U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

MED21 mediator complex subunit 21 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 9412, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
MED21provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
mediator complex subunit 21provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:11473
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000152944 MIM:603800; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11473
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
SRB7; SURB7; hSrb7
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the mediator complex subunit 21 family. The encoded protein interacts with the human RNA polymerase II holoenzyme and is involved in transcriptional regulation of RNA polymerase II transcribed genes. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 8. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in adrenal (RPKM 13.1), testis (RPKM 11.0) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
See MED21 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12p11.23
Exon count:
8
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (27022558..27038951)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (26894578..26902698)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (27175491..27183606)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:27091219-27091728 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:27091729-27092237 Neighboring gene FGFR1 oncogene partner 2 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4307 Neighboring gene transmembrane 7 superfamily member 3 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4308 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6131 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak1625 silencer Neighboring gene nontranscribed chromatin-defined enhancer upstream of C12orf71 Neighboring gene chromosome 12 open reading frame 71 Neighboring gene liprin-beta-1-like Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_27027 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6132 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6133

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Malleable machines in transcription regulation: the mediator complex. Tóth-Petróczy A, et al. PLoS Comput Biol, 2008 Dec. PMID 19096501, Free PMC Article
  2. A human RNA polymerase II complex associated with SRB and DNA-repair proteins. Maldonado E, et al. Nature, 1996 May 2. PMID 8609996
  3. A mammalian SRB protein associated with an RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. Chao DM, et al. Nature, 1996 Mar 7. PMID 8598913
  4. Genomics of the human genes encoding four TAFII subunits of TFIID, the three subunits of TFIIA, as well as CDK8 and SURB7. Di Pietro C, et al. Somat Cell Mol Genet, 1999 May. PMID 11441538
  5. The transcriptional coactivator DRIP/mediator complex is involved in vitamin D receptor function and regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Oda Y, et al. J Invest Dermatol, 2010 Oct. PMID 20520624, Free PMC Article

See all (69) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Co-expressed yeast MED21 and MED7 in E. coli to determine structure.
    Title: A conserved mediator hinge revealed in the structure of the MED7.MED21 (Med7.Srb7) heterodimer.
  2. Blocking MED1/MED21 expression caused hyperproliferation of keratinocytes
    Title: The transcriptional coactivator DRIP/mediator complex is involved in vitamin D receptor function and regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
Knockdown of mediator complex subunit 21 (MED21) by siRNA inhibits HIV-1 replication in HeLa-derived TZM-bl cells PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat interacts with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, which includes SRB7, during Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Go to the top of the page

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables transcription coactivator activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables transcription coregulator activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in blastocyst development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein ubiquitination IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in somatic stem cell population maintenance IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of core mediator complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
part_of mediator complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of mediator complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of ubiquitin ligase complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 21
Names
RNA polymerase II holoenzyme component SRB7
RNAPII complex component SRB7
SRB7 suppressor of RNA polymerase B homolog

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001271811.2 → NP_001258740.1  mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 21 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice site in the coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC092747
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0S2Z545
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam11221
    Location:1 → 56
    Med21; Subunit 21 of Mediator complex

  2. NM_004264.5 → NP_004255.2  mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 21 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004255.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC092747
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8711.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R4I3, Q13503, Q6IB05, Q92811
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024RAW0, F5H872
    Related
    ENSP00000282892.3, ENST00000282892.4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam11221
    Location:1 → 127
    Med21; Subunit 21 of Mediator complex

RNA

  1. NR_073463.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC092747

  2. NR_073464.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate splice site, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC092747

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    27022558..27038951
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047429907.1 → XP_047285863.1  mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 21 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R4I3, Q13503, Q6IB05, Q92811
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024RAW0

  2. XM_047429905.1 → XP_047285861.1  mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 21 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R4I3, Q13503, Q6IB05, Q92811
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024RAW0

  3. XM_047429904.1 → XP_047285860.1  mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 21 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R4I3, Q13503, Q6IB05, Q92811
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024RAW0

  4. XM_047429906.1 → XP_047285862.1  mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 21 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R4I3, Q13503, Q6IB05, Q92811
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A024RAW0

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    26894578..26902698
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q13503.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q13503

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous