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    STK24 serine/threonine kinase 24 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 8428, updated on 11-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    STK24provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    serine/threonine kinase 24provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:11403
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000102572 MIM:604984; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11403
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    MST3; STK3; MST3B; STE20; HEL-S-95
    Summary
    This gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that functions upstream of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. The encoded protein is cleaved into two chains by caspases; the N-terminal fragment (MST3/N) translocates to the nucleus and promotes programmed cells death. There is a pseudogene for this gene on chromosome X. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in esophagus (RPKM 41.4), skin (RPKM 24.6) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    13q32.2
    Exon count:
    12
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 13 NC_000013.11 (98445185..98577107, complement)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 13 NC_060937.1 (97652976..97785805, complement)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 13 NC_000013.10 (99097439..99229361, complement)

    Chromosome 13 - NC_000013.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene FERM, ARH/RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain protein 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105370327 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7899 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8978 Neighboring gene FARP1 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11628 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99115971-99116472 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99128412-99129611 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7904 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99133110-99133610 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7905 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99136594-99137285 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7908 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99148205-99149039 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7909 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7910 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7911 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99159381-99159980 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99158181-99158780 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99158781-99159380 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7912 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7913 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99172581-99173082 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7914 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7915 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7916 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7917 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99188643-99189506 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8410 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99220135-99220636 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr13:99222661-99223860 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9599 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5457 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5458 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5459 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5460 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7919 Neighboring gene STK24 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 7920 Neighboring gene NUS1 pseudogene 4

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK24 induces tumorigenesis by regulating the STAT3/VEGFA signaling pathway. Lai S, et al. J Biol Chem, 2023 Mar. PMID 36720310, Free PMC Article
    2. STK24 expression is modulated by DNA copy number/methylation in lung adenocarcinoma and predicts poor survival. Huang N, et al. Future Oncol, 2018 Sep. PMID 29557182
    3. Mammalian Ste20-like protein kinase 3 plays a role in hypoxia-induced apoptosis of trophoblast cell line 3A-sub-E. Wu HY, et al. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2011 May. PMID 21277991
    4. Structures of human MST3 kinase in complex with adenine, ADP and Mn2+. Ko TP, et al. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr, 2010 Feb. PMID 20124694
    5. Mammalian Ste20-like protein kinase 3 induces a caspase-independent apoptotic pathway. Lin CY, et al. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2010 Jan. PMID 19782762

    See all (91) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Protein Kinase STK24 Promotes Tumor Immune Evasion via the AKT-PD-L1 Axis.
      Title: Protein Kinase STK24 Promotes Tumor Immune Evasion via the AKT-PD-L1 Axis.
    2. STE20-type kinases MST3 and MST4 promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma: Evidence from human cell culture and expression profiling of liver biopsies.
      Title: STE20-type kinases MST3 and MST4 promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma: Evidence from human cell culture and expression profiling of liver biopsies.
    3. Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK24 induces tumorigenesis by regulating the STAT3/VEGFA signaling pathway.
      Title: Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK24 induces tumorigenesis by regulating the STAT3/VEGFA signaling pathway.
    4. STK24 modulates excitatory synaptic transmission in epileptic hippocampal neurons.
      Title: STK24 modulates excitatory synaptic transmission in epileptic hippocampal neurons.
    5. MST3 protein coats lipid droplets in human liver cells. Knockdown of MST3 attenuated lipid accumulation in human hepatocytes by stimulating beta-oxidation and triacylglycerol secretion while inhibiting fatty acid influx and lipid synthesis. MST3 expression was positively correlated with key features of NASH in human liver biopsies.
      Title: Protein kinase MST3 modulates lipid homeostasis in hepatocytes and correlates with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in humans.
    6. Down-expression of MST3 in colorectal cancer cell lines enhanced their migration and invasion, but overexpression of MST3 could attenuate miR-222 overexpression in the promotion of migration and invasion in colorectal cell lines.
      Title: microRNA-222 promotes colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting MST3.
    7. Aberrant STK24 expression was an independent prognostic indicator in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Its dysregulation was associated with its DNA copy number alteration and methylation.
      Title: STK24 expression is modulated by DNA copy number/methylation in lung adenocarcinoma and predicts poor survival.
    8. High MST3 expression is associated with breast cancer.
      Title: MST3 promotes proliferation and tumorigenicity through the VAV2/Rac1 signal axis in breast cancer.
    9. This study demonistrated that MST3 kinase phosphorylates TAO1/2 to enable Myosin Va function in promoting spine synapse development.
      Title: MST3 kinase phosphorylates TAO1/2 to enable Myosin Va function in promoting spine synapse development.
    10. This review notes that in the SOK1 and MST4 germinal center kinase III family of proteins, exon 1 encodes a 5' untranslated region, but this is not the case for MST3.
      Title: SOcK, MiSTs, MASK and STicKs: the GCKIII (germinal centre kinase III) kinases and their heterologous protein-protein interactions.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    A comprehensive genetic association study of Alzheimer disease in African Americans.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Common genetic variants associated with cognitive performance identified using the proxy-phenotype method.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    GWAS of 126,559 individuals identifies genetic variants associated with educational attainment.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Joint influence of small-effect genetic variants on human longevity.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Screening in Jurkat T-cells with a short-hairpin-RNA (shRNA) library identifies serine/threonine kinase 24 STK24 is important for HIV-1 replication PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables cadherin binding HDA PubMed 
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cellular response to oxidative stress IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to starvation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in execution phase of apoptosis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of cell migration IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of axon regeneration IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein autophosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein autophosphorylation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of axon regeneration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in Golgi apparatus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in Golgi apparatus TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in Golgi membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in nucleolus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    serine/threonine-protein kinase 24
    Names
    STE20-like kinase 3
    STE20-like kinase MST3
    epididymis secretory protein Li 95
    mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 3
    serine/threonine kinase 24 (STE20 homolog, yeast)
    sterile 20-like kinase 3
    NP_001027467.2
    NP_001273578.1
    NP_003567.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001032296.4 → NP_001027467.2  serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 isoform b precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001027467.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL137249, AL356423
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS32001.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q5U0E6, Q6FG81, Q6P0Y1
      Related
      ENSP00000442539.2, ENST00000539966.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd06609
      Location:22 → 295
      STKc_MST3_like; Catalytic domain of Mammalian Ste20-like protein kinase 3-like Serine/Threonine Kinases

    2. NM_001286649.2 → NP_001273578.1  serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 isoform c precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001273578.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and contains multiple differences in the coding region, compard to variant 1, including initiation of translation at an alternate start codon. The encoded isoform (c) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL137249, AL356423
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS66573.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DR80, Q6FG81, Q6P0Y1
      Related
      ENSP00000380651.3, ENST00000397517.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd06609
      Location:22 → 276
      STKc_MST3_like; Catalytic domain of Mammalian Ste20-like protein kinase 3-like Serine/Threonine Kinases

    3. NM_003576.5 → NP_003567.2  serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 isoform a precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003567.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (a, also known as MST3b).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL137249, AL356423
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS9488.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O14840, Q5JV92, Q9Y6E0
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FG81, Q6P0Y1
      Related
      ENSP00000365730.3, ENST00000376547.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd06609
      Location:34 → 307
      STKc_MST3_like; Catalytic domain of Mammalian Ste20-like protein kinase 3-like Serine/Threonine Kinases

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000013.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      98445185..98577107 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060937.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      97652976..97785805 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9Y6E0.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9Y6E0

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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