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    Xist inactive X specific transcripts [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 213742, updated on 16-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Xistprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    inactive X specific transcriptsprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:98974
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000086503 AllianceGenome:MGI:98974
    Gene type
    ncRNA
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    A430022B11
    Summary
    X inactivation is an early developmental process in mammalian females that transcriptionally silences one of the pair of X chromosomes, thus providing dosage equivalence between males and females. The process is regulated by several factors, including a region of chromosome X called the X inactivation center (XIC). The XIC comprises several non-coding and protein-coding genes, and this gene was the first non-coding gene identified within the XIC. This gene is expressed exclusively from the XIC of the inactive X chromosome. It is essential for the initiation and spread of X-inactivation. It silences hundreds of genes by recruiting and tethering repressive chromatin-modifying complexes to the inactive X chromosome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]
    Expression
    Broad expression in limb E14.5 (RPKM 75.7), CNS E11.5 (RPKM 39.9) and 19 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

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    See Xist in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    X D; X 46.15 cM
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) X NC_000086.8 (102503979..102526839, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) X NC_000086.7 (103460373..103483233, complement)

    Chromosome X - NC_000086.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_47688 Neighboring gene predicted gene 9516 Neighboring gene cysteine-rich hydrophobic domain 1 Neighboring gene testis specific X-linked gene Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_47691 Neighboring gene origin of replication in Tsix Neighboring gene X (inactive)-specific transcript, opposite strand Neighboring gene origin of replication in exon 1 of Xist Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S12, pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene predicted gene 14861

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. IncRNA XIST Promotes Cardiac Fibrosis in Mice with Diabetic Nephropathy via Sponging miR-106a-5p to Target RUNX1. Xu J, et al. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr, 2023. PMID 36734857
    2. Xist exerts gene-specific silencing during XCI maintenance and impacts lineage-specific cell differentiation and proliferation during hematopoiesis. Yang T, et al. Nat Commun, 2022 Aug 1. PMID 35915095, Free PMC Article
    3. LncRNA XIST promotes mitochondrial dysfunction of hepatocytes to aggravate hepatic fibrogenesis via miR-539-3p/ADAMTS5 axis. Wu XJ, et al. Mol Cell Biochem, 2023 Feb. PMID 35794289
    4. Elastic dosage compensation by X-chromosome upregulation. Lentini A, et al. Nat Commun, 2022 Apr 6. PMID 35388014, Free PMC Article
    5. lncRNA XIST induces Aβ accumulation and neuroinflammation by the epigenetic repression of NEP in Alzheimer's disease. Yan XW, et al. J Neurogenet, 2022 Mar. PMID 35098860

    See all (366) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Long noncoding RNA XIST inhibition promotes Leydig cell apoptosis by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-145a-5p that targets SIRT1 in late-onset hypogonadism.
      Title: Long noncoding RNA XIST inhibition promotes Leydig cell apoptosis by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-145a-5p that targets SIRT1 in late-onset hypogonadism.
    2. Xist ribonucleoproteins promote female sex-biased autoimmunity.
      Title: Xist ribonucleoproteins promote female sex-biased autoimmunity.
    3. Gender dimorphism in hepatocarcinogenesis-DNA methylation modification regulated X-chromosome inactivation escape molecule XIST.
      Title: Gender dimorphism in hepatocarcinogenesis-DNA methylation modification regulated X-chromosome inactivation escape molecule XIST.
    4. GATA transcription factors drive initial Xist upregulation after fertilization through direct activation of long-range enhancers.
      Title: GATA transcription factors drive initial Xist upregulation after fertilization through direct activation of long-range enhancers.
    5. IncRNA XIST Promotes Cardiac Fibrosis in Mice with Diabetic Nephropathy via Sponging miR-106a-5p to Target RUNX1.
      Title: IncRNA XIST Promotes Cardiac Fibrosis in Mice with Diabetic Nephropathy via Sponging miR-106a-5p to Target RUNX1.
    6. LncRNA XIST promotes mitochondrial dysfunction of hepatocytes to aggravate hepatic fibrogenesis via miR-539-3p/ADAMTS5 axis.
      Title: LncRNA XIST promotes mitochondrial dysfunction of hepatocytes to aggravate hepatic fibrogenesis via miR-539-3p/ADAMTS5 axis.
    7. XIST silencing alleviated inflammation and mesangial cells proliferation in diabetic nephropathy by sponging miR-485.
      Title: XIST silencing alleviated inflammation and mesangial cells proliferation in diabetic nephropathy by sponging miR-485.
    8. Extracellular vesicle expansion of PMIS-miR-210 expression inhibits colorectal tumour growth via apoptosis and an XIST/NME1 regulatory mechanism.
      Title: Extracellular vesicle expansion of PMIS-miR-210 expression inhibits colorectal tumour growth via apoptosis and an XIST/NME1 regulatory mechanism.
    9. Adipose-derived stem cells-derived exosomes facilitate cutaneous wound healing by delivering XIST and restoring discoidin domain receptor 2.
      Title: Adipose-derived stem cells-derived exosomes facilitate cutaneous wound healing by delivering XIST and restoring discoidin domain receptor 2.
    10. Negative pressure promotes macrophage M1 polarization after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection via the lncRNA XIST/microRNA-125b-5p/A20/NF-kappaB axis.
      Title: Negative pressure promotes macrophage M1 polarization after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection via the lncRNA XIST/microRNA-125b-5p/A20/NF-κB axis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (140)

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Targeted (26)  1 citation
    • Endonuclease-mediated (1) 

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ribonucleoprotein complex binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genomic imprinting IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within random inactivation of X chromosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within random inactivation of X chromosome IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within spongiotrophoblast differentiation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in X chromosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in chromosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nuclear body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    RNA

    1. NR_001463.3 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL669964
      Related
      ENSMUST00000127786.4

    2. NR_001570.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) is alternatively spliced in the 3' end and is shorter compared to variant 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL669964

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000086.8 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      102503979..102526839 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version

    Gene LinkOut

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