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Azin1 antizyme inhibitor 1 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 58961, updated on 13-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Azin1provided by RGD
Official Full Name
antizyme inhibitor 1provided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:61934
See related
Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000005333 AllianceGenome:RGD:61934
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as
Oazi; Oazin
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 1, the first member of this gene family that is ubiquitously expressed, and is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of antizyme inhibitor 1 gene has been associated with increased proliferation, cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. Gene knockout studies showed that homozygous mutant mice lacking functional antizyme inhibitor 1 gene died at birth with abnormal liver morphology. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
Expression
Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 279.2), Lung (RPKM 261.4) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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Location:
7q22
Exon count:
13
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 7 NC_086025.1 (71539711..71566515, complement)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 7 NC_051342.1 (69654773..69681578, complement)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 7 NC_005106.4 (77345646..77372398, complement)

Chromosome 7 - NC_086025.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120093639 Neighboring gene ring finger protein 149, pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120093640 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120093641

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. AZIN1 RNA editing confers cancer stemness and enhances oncogenic potential in colorectal cancer. Shigeyasu K, et al. JCI Insight, 2018 Jun 21. PMID 29925690, Free PMC Article
  2. Expression of ODC1, SPD, SPM and AZIN1 in the hypothalamus, ovary and uterus during rat estrous cycle. Fernandes JRD, et al. Gen Comp Endocrinol, 2017 May 15. PMID 28315656
  3. The change of antizyme inhibitor expression and its possible role during mammalian cell cycle. Murakami Y, et al. Exp Cell Res, 2009 Aug 1. PMID 19426728
  4. Pneumocystis mediates overexpression of antizyme inhibitor resulting in increased polyamine levels and apoptosis in alveolar macrophages. Liao CP, et al. J Biol Chem, 2009 Mar 20. PMID 19158080, Free PMC Article
  5. Antizyme, a mediator of ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation and its inhibitor localize to centrosomes and modulate centriole amplification. Mangold U, et al. Oncogene, 2008 Jan 24. PMID 17667942

See all (22) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Identification of AZIN1, and hence by inference, polyamines as novel regulators of the expression of the Arginine vasopressin gene.
    Title: Control of Polyamine Biosynthesis by Antizyme Inhibitor 1 Is Important for Transcriptional Regulation of Arginine Vasopressin in the Male Rat Hypothalamus.
  2. findings suggested that antizyme inhibitor (AIn) contributed to a rapid increase in ODC at the G1 phase and also played a role in facilitating cells to complete mitosis during the cell cycle
    Title: The change of antizyme inhibitor expression and its possible role during mammalian cell cycle.
  3. Wild-type antizyme inhibitor and the AZI(DeltaY) mutant are capable of direct interaction with cyclin D1 suggesting a potential mechanism for the antizyme-independent effects, and a novel function for antizyme inhibitor in cellular growth control.
    Title: Regulation of cell proliferation by the antizyme inhibitor: evidence for an antizyme-independent mechanism.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables ornithine decarboxylase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in estrous cycle IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of centrosome duplication IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in putrescine biosynthetic process from ornithine IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in centrosome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
antizyme inhibitor 1
Names
AZI
ornithine decarboxylase antizyme inhibitor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001301702.1 → NP_001288631.1  antizyme inhibitor 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001288631.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an internal 5' non-coding exon, thus has a shorter 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    JAXUCZ010000007
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q63764
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06831
    Location:26 → 419
    PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
    COG0019
    Location:40 → 405
    LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

  2. NM_022585.2 → NP_072107.2  antizyme inhibitor 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_072107.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    JAXUCZ010000007
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q63764
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000007999.3, ENSRNOT00000007999.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06831
    Location:26 → 419
    PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
    COG0019
    Location:40 → 405
    LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086025.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    71539711..71566515 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006241569.3 → XP_006241631.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q63764
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2JW87
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000069785.2
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06831
    Location:26 → 418
    PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
    COG0019
    Location:40 → 404
    LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

  2. XM_063264178.1 → XP_063120248.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2JW87

  3. XM_006241568.4 → XP_006241630.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006241630.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q63764
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06831
    Location:26 → 419
    PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
    COG0019
    Location:40 → 405
    LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

  4. XM_017595068.2 → XP_017450557.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q63764
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06831
    Location:26 → 419
    PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
    COG0019
    Location:40 → 405
    LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q63764.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q63764

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