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TLR10 toll like receptor 10 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 81793, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
TLR10provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
toll like receptor 10provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:15634
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000174123 MIM:606270; AllianceGenome:HGNC:15634
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
CD290
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is most highly expressed in lymphoid tissues such as spleen, lymph node, thymus, and tonsil. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants which encode different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]
Expression
Biased expression in lymph node (RPKM 20.4), spleen (RPKM 11.7) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
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Genomic context

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See TLR10 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4p14
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (38772238..38782990, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (38742654..38753390, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (38773859..38784611, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105374413 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21442 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21443 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21444 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21445 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21446 Neighboring gene RNA, 5S ribosomal pseudogene 158 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21447 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_79942 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21448 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_79947 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_79956/79957 Neighboring gene toll like receptor 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 13104 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21449 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancers experimental_79971, experimental_79978, experimental_79983/79985 and experimental_79990 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_80014/80015 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_80021 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_80029 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900695

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Toll-like receptor 10 is down-regulated in serum of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis but not associated with Epstein-Barr virus. Atiyah NS, et al. J Neurovirol, 2023 Apr. PMID 36934201
  2. TLR10 genotypes affect long-term graft function in tacrolimus-treated solid organ transplant recipients. Xu Q, et al. Int Immunopharmacol, 2022 Oct. PMID 35994854
  3. Toll-like receptor 10 has a role in human macrophage response against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Balachandran Y, et al. Cell Tissue Res, 2022 Oct. PMID 35867184
  4. Regulation of TLR10 Expression and Its Role in Chemotaxis of Human Neutrophils. Balachandran Y, et al. J Innate Immun, 2022. PMID 35613551, Free PMC Article
  5. Toll-like receptor 10 expression in B cells is negatively correlated with the progression of primary Sjögren's disease. Lai N, et al. Clin Immunol, 2022 Apr. PMID 35358679

See all (127) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Toll-like receptor 10 is down-regulated in serum of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis but not associated with Epstein-Barr virus.
    Title: Toll-like receptor 10 is down-regulated in serum of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis but not associated with Epstein-Barr virus.
  2. Regulation of TLR10 Expression and Its Role in Chemotaxis of Human Neutrophils.
    Title: Regulation of TLR10 Expression and Its Role in Chemotaxis of Human Neutrophils.
  3. Toll-like receptor 10 has a role in human macrophage response against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
    Title: Toll-like receptor 10 has a role in human macrophage response against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  4. TLR10 genotypes affect long-term graft function in tacrolimus-treated solid organ transplant recipients.
    Title: TLR10 genotypes affect long-term graft function in tacrolimus-treated solid organ transplant recipients.
  5. TLR10 and Its Role in Immunity.
    Title: TLR10 and Its Role in Immunity.
  6. Toll-like receptor 10 expression in B cells is negatively correlated with the progression of primary Sjogren's disease.
    Title: Toll-like receptor 10 expression in B cells is negatively correlated with the progression of primary Sjögren's disease.
  7. Gene polymorphisms of TLR10: effects on bacterial meningitis outcomes in Angolan children.
    Title: Gene polymorphisms of TLR10: effects on bacterial meningitis outcomes in Angolan children.
  8. Synergistic effect of genetic polymorphisms in TLR6 and TLR10 genes on the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in a Moldavian population.
    Title: Synergistic effect of genetic polymorphisms in TLR6 and TLR10 genes on the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in a Moldavian population.
  9. Toll-like receptor 10 controls TLR2-induced cytokine production in monocytes from patients with Parkinson's disease.
    Title: Toll-like receptor 10 controls TLR2-induced cytokine production in monocytes from patients with Parkinson's disease.
  10. Association of toll-like receptor 4, 5 and 10 polymorphisms with Helicobacter pylori-positive peptic ulcer disease in a center in Jordan.
    Title: Association of toll-like receptor 4, 5 and 10 polymorphisms with Helicobacter pylori-positive peptic ulcer disease in a center in Jordan.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (83)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association meta-analysis of self-reported allergy identifies shared and allergy-specific susceptibility loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Identification of genetic loci associated with Helicobacter pylori serologic status.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies ten loci influencing allergic sensitization.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC104967, MGC126398, MGC126399

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables Toll-like receptor 2 binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables lipopeptide binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables signaling receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables transmembrane signaling receptor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cellular response to bacterial lipopeptide IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in immune response NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in inflammatory response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in innate immune response NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in toll-like receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in toll-like receptor signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
part_of receptor complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
toll-like receptor 10
NP_001017388.1
NP_001182035.1
NP_001182036.1
NP_001182037.1
NP_112218.2
XP_011512062.1
XP_011512064.1
XP_047272180.1
XP_047272181.1
XP_047272182.1
XP_047272183.1
XP_054206915.1
XP_054206916.1
XP_054206917.1
XP_054206918.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001017388.3 → NP_001017388.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform a precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001017388.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks two exons in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein (isoform a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC118137, AY358300, DA643313
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3445.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D1CS28
    Related
    ENSP00000354459.2, ENST00000361424.6
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00082
    Location:522 → 574
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:633 → 775
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    COG4886
    Location:289 → 522
    LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
    sd00031
    Location:50 → 73
    LRR_1; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    sd00033
    Location:350 → 373
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam13855
    Location:72 → 129
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat

