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    Tpx2 TPX2, microtubule-associated [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 72119, updated on 30-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Tpx2provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    TPX2, microtubule-associatedprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1919369
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000027469 AllianceGenome:MGI:1919369
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    DIL2; p100; REPP86; 2610005B21Rik
    Summary
    Enables importin-alpha family protein binding activity and protein kinase binding activity. Involved in mitotic spindle assembly and regulation of mitotic spindle organization. Located in axon hillock and spindle. Is expressed in nephrogenic zone. Orthologous to human TPX2 (TPX2 microtubule nucleation factor). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Biased expression in CNS E11.5 (RPKM 33.6), liver E14 (RPKM 29.8) and 10 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    2 H1; 2 75.41 cM
    Exon count:
    18
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 2 NC_000068.8 (152689859..152737241)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 2 NC_000068.7 (152847964..152895321)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000068.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene predicted gene, 32057 Neighboring gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I2 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06077 Neighboring gene BCL2-like 1 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152614671-152614780 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152615325-152615529 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06078 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152620177-152620625 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06080 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 32211 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152642211-152642412 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr2:152642094-152642203 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06082 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr2:152651505-152651806 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr2:152656963-152657264 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E514 Neighboring gene microRNA 5622 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_06083 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10154 Neighboring gene myosin, light polypeptide kinase 2, skeletal muscle Neighboring gene forkhead box S1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Tpx2 controls spindle integrity, genome stability, and tumor development. Aguirre-Portolés C, et al. Cancer Res, 2012 Mar 15. PMID 22266221
    2. Regulation of interkinetic nuclear migration by cell cycle-coupled active and passive mechanisms in the developing brain. Kosodo Y, et al. EMBO J, 2011 May 4. PMID 21441895, Free PMC Article
    3. Downregulation of TPX2 impairs the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Wang X, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2022 Mar 10. PMID 35273149, Free PMC Article
    4. Ran-dependent TPX2 activation promotes acentrosomal microtubule nucleation in neurons. Chen WS, et al. Sci Rep, 2017 Feb 13. PMID 28205572, Free PMC Article
    5. TPX2 regulates the localization and activity of Eg5 in the mammalian mitotic spindle. Ma N, et al. J Cell Biol, 2011 Oct 3. PMID 21969468, Free PMC Article

    See all (39) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Downregulation of TPX2 impairs the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.
      Title: Downregulation of TPX2 impairs the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.
    2. Depleting TPX2 decreases microtubule formation frequency specifically at the tip and the base of the neurite, and these correlate precisely with the regions where active GTP-bound Ran proteins are enriched.
      Title: Ran-dependent TPX2 activation promotes acentrosomal microtubule nucleation in neurons.
    3. Bcl2l10, Tpx2, and Aurka co-localized on the meiotic spindles, and Bcl2l10 was present in the same complex with Tpx2.
      Title: Bcl2l10, a new Tpx2 binding partner, is a master regulator of Aurora kinase A in mouse oocytes.
    4. Study demonstrates that the Golgi resident protein GM130 activates the spindle assembly factor TPX2 to nucleate microtubules around the Golgi and further captures them to couple mitotic membranes to the spindle.
      Title: GM130 Regulates Golgi-Derived Spindle Assembly by Activating TPX2 and Capturing Microtubules.
    5. The findings indicated that Tpx2 is essential for maintaining genomic stability through its role in spindle regulation.
      Title: Tpx2 controls spindle integrity, genome stability, and tumor development.
    6. Tpx2 redistributes from the nucleus to the apical process, and promotes nuclear migration during G2-phase by altering microtubule organization.
      Title: Regulation of interkinetic nuclear migration by cell cycle-coupled active and passive mechanisms in the developing brain.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (1) 
    • Gene trapped (3)  1 citation

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables importin-alpha family protein binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables importin-alpha family protein binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables molecular adaptor activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in activation of protein kinase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cell cycle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cell division IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in microtubule nucleation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in mitotic spindle assembly IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in mitotic spindle assembly ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within spindle assembly ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in aster ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in axon hillock IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoskeleton IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in intercellular bridge ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in microtubule IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in microtubule cytoskeleton ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitotic spindle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in spindle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in spindle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    colocalizes_with spindle pole ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    targeting protein for Xklp2
    Names
    TPX2, microtubule-associated protein homolog

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001141975.1 → NP_001135447.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135447.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK090101, AK167030, BC060619, CJ163921
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS16900.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000136457.2, ENSMUST00000178997.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

    2. NM_001141976.1 → NP_001135448.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135448.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK167030, BC060619, BU148033, CJ163921
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS16900.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

    3. NM_001141977.1 → NP_001135449.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135449.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK167030, BC060619, CA558942, CJ163921
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS16900.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000128888.2, ENSMUST00000164120.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

    4. NM_001141978.1 → NP_001135450.1  targeting protein for Xklp2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001135450.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK090101, AK167030, BC060619, CJ163921
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS16900.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000105441.2, ENSMUST00000109816.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

    5. NM_028109.4 → NP_082385.3  targeting protein for Xklp2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_082385.3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR, compared to variant 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK167030, BC060619, CJ163921
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS16900.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000028969.9, ENSMUST00000028969.9
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000068.8 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      152689859..152737241
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006500213.3 → XP_006500276.1  targeting protein for Xklp2 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006500276.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

    2. XM_006500215.3 → XP_006500278.1  targeting protein for Xklp2 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006500278.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein

    3. XM_006500214.3 → XP_006500277.1  targeting protein for Xklp2 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006500277.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A2APB8, Q3U500, Q6P9S6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8BTJ3
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam06886
      Location:661 → 717
      TPX2; Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2)
      pfam09041
      Location:1 → 68
      Aurora-A_bind; Aurora-A binding
      pfam12214
      Location:367 → 489
      TPX2_importin; Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    A2APB8.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:A2APB8

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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