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    KCNK16 potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 16 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 83795, updated on 5-Mar-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    KCNK16provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 16provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:14464
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000095981 MIM:607369; AllianceGenome:HGNC:14464
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    TALK1; TALK-1; K2p16.1
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of potassium channel proteins containing two pore-forming P domains. This channel is an open rectifier which primarily passes outward current under physiological K+ concentrations. This gene is expressed predominantly in the pancreas and is activated at alkaline pH. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2008]
    Expression
    Biased expression in stomach (RPKM 3.5), pancreas (RPKM 1.4) and 2 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    6p21.2
    Exon count:
    8
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (39314570..39322968, complement)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (39139109..39147515, complement)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (39282474..39290744, complement)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39170808-39172007 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39176709-39177666 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39177695-39178235 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_91581 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4644 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17163 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17164 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17165 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39197829-39198556 Neighboring gene potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 5 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39231061-39231786 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39231787-39232512 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39240749-39241250 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39241251-39241750 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39259242-39259743 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39264681-39265194 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17166 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24489 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr6:39271654-39271813 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375047 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24490 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24491 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39307295-39307796 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24492 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39311103-39311940 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39312615-39313116 Neighboring gene potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 17 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986594 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39321781-39322280 Neighboring gene ANKRD39 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene kinesin family member 6 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39384626-39385126 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:39422591-39423265 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24493 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24494 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24495 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr6:39500871-39501060 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr6:39508271-39508448 Neighboring gene E2F transcription factor 4 pseudogene 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Type 2 Diabetes-Associated K+ Channel TALK-1 Modulates β-Cell Electrical Excitability, Second-Phase Insulin Secretion, and Glucose Homeostasis. Vierra NC, et al. Diabetes, 2015 Nov. PMID 26239056, Free PMC Article
    2. TALK-1 channels control β cell endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) homeostasis. Vierra NC, et al. Sci Signal, 2017 Sep 19. PMID 28928238, Free PMC Article
    3. Osteopontin activates the diabetes-associated potassium channel TALK-1 in pancreatic β-cells. Dickerson MT, et al. PLoS One, 2017. PMID 28403169, Free PMC Article
    4. Functional properties of four splice variants of a human pancreatic tandem-pore K+ channel, TALK-1. Han J, et al. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 2003 Sep. PMID 12724142
    5. Genomic and functional characteristics of novel human pancreatic 2P domain K(+) channels. Girard C, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2001 Mar 23. PMID 11263999

    See all (19) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. data establish TALK-1 channels as key regulators of beta cell ER Ca(2+) and suggest that TALK-1 may be a therapeutic target to reduce ER Ca(2+) handling defects in beta cells during the pathogenesis of diabetes.
      Title: TALK-1 channels control β cell endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) homeostasis.
    2. The TALK-1/iOPN complex caused Vm hyperpolarization and reduced beta-cell glucose-stimulated Ca2+ influx, which is predicted to inhibit glucose stimulated insulin secretion.
      Title: Osteopontin activates the diabetes-associated potassium channel TALK-1 in pancreatic β-cells.
    3. These findings reveal TALK-1 channels as important modulators of second-phase insulin secretion and suggest a clinically relevant mechanism for rs1535500, which may increase type 2 diabetes risk by limiting glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
      Title: Type 2 Diabetes-Associated K+ Channel TALK-1 Modulates β-Cell Electrical Excitability, Second-Phase Insulin Secretion, and Glucose Homeostasis.
    4. at least two functional TALK-1 variants are present and may serve as background K+ currents in certain cells of the human pancreas.
      Title: Functional properties of four splice variants of a human pancreatic tandem-pore K+ channel, TALK-1.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide trans-ancestry meta-analysis provides insight into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes susceptibility.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies eight new loci for type 2 diabetes in east Asians.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC133123

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables outward rectifier potassium channel activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables potassium channel activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables potassium ion leak channel activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in potassium ion transmembrane transport IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within potassium ion transport IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in stabilization of membrane potential IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of monoatomic ion channel complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    potassium channel subfamily K member 16
    Names
    2P domain potassium channel Talk-1
    TWIK-related alkaline pH-activated K(+) channel 1
    pancreatic potassium channel Talk-1
    potassium channel, subfamily K, member 16
    potassium channel, two pore domain subfamily K, member 16

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001135105.2 → NP_001128577.1  potassium channel subfamily K member 16 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001128577.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1, also known as TALK-1c) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL136087, BC111860, BP387644, CA843225
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47421.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q96T55
      Related
      ENSP00000391498.2, ENST00000425054.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam07885
      Location:92 → 148
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    2. NM_001135106.2 → NP_001128578.1  potassium channel subfamily K member 16 isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001128578.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3, also known as TALK-1b) contains an alternative 3' terminal exon compared to transcript variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (3) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AF358909, AL136087, BC111860, CA843225, EU978943
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47422.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q96T55
      Related
      ENSP00000415375.2, ENST00000437525.3
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam07885
      Location:92 → 148
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    3. NM_001135107.2 → NP_001128579.1  potassium channel subfamily K member 16 isoform 4

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4, also known as TALK-1d) uses a different acceptor splice site at the 3' terminal exon compared to transcript variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (4) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL136087, BC111860, BP387644, CA843225
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47420.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q96T55
      Related
      ENSP00000362324.4, ENST00000373227.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam07885
      Location:92 → 148
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    4. NM_001363784.1 → NP_001350713.1  potassium channel subfamily K member 16 isoform 5

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence and in the 3' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (5) is shorter at the N-terminus and has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL136087
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS87391.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D6RC57
      Related
      ENSP00000423842.1, ENST00000507712.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam07885
