding protein; glycine methyltransferase

NP_058780.1

EC 2.1.1.20

XP_063122731.1

EC 2.1.1.20

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.