GP ALPHA 1 G protein alpha subunit 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Gene symbol: GP ALPHA 1
Gene description: G protein alpha subunit 1
Primary source: Araport:AT2G26300
Locus tag: AT2G26300
See related: TAIR:AT2G26300
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA G PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT 1; ATGPA1; G PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT; G protein alpha subunit 1; G PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT 1; GPA1; T1D16.6; T1D16_6
Summary: Encodes an alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein. The active GTP-bound form of GPA1 binds to the GTG1 and GTG2 abscisic acid (ABA) receptors and appears to affect their GTPase and GTP-binding activity, and hence, ABA binding abilities. GPA1 is a positive regulator in ABA-mediated inhibition of stomatal opening. Plants with recessive mutant alleles have complex phenotypes including: reduced brassinolide response, reduced cell divisions, round leaves, short hypocotyls. It is likely to be involved in the signaling events that trigger unfolded protein response-associated cell death. GPA1 is also involved in sugar signaling.
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Genomic context

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See GP ALPHA 1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 2

Exon count:: 14

Sequence:: Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (11196996..11201102)

Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003071.7

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The stress induced caleosin, RD20/CLO3, acts as a negative regulator of GPA1 in Arabidopsis.
Title: The stress induced caleosin, RD20/CLO3, acts as a negative regulator of GPA1 in Arabidopsis.
PLDalpha1 and GPA1 are involved in the stomatal closure induced by Oridonin in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Title: PLDα1 and GPA1 are involved in the stomatal closure induced by Oridonin in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Findings suggest the functions and regulatory mechanisms of G protein alpha subunit 1 (GPA1) in Arabidopsis innate immunity.
Title: Dynamic G protein alpha signaling in Arabidopsis innate immunity.
Several AtGPA1 S/T phosphorylation sites are potentially nucleotide-dependent phosphorylation patterns, such as Ser52/Thr53 in the P-loop and Thr193 and/or Thr194 in Switch I
Title: Receptor-Like Kinase Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis Heterotrimeric G-Protein Gα -Subunit AtGPA1.
phosphorylation of Tyr(166) in AtGPA1 changes the binding pattern with AtRGS1 and thereby attenuates the steady-state rate of the GTPase cycle.
Title: Tyrosine phosphorylation switching of a G protein.
Found 394 GPA1-regulated genes spanning 79 processes, including biotic and abiotic stresses, development, flavonoid biosynthesis, transcription factors, transporters and nitrate/phosphate responses. Many are unknown in published gpa1 mutant analyses.
Title: G-protein α-subunit (GPA1) regulates stress, nitrate and phosphate response, flavonoid biosynthesis, fruit/seed development and substantially shares GCR1 regulation in A. thaliana.
Galpha mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure via H2O2 production, and acts downstream of RAN1, ETR1, ERS1, EIN4 and CTR1 and upstream of EIN2, EIN3 and ARR2. The data also show that ETR1 and ERS1 mediate both ethylene and H2O2 signalling in guard cells.
Title: Heterotrimeric G protein mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure via hydrogen peroxide synthesis in Arabidopsis.
AGG3, GPA1 and AGB1 act in the same genetic pathway to influence organ size and shape in A. thaliana.
Title: The plant-specific G protein γ subunit AGG3 influences organ size and shape in Arabidopsis thaliana.
GCR1 and GPA1 are involved in N-acyl-homoserine lactones -mediated elongation of Arabidopsis roots.
Title: The GCR1 and GPA1 participate in promotion of Arabidopsis primary root elongation induced by N-acyl-homoserine lactones, the bacterial quorum-sensing signals.
These findings establish a signaling pathway leading to ultraviolet-B-induced stomatal closure that involves GPA1-dependent activation of hydrogen peroxide production and subsequent Nia1-dependent nitric oxide accumulation.
Title: Role and interrelationship of Gα protein, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide in ultraviolet B-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis leaves.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

MASC_STS15743 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:258822

Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_128187.3

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTP binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTPase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables GTPase inhibitor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables channel regulator activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in blue light signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within programmed cell death in response to reactive oxygen species	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within reactive oxygen species metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of stomatal closure	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal movement	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of stomatal movement	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to glucose	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to low fluence blue light stimulus by blue low-fluence system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to pheromone	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within seed germination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within thylakoid membrane organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within tyrosine biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in peroxisome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasmodesma	HDA more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: G protein alpha subunit 1

NP_180198.1

G protein alpha subunit 1 (GP ALPHA 1); FUNCTIONS IN: in 6 functions; INVOLVED IN: in 16 processes; LOCATED IN: plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum membrane, heterotrimeric G-protein complex; EXPRESSED IN: 25 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Plant G-protein, alpha subunit (InterPro:IPR002976), Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit (InterPro:IPR001019), G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion (InterPro:IPR011025); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: extra-large GTP-binding protein 3 (TAIR:AT1G31930.3); Has 3745 Blast hits to 3647 proteins in 408 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 2360; Fungi - 766; Plants - 268; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 351 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

Range

11196996..11201102

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001336055.1 → NP_001325056.1 G protein alpha subunit 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P18064

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VY32, A0A5S9X1K2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00066
Location:40 → 377

G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)
NM_128187.3 → NP_180198.1 G protein alpha subunit 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_180198.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P18064

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178VY32, A0A5S9X1K2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00066
Location:40 → 377

G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)