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RAD52 RAD52 homolog, DNA repair protein [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5893, updated on 3-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
RAD52provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
RAD52 homolog, DNA repair proteinprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9824
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000002016 MIM:600392; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9824
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene shares similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad52, a protein important for DNA double-strand break repair and homologous recombination. This gene product was shown to bind single-stranded DNA ends, and mediate the DNA-DNA interaction necessary for the annealing of complementary DNA strands. It was also found to interact with DNA recombination protein RAD51, which suggested its role in RAD51 related DNA recombination and repair. A pseudogene of this gene is present on chromosome 2. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Additional alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in fat (RPKM 4.4), skin (RPKM 4.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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Genomic context

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See RAD52 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12p13.33
Exon count:
17
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (911736..991122, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (907492..985932, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (1020902..1099207, complement)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101929432 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2455 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr12.51 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5787 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5788 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5789 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5790 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancers GRCh37_chr12:861758-862476 and GRCh37_chr12:862477-863195 Neighboring gene RNA, U4atac small nuclear 16, pseudogene Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5791 Neighboring gene OCT4-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:917646-918146 Neighboring gene OCT4-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:918147-918647 Neighboring gene WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5792 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1023012-1024211 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902855 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1058032-1058690 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1058691-1059349 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1067429-1067930 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1067931-1068430 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1083331-1083878 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:1092618-1092819 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1099220-1099782 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1100344-1100905 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6010 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4110 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1115216-1115716 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1115717-1116217 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1181067-1181567 Neighboring gene ELKS/RAB6-interacting/CAST family member 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 5795 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr12:1224566-1225765 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902857 Neighboring gene 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D pseudogene 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Biochemical characterization of the RNA-binding and RNA-DNA strand exchange activities of the human RAD52 protein. Tsuchiya R, et al. J Biochem, 2023 Jun 30. PMID 36811351, Free PMC Article
  2. DNA repair protein RAD52 is required for protecting G-quadruplexes in mammalian cells. Liu S, et al. J Biol Chem, 2023 Jan. PMID 36470428, Free PMC Article
  3. Aberrant Expression of RAD52, Its Prognostic Impact in Rectal Cancer and Association with Poor Survival of Patients. Ho V, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2020 Mar 4. PMID 32143539, Free PMC Article
  4. Human RECQL4 represses the RAD52-mediated single-strand annealing pathway after ionizing radiation or cisplatin treatment. Kohzaki M, et al. Int J Cancer, 2020 Jun 1. PMID 31495919
  5. Rad52 prevents excessive replication fork reversal and protects from nascent strand degradation. Malacaria E, et al. Nat Commun, 2019 Mar 29. PMID 30926821, Free PMC Article

See all (157) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Human RAD52 stimulates the RAD51-mediated homology search.
    Title: Human RAD52 stimulates the RAD51-mediated homology search.
  2. Elevated PAF1-RAD52 axis confers chemoresistance to human cancers.
    Title: Elevated PAF1-RAD52 axis confers chemoresistance to human cancers.
  3. Different SWI/SNF complexes coordinately promote R-loop- and RAD52-dependent transcription-coupled homologous recombination.
    Title: Different SWI/SNF complexes coordinately promote R-loop- and RAD52-dependent transcription-coupled homologous recombination.
  4. Biochemical characterization of the RNA-binding and RNA-DNA strand exchange activities of the human RAD52 protein.
    Title: Biochemical characterization of the RNA-binding and RNA-DNA strand exchange activities of the human RAD52 protein.
  5. DNA repair protein RAD52 is required for protecting G-quadruplexes in mammalian cells.
    Title: DNA repair protein RAD52 is required for protecting G-quadruplexes in mammalian cells.
  6. SF3B4 promotes ovarian cancer progression by regulating alternative splicing of RAD52.
    Title: SF3B4 promotes ovarian cancer progression by regulating alternative splicing of RAD52.
  7. Nickel nanoparticle-induced cell transformation: involvement of DNA damage and DNA repair defect through HIF-1alpha/miR-210/Rad52 pathway.
    Title: Nickel nanoparticle-induced cell transformation: involvement of DNA damage and DNA repair defect through HIF-1α/miR-210/Rad52 pathway.
  8. Rad52 mediates class-switch DNA recombination to IgD.
    Title: Rad52 mediates class-switch DNA recombination to IgD.
  9. BRCA1 and RNAi factors promote repair mediated by small RNAs and PALB2-RAD52.
    Title: BRCA1 and RNAi factors promote repair mediated by small RNAs and PALB2-RAD52.
  10. RAD52 Adjusts Repair of Single-Strand Breaks via Reducing DNA-Damage-Promoted XRCC1/LIG3alpha Co-localization.
    Title: RAD52 Adjusts Repair of Single-Strand Breaks via Reducing DNA-Damage-Promoted XRCC1/LIG3α Co-localization.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (94)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Influence of common genetic variation on lung cancer risk: meta-analysis of 14 900 cases and 29 485 controls.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables single-stranded DNA binding IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within DNA double-strand break processing involved in repair via single-strand annealing IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in DNA recombinase assembly IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in DNA recombination IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to oxidative stress IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in double-strand break repair TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in mitotic recombination IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of nucleotide-excision repair IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of protein-DNA complex IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
part_of protein-containing complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog
Names
recombination protein RAD52
rhabdomyosarcoma antigen MU-RMS-40.23

