Twsg1 twisted gastrulation BMP signaling modulator 1 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Twsg1provided by MGI
Official Full Name: twisted gastrulation BMP signaling modulator 1provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:2137520
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000024098 AllianceGenome:MGI:2137520
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Tsg; Twg; D17Ertd403e; 1810013J15Rik; 9030422N06Rik
Summary: Predicted to enable transforming growth factor beta binding activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including animal organ development; negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation; and regulation of BMP signaling pathway. Located in extracellular space. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; genitourinary system; gut; sensory organ; and skeleton. Orthologous to human TWSG1 (twisted gastrulation BMP signaling modulator 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in lung adult (RPKM 36.7), bladder adult (RPKM 34.8) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 17 E1.1; 17 35.26 cM

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	17	NC_000083.7 (66230060..66258198, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	17	NC_000083.6 (65923065..65951187, complement)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000083.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Our results show that BMP binding is required for TWSG1-mediated inhibition of osteoclast formation and function, and validate the critical functional regions within the TWSG1 protein for these interactions
Title: The Function of Twisted Gastrulation in Regulating Osteoclast Differentiation is Dependent on BMP Binding.
The goal of this study was to examine whether mice carrying a mutation in a gene encoding Twsg1, which is associated with a low penetrance of holoprosencephaly, are sensitized to retinoic acid teratogenesis.
Title: Impact of retinoic acid exposure on midfacial shape variation and manifestation of holoprosencephaly in Twsg1 mutant mice.
BMP-binding protein twisted gastrulation is required in mammary gland epithelium for normal ductal elongation and myoepithelial compartmentalization.
Title: BMP-binding protein twisted gastrulation is required in mammary gland epithelium for normal ductal elongation and myoepithelial compartmentalization.
Data show that Bmp4, Bmp7, Gremlin and Twisted gastrulation (Twsg1) are all expressed in the thymus and expression was clearly different for each gene investigated.
Title: Compartmentalization of bone morphogenetic proteins and their antagonists in lymphoid progenitors and supporting microenvironments and functional implications.
suggesting that Twsg1 expression in B cells serves to interpret BMP signals on a per-cell basis
Title: Involvement of twisted gastrulation in T cell-independent plasma cell production.
These results demonstrate that phenotypic variability in Twsg1-/- mice is associated with differential expression of certain developmentally regulated genes, and that craniofacial defects can be partially rescued by reduced p53 levels.
Title: The molecular and cellular basis of variable craniofacial phenotypes and their genetic rescue in Twisted gastrulation mutant mice.
TWSG1 overexpression inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation
Title: Bone morphogenetic protein 2 signaling in osteoclasts is negatively regulated by the BMP antagonist, twisted gastrulation.
TWSG1 appears to be the main regulator of BMP present in CP.
Title: The expression of twisted gastrulation in postnatal mouse brain and functional implications.
Cv2 enhances pro-BMP activity of Tsg.
Title: Cv2, functioning as a pro-BMP factor via twisted gastrulation, is required for early development of nephron precursors.
A novel and previously uncharacterized role is presented for TWSG1 in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis through regulation of bone morphogenetic proteins activity.
Title: Enhanced osteoclastogenesis causes osteopenia in twisted gastrulation-deficient mice through increased BMP signaling.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (21)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Targeted (6) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH127159 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:167212

AW552143 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:181050

Twsg1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:495958

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:237682

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables heparin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables transforming growth factor beta binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within BMP signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within camera-type eye development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within chondrocyte differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within embryo development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within forebrain development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within forebrain development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within hemopoiesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within mesoderm formation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of cytokine production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within ossification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of BMP signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within salivary gland morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within tissue development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1

Names: twisted gastrulation homolog 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_023053.4 → NP_075540.1 twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_075540.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC121299, CT025659

Consensus CDS

CCDS28942.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q8CCB1, Q8CEM6, Q99K77, Q9EP52, Q9ERN7

Related

ENSMUSP00000024906.5, ENSMUST00000024906.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04668
Location:87 → 221

Tsg; Twisted gastrulation (Tsg) protein conserved region

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000083.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Range

66230060..66258198 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_036160742.1 → XP_036016635.1 twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1 isoform X1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam04668
Location:18 → 152

Tsg; Twisted gastrulation (Tsg) protein conserved region