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    VIP vasoactive intestinal peptide [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 7432, updated on 11-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    VIPprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    vasoactive intestinal peptideprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:12693
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000146469 MIM:192320; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12693
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PHM27
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glucagon family. It stimulates myocardial contractility, causes vasodilation, increases glycogenolysis, lowers arterial blood pressure and relaxes the smooth muscle of trachea, stomach and gall bladder. The protein also acts as an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal activity. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
    Expression
    Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 33.5), colon (RPKM 12.6) and 3 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    6q25.2
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (152750797..152759760)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (153952118..153961081)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (153071932..153080895)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105378061 Neighboring gene heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 pseudogene 16 Neighboring gene MYC target 1 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:153042324-153043523 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2840 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901440 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901439 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25290

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Human CD4(+)CD45RA(+) T Cells Behavior after In Vitro Activation: Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide. Villanueva-Romero R, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2022 Feb 20. PMID 35216459, Free PMC Article
    2. VIP modulates human macrophages phenotype via FPRL1 via activation of RhoA-GTPase and PLC pathways. Harhous Z, et al. Inflamm Res, 2021 Mar. PMID 33502586
    3. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Secreting Tumors: A Review. Siddappa PK, et al. Pancreas, 2019 Oct. PMID 31609932
    4. Vasoactive intestinal peptide alleviates food allergy via restoring regulatory B cell functions. Zeng HT, et al. Immunobiology, 2019 Nov. PMID 31471097
    5. The Neuropeptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Levels in Serum are Inversely Related to Disease Severity of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Wang W, et al. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers, 2019 Jul. PMID 31157986

    See all (163) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Sympathetic System in Wound Healing: Multistage Control in Normal and Diabetic Skin.
      Title: Sympathetic System in Wound Healing: Multistage Control in Normal and Diabetic Skin.
    2. Donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells limit graft-versus-host disease through vasoactive intestinal polypeptide expression.
      Title: Donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells limit graft-versus-host disease through vasoactive intestinal polypeptide expression.
    3. Human CD4(+)CD45RA(+) T Cells Behavior after In Vitro Activation: Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide.
      Title: Human CD4(+)CD45RA(+) T Cells Behavior after In Vitro Activation: Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide.
    4. Significance of serum VIP and PACAP in multiple sclerosis: an exploratory case-control study.
      Title: Significance of serum VIP and PACAP in multiple sclerosis: an exploratory case-control study.
    5. Changes in ghrelin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in the gastroduodenal mucosa of patients with morbid obesity.
      Title: Changes in ghrelin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in the gastroduodenal mucosa of patients with morbid obesity.
    6. VIP modulates human macrophages phenotype via FPRL1 via activation of RhoA-GTPase and PLC pathways.
      Title: VIP modulates human macrophages phenotype via FPRL1 via activation of RhoA-GTPase and PLC pathways.
    7. Vasopressin in circadian function of SCN.
      Title: Vasopressin in circadian function of SCN.
    8. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Secreting Tumors: A Review.
      Title: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Secreting Tumors: A Review.
    9. The plasma levels of VIP observed in gastric cancer group were lower than in colorectal cancer patients (p = 0.01).
      Title: Changes in plasma levels of cholecystokinin, neurotensin, VIP and PYY in gastric and colorectal cancer - Preliminary results.
    10. Insufficient VIP levels in the microenvironment speeds IL-10 mRNA decay to cause regulatory B cell dysfunction. Administration of VIP can inhibit experimental colitis, suggesting the translational potential of VIP in the treatment of IgE(+) ulcerative colitis.
      Title: Vasoactive intestinal peptide stabilizes intestinal immune homeostasis through maintaining interleukin-10 expression in regulatory B cells.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (106)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env VIP is more potent at suppressing M-tropic than T-tropic HIV-1 gp120 chemotaxis PubMed
    env Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) blocks HIV-1 gp120-induced neurotoxicity in culture PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC13587

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables hormone activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables neuropeptide hormone activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables peptide hormone receptor binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables peptide hormone receptor binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in body fluid secretion TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in epinephrine secretion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mRNA stabilization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in prolactin secretion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of protein localization IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of protein localization IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in neuron projection IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    VIP peptides
    Names
    prepro-VIP

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_003381.4 → NP_003372.1  VIP peptides isoform 1 preproprotein

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003372.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC009794, BM971673, DA914915
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5240.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P01282, Q5TCY8, Q5TCY9, Q96QK3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K7E4
      Related
      ENSP00000356213.3, ENST00000367244.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00123
      Location:81 → 107
      Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

    2. NM_194435.3 → NP_919416.1  VIP peptides isoform 2 preproprotein

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_919416.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame segment, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC009794, BM971673, DA914915
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5241.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K7E4
      Related
      ENSP00000356212.3, ENST00000367243.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00123
      Location:81 → 107
      Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      152750797..152759760
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006715562.5 → XP_006715625.1  VIP peptides isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006715625.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K7E4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00123
      Location:81 → 107
      Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

    2. XM_005267135.4 → XP_005267192.1  VIP peptides isoform X2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005267192.1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K7E4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00123
      Location:81 → 107
      Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      153952118..153961081
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054356314.1 → XP_054212289.1  VIP peptides isoform X1

    2. XM_054356315.1 → XP_054212290.1  VIP peptides isoform X2

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P01282.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P01282

    Gene LinkOut

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