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_017078.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    45348..83306
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001297419.1 → NP_001284348.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284348.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform (a, also known as alpha).
    Source sequence(s)
    AA402047, AC004803, L33262
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8507.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84, Q5DR82
    Related
    ENSP00000387901.2, ENST00000430095.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  2. NM_001297420.1 → NP_001284349.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284349.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks several coding exons, and contains an alternate exon in the coding region, resulting in a novel 3' coding region and 3' UTR compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b, also known as beta) has a distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC004803, AF125950
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS76501.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351
    Related
    ENSP00000440268.1, ENST00000545564.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01936
    Location:38 → 156
    Rad52_Rad22; Rad52/22 family double-strand break repair protein

  3. NM_001297421.2 → NP_001284350.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform c

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and uses a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AA402047, AC004803, AK299283, HY045122
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z5Q6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl42453
    Location:1 → 122
    Rad52_Rad22; Rad52/22 family double-strand break repair protein

  4. NM_001297422.2 → NP_001284351.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform d

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284351.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks several coding exons and uses an alternate 3' terminal exon, resulting in a novel 3' coding region and 3' UTR compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (d) has a distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC004803, AK294709, HY045122
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS76500.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z2G8, F5GX32
    Related
    ENSP00000440486.1, ENST00000536177.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  5. NM_134424.4 → NP_602296.2  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_602296.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (a, also known as alpha). Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform.
    Source sequence(s)
    AA402047, AC004803, HY045122, U12134
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8507.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84, Q5DR82
    Related
    ENSP00000351284.3, ENST00000358495.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

RNA

  1. NR_123713.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) contains two alternate internal exons, and uses an alternate splice site in an internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AA402047, AC004803, BC042136, HY045122

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    911736..991122 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017019769.2 → XP_016875258.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84, Q5DR82
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  2. XM_005253720.6 → XP_005253777.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005253777.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84, Q5DR82
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  3. XM_047429285.1 → XP_047285241.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

  4. XM_011520991.3 → XP_011519293.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011519293.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84, Q5DR82
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  5. XM_017019770.2 → XP_016875259.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  6. XM_047429284.1 → XP_047285240.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

  7. XM_011520990.3 → XP_011519292.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011519292.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84, Q5DR82
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  8. XM_047429283.1 → XP_047285239.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

  9. XM_005253721.3 → XP_005253778.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005253778.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3MI84, Q5DR82
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  10. XM_047429282.1 → XP_047285238.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5DR82

  11. XM_011520995.4 → XP_011519297.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X5

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z5Q6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl01936
    Location:14 → 101
    Rad52_Rad22; Rad52/22 family double-strand break repair protein

  12. XM_047429286.1 → XP_047285242.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X3

  13. XM_047429287.1 → XP_047285243.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X4

  14. XM_047429290.1 → XP_047285246.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X7

  15. XM_017019771.2 → XP_016875260.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z2G8, F5GX32
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    TIGR00607
    Location:38 → 199
    rad52; recombination protein rad52

  16. XM_047429288.1 → XP_047285244.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5GX32

  17. XM_047429289.1 → XP_047285245.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5GX32

  18. XM_047429291.1 → XP_047285247.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X8

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    907492..985932 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054372784.1 → XP_054228759.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5DR82

  2. XM_054372789.1 → XP_054228764.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

  3. XM_054372782.1 → XP_054228757.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5DR82

  4. XM_054372786.1 → XP_054228761.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

  5. XM_054372788.1 → XP_054228763.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

  6. XM_054372783.1 → XP_054228758.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5DR82

  7. XM_054372787.1 → XP_054228762.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X2

  8. XM_054372785.1 → XP_054228760.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P43351, Q13205, Q9Y5T7, Q9Y5T8, Q9Y5T9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q5DR82

  9. XM_054372792.1 → XP_054228767.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X5

  10. XM_054372790.1 → XP_054228765.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X3

  11. XM_054372791.1 → XP_054228766.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X4

  12. XM_054372796.1 → XP_054228771.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X7

  13. XM_054372793.1 → XP_054228768.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5GX32

  14. XM_054372794.1 → XP_054228769.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5GX32

  15. XM_054372795.1 → XP_054228770.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X6

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F5GX32

  16. XM_054372797.1 → XP_054228772.1  DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform X8

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_134422.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_134422.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.

  2. NM_134423.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_134423.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P43351.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P43351

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