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    Cd68 CD68 antigen [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 12514, updated on 21-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Cd68provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    CD68 antigenprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:88342
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000018774 AllianceGenome:MGI:88342
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Lamp4; gp110; Scard1
    Summary
    Involved in several processes, including cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus; and negative regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. Acts upstream of or within aging and cellular response to organic substance. Located in lysosome and plasma membrane. Is expressed in several structures, including central nervous system; embryo mesenchyme; heart blood vessel; liver; and spleen. Orthologous to human CD68 (CD68 molecule). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in spleen adult (RPKM 35.5), thymus adult (RPKM 25.5) and 26 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    11 B3; 11 42.86 cM
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 11 NC_000077.7 (69555039..69556996, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 11 NC_000077.6 (69664213..69666170, complement)

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 15 Neighboring gene mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E3965 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr11:69476301-69476484 Neighboring gene microRNA 1934 Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 24029 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 25835

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Myeloid-restricted CD68 deficiency attenuates atherosclerosis via inhibition of ROS-MAPK-apoptosis axis. Duan L, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis, 2023 Jun. PMID 36965676
    2. The class D scavenger receptor CD68 contributes to mouse chronic liver injury. Yang L, et al. Immunol Res, 2018 Jun. PMID 29804196
    3. Osteoclast precursors do not express CD68: results from CD68 promoter-driven RANK transgenic mice. Jackson MF, et al. FEBS Lett, 2017 Mar. PMID 28173622, Free PMC Article
    4. Genetic ablation of CD68 results in mice with increased bone and dysfunctional osteoclasts. Ashley JW, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 21991369, Free PMC Article
    5. Tumor progression stage and anatomical site regulate tumor-associated macrophage and bone marrow-derived monocyte polarization. Redente EF, et al. Am J Pathol, 2010 Jun. PMID 20431028, Free PMC Article

    See all (104) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Microglial CD68 and L-ferritin upregulation in response to phosphorylated-TDP-43 pathology in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain.
      Title: Microglial CD68 and L-ferritin upregulation in response to phosphorylated-TDP-43 pathology in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain.
    2. Myeloid-restricted CD68 deficiency attenuates atherosclerosis via inhibition of ROS-MAPK-apoptosis axis.
      Title: Myeloid-restricted CD68 deficiency attenuates atherosclerosis via inhibition of ROS-MAPK-apoptosis axis.
    3. Autophagic reprogramming of bone marrow-derived macrophages.
      Title: Autophagic reprogramming of bone marrow-derived macrophages.
    4. Scavenger receptor CD68 antigen plays a role in chronic liver injury, which has implications for the design of anti-fibrotic therapies.
      Title: The class D scavenger receptor CD68 contributes to mouse chronic liver injury.
    5. Findings indicate that human CD68 and its mouse ortholog macrosialin located in the lysosomal membrane and share many structural similarities.
      Title: CD68/macrosialin: not just a histochemical marker.
    6. Myeloid osteoclast precursors do not express CD68.
      Title: Osteoclast precursors do not express CD68: results from CD68 promoter-driven RANK transgenic mice.
    7. CD68, a putative receptor for sporozoite invasion of Kupffer cells that acts as a gateway for malaria infection of the liver.
      Title: CD68 acts as a major gateway for malaria sporozoite liver infection.
    8. Results showed that activated microglia in Alzheimer's disease-like mice showed two-step transition: a CD68-negative activated form at 6-9 months and a CD68-positive form from 12 months of age
      Title: Temporal changes of CD68 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in microglia in Alzheimer's disease-like mouse models.
    9. Statins promote the beneficial remodeling of plaques in diseased mouse arteries through the stimulation of the CCR7 / CD68 emigration pathway in macrophages
      Title: Statins promote the regression of atherosclerosis via activation of the CCR7-dependent emigration pathway in macrophages.
    10. These findings demonstrate a role for CD68 in the function of osteoclasts.
      Title: Genetic ablation of CD68 results in mice with increased bone and dysfunctional osteoclasts.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Gene trapped (1) 
    • Targeted (4)  1 citation
    • Endonuclease-mediated (8) 

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in autocrine signaling ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to organic substance IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in establishment of protein localization to organelle IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in endosome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in late endosome membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in lysosomal membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in lysosomal membrane RCA
    inferred from Reviewed Computational Analysis
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in lysosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    macrosialin

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001291058.1 → NP_001277987.1  macrosialin precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001277987.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the functional protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW123877, BY210951, X68273
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS70216.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O54688, O70321, P31996, Q3S4A9, Q5F2A8, Q9DD15
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0R4J1C8
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000018918.6, ENSMUST00000018918.12
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam01299
      Location:36 → 326
      Lamp; Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein (Lamp)
      pfam05647
      Location:43 → 102
      Epiglycanin_TR; Tandem-repeating region of mucin, epiglycanin-like

    RNA

    1. NR_110993.1 RNA Sequence

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the predicted protein does not meet RefSeq quality criteria.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW123877, BY207885, BY210951, X68273

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000077.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      69555039..69556996 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_009853.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_009853.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein.
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P31996.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P31996

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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