  2. NM_001195106.2 → NP_001182035.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform a precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001182035.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks one exon in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein (isoform a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC118137, AW504309, AY358300, DA213264, DA643313
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3445.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D1CS28
    Related
    ENSP00000478206.1, ENST00000613579.4
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00082
    Location:522 → 574
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:633 → 775
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    COG4886
    Location:289 → 522
    LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
    sd00031
    Location:50 → 73
    LRR_1; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    sd00033
    Location:350 → 373
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam13855
    Location:72 → 129
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat

  3. NM_001195107.2 → NP_001182036.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform a precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001182036.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks one exon in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein (isoform a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC118137, AF296673, AY358300, DA312129, DA643313
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3445.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D1CS28
    Related
    ENSP00000478985.1, ENST00000622002.4
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00082
    Location:522 → 574
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:633 → 775
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    COG4886
    Location:289 → 522
    LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
    sd00031
    Location:50 → 73
    LRR_1; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    sd00033
    Location:350 → 373
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam13855
    Location:72 → 129
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat

  4. NM_001195108.2 → NP_001182037.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001182037.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an alternate exon in the 5' UTR and uses a different splice site which results in part of the 5' coding region being absent, compared to variant 1. The resulting predicted protein (isoform b) has a shorter N-terminus and is missing a potential signal peptide when it is compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC118137, AF296673, AY358300, BP383038, DA643313
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D1CS28
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00082
    Location:508 → 560
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:619 → 761
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    cd00116
    Location:334 → 441
    LRR_RI; Leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), ribonuclease inhibitor (RI)-like subfamily. LRRs are 20-29 residue sequence motifs present in many proteins that participate in protein-protein interactions and have different functions and cellular locations. LRRs correspond ...
    sd00031
    Location:36 → 59
    LRR_1; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    sd00033
    Location:336 → 359
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam13855
    Location:58 → 115
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat

  5. NM_030956.4 → NP_112218.2  toll-like receptor 10 isoform a precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_112218.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. Variants 1-4 encode the same protein (isoform a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC118137, AF296673, AY358300, DA643313, DB226380
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3445.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D1CS28
    Related
    ENSP00000308925.4, ENST00000308973.9
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00082
    Location:522 → 574
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:633 → 775
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    COG4886
    Location:289 → 522
    LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
    sd00031
    Location:50 → 73
    LRR_1; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    sd00033
    Location:350 → 373
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam13855
    Location:72 → 129
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    38772238..38782990 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011513760.3 → XP_011512062.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011512062.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D1CS28
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00082
    Location:508 → 560
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:619 → 761
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    cd00116
    Location:334 → 441
    LRR_RI; Leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), ribonuclease inhibitor (RI)-like subfamily. LRRs are 20-29 residue sequence motifs present in many proteins that participate in protein-protein interactions and have different functions and cellular locations. LRRs correspond ...
    sd00031
    Location:36 → 59
    LRR_1; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    sd00033
    Location:336 → 359
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam13855
    Location:58 → 115
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat

  2. XM_011513762.3 → XP_011512064.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011512064.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    D1CS28
    Conserved Domains (6) summary
    smart00082
    Location:522 → 574
    LRRCT; Leucine rich repeat C-terminal domain
    smart00255
    Location:633 → 775
    TIR; Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance
    COG4886
    Location:289 → 522
    LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
    sd00031
    Location:50 → 73
    LRR_1; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    sd00033
    Location:350 → 373
    LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    pfam13855
    Location:72 → 129
    LRR_8; Leucine rich repeat

  3. XM_047416227.1 → XP_047272183.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X1

  4. XM_047416226.1 → XP_047272182.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5
    Related
    ENSP00000424923.1, ENST00000508334.1

  5. XM_047416224.1 → XP_047272180.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5

  6. XM_047416225.1 → XP_047272181.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K7L1, B3Y668, D1CS21, D1CS22, Q32MI7, Q32MI8, Q5FWG4, Q6UXL3, Q9BXR5
    Related
    ENSP00000421483.1, ENST00000506111.1

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    38742654..38753390 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054350940.1 → XP_054206915.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X1

  2. XM_054350942.1 → XP_054206917.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X2

  3. XM_054350943.1 → XP_054206918.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X2

  4. XM_054350941.1 → XP_054206916.1  toll-like receptor 10 isoform X2

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9BXR5.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9BXR5

Gene LinkOut

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