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    Padi6 peptidyl arginine deiminase, type VI [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 242726, updated on 21-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Padi6provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    peptidyl arginine deiminase, type VIprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:2655198
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000040935 AllianceGenome:MGI:2655198
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    P75; Pad6; ePAD; Padi5
    Summary
    Enables protein-arginine deiminase activity. Involved in embryonic cleavage. Acts upstream of or within cellular protein metabolic process; cytoplasm organization; and cytoskeleton organization. Located in cortical granule and intermediate filament cytoskeleton. Is expressed in 2-cell stage embryo; ileum; and reproductive system. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in infertility. Orthologous to human PADI6 (peptidyl arginine deiminase 6). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Restricted expression toward ovary adult (RPKM 37.0) See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    4 D3; 4 72.26 cM
    Exon count:
    16
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 4 NC_000070.7 (140454666..140469954, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 4 NC_000070.6 (140727355..140742643, complement)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000070.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E6247 Neighboring gene predicted gene 13025 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_11875 Neighboring gene regulator of chromosome condensation 2 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E8005 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr4:140306464-140306665 Neighboring gene peptidyl arginine deiminase, type IV Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr4:140338844-140339025 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 52482 Neighboring gene peptidyl arginine deiminase, type III

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Regulation of mouse oocyte microtubule and organelle dynamics by PADI6 and the cytoplasmic lattices. Kan R, et al. Dev Biol, 2011 Feb 15. PMID 21147087, Free PMC Article
    2. Role for PADI6 in securing the mRNA-MSY2 complex to the oocyte cytoplasmic lattices. Liu X, et al. Cell Cycle, 2017 Feb 16. PMID 27929740, Free PMC Article
    3. Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) 6 is essential for oocyte cytoskeletal sheet formation and female fertility. Esposito G, et al. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 2007 Jul 15. PMID 17587491
    4. Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) is a mouse cortical granule protein that plays a role in preimplantation embryonic development. Liu M, et al. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 2005 Sep 1. PMID 16137333, Free PMC Article
    5. ePAD, an oocyte and early embryo-abundant peptidylarginine deiminase-like protein that localizes to egg cytoplasmic sheets. Wright PW, et al. Dev Biol, 2003 Apr 1. PMID 12654293

    See all (34) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. A maternal-effect Padi6 variant causes nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities in oocytes, as well as failure of epigenetic reprogramming and zygotic genome activation in embryos.
      Title: A maternal-effect Padi6 variant causes nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities in oocytes, as well as failure of epigenetic reprogramming and zygotic genome activation in embryos.
    2. mRNAs, possibly in a complex with MSY2 and PADI6, are bound in the cytoplasmic lattices (CPLs) and may play a role in securing the mRNA-MSY2 complex to the CPLs.
      Title: Role for PADI6 in securing the mRNA-MSY2 complex to the oocyte cytoplasmic lattices.
    3. Mutations in PADI6 Cause Female Infertility Characterized by Early Embryonic Arrest
      Title: Mutations in PADI6 Cause Female Infertility Characterized by Early Embryonic Arrest.
    4. PADI6/cytoplasmic lattice superstructure plays a key role in regulating microtubule-mediated organelle positioning and movement.
      Title: Regulation of mouse oocyte microtubule and organelle dynamics by PADI6 and the cytoplasmic lattices.
    5. Phosphorylation and/or YWHA binding may serve as a means of intracellular PADI6 regulation.
      Title: Phosphorylation-dependent interaction of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein (YWHA) with PADI6 following oocyte maturation in mice.
    6. embryonic genome activation (EGA) is defective in Padi6-/- two-cell embryos
      Title: Role for PADI6 and the cytoplasmic lattices in ribosomal storage in oocytes and translational control in the early mouse embryo.
    7. Inactivation of the PAD6 gene in mice leads to female infertility whereas male fertility is not affected.
      Title: Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) 6 is essential for oocyte cytoskeletal sheet formation and female fertility.
    8. localized to egg cytoplasmic sheets; possible role for ePAD in cytoskeletal reorganization in the egg and early embryo
      Title: ePAD, an oocyte and early embryo-abundant peptidylarginine deiminase-like protein that localizes to egg cytoplasmic sheets.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables calcium ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables hydrolase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein-arginine deiminase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein-arginine deiminase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cytoplasm organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cytoskeleton organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in embryonic cleavage IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within protein localization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of translation by machinery localization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cortical granule IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasmic vesicle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in intermediate filament cytoskeleton IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    protein-arginine deiminase type-6
    Names
    arginine deiminase-like protein
    egg and embryo abundant PAD
    peptidyl arginine deiminase, egg and embryo abundant
    peptidylarginine deiminase VI
    protein-arginine deiminase type VI
    NP_694746.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_153106.2 → NP_694746.2  protein-arginine deiminase type-6

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_694746.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AK139616, BC053724, CJ202890
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS38936.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q75WC6, Q8K3V4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000044044.5, ENSMUST00000038749.11
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      pfam03068
      Location:283 → 679
      PAD; Protein-arginine deiminase (PAD)
      pfam08526
      Location:1 → 112
      PAD_N; Protein-arginine deiminase (PAD) N-terminal domain
      pfam08527
      Location:114 → 262
      PAD_M; Protein-arginine deiminase (PAD) middle domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000070.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      140454666..140469954 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8K3V4.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8K3V4

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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