RP2 RP2 activator of ARL3 GTPase [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: RP2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: RP2 activator of ARL3 GTPaseprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:10274
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000102218 MIM:300757; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10274
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: XRP2; NME10; TBCCD2; NM23-H10; DELXp11.3
Summary: The RP2 locus has been implicated as one cause of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa. The predicted gene product shows homology with human cofactor C, a protein involved in the ultimate step of beta-tubulin folding. Progressive retinal degeneration may therefore be due to the accumulation of incorrectly-folded photoreceptor or neuron-specific tubulin isoforms followed by progressive cell death [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 18.5), placenta (RPKM 13.6) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: Xp11.3

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	X	NC_000023.11 (46837043..46882358)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	X	NC_060947.1 (46244009..46289363)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	X	NC_000023.10 (46696478..46741793)

Chromosome X - NC_000023.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

A Novel Arg120Pro Mutation in the RP2 Gene in an Iranian Family with X-linked Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Case Report.
Title: A Novel Arg120Pro Mutation in the RP2 Gene in an Iranian Family with X-linked Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Case Report.
Genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of RP2- and RPGR-associated X-linked inherited retinal dystrophy, including female manifestations.
Title: Genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of RP2- and RPGR-associated X-linked inherited retinal dystrophy, including female manifestations.
Mechanism of Guanosine Triphosphate Hydrolysis by the Visual Proteins Arl3-RP2: Free Energy Reaction Profiles Computed with Ab Initio Type QM/MM Potentials.
Title: Mechanism of Guanosine Triphosphate Hydrolysis by the Visual Proteins Arl3-RP2: Free Energy Reaction Profiles Computed with Ab Initio Type QM/MM Potentials.
RP2-associated retinal disorder in a Japanese cohort: Report of novel variants and a literature review, identifying a genotype-phenotype association.
Title: RP2-associated retinal disorder in a Japanese cohort: Report of novel variants and a literature review, identifying a genotype-phenotype association.
Increasing the Genetic Diagnosis Yield in Inherited Retinal Dystrophies: Assigning Pathogenicity to Novel Non-canonical Splice Site Variants.
Title: Increasing the Genetic Diagnosis Yield in Inherited Retinal Dystrophies: Assigning Pathogenicity to Novel Non-canonical Splice Site Variants.
We utilized a structure-based approach to pinpoint the binding interface to a strictly conserved cluster of residues on the surface of RP2 that spans both the C- and N-terminal domains of the protein, and which is structurally distinct from the ARL3-binding site.RP2 is a positive regulator of cell motility in vitro, recruiting OSTF1 to the cell membrane and preventing its interaction with the migration regulator Myo1E.
Title: Characterization of a novel RP2-OSTF1 interaction and its implication for actin remodelling.
Data identified a novel RP2 missense mutation Q158P in a Chinese family with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP). RP2 Q158P located in the TBCC domain and destabilized RP2 protein in ARPE-19 cells.
Title: A novel RP2 missense mutation Q158P identified in an X-linked retinitis pigmentosa family impaired RP2 protein stability.
four frameshift mutations including three novel mutations of c.1059 + 1 G > T, c.2002dupC and c.2236_2237del CT, as well as a previously reported mutation of c.2899delG were detected in the RPGR gene in the other four families. Our study further expands the mutation spectrum of RP2 and RPGR, and will be helpful for further study molecular pathogenesis of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.
Title: Analysis of RP2 and RPGR Mutations in Five X-Linked Chinese Families with Retinitis Pigmentosa.
RP2 mutation would have a moderate pathogenic effect in photoreceptors carrying the mutation, causing abnormal outer segments, with the accumulation of lipofuscin similar to RDS/PRPH2 pattern dystrophy.
Title: Pattern dystrophy in a female carrier of RP2 mutation.
this study identifies ARL3 as a key player in prenylated protein trafficking in rod photoreceptor cells and establishes the potential role for ARL3 dysregulation in the pathogenesis of RP2-related forms of XLRP
Title: ARL3 regulates trafficking of prenylated phototransduction proteins to the rod outer segment.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (43)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Retinitis pigmentosa 2 MedGen: C2681923 OMIM: 312600 GeneReviews: Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa Overview	Compare labs

Copy number response

Description
Copy number response Triplosensitivity No evidence available (Last evaluated 2012-10-04) ClinGen Genome Curation Page Haploinsufficency Sufficient evidence for dosage pathogenicity (Last evaluated 2012-10-04) ClinGen Genome Curation PagePubMed

Variation

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See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D10S16 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:155756

D15S1477 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:474482

DXS7 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:29845

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activator activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables magnesium ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables unfolded protein binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cilium assembly	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
NOT involved_in post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein folding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in protein transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in visual perception	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in centriole	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in ciliary basal body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cilium	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cilium	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nuclear body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
is_active_in periciliary membrane compartment	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: protein XRP2

Names: RP2, ARL3 GTPase activating protein; retinitis pigmentosa 2 (X-linked recessive)

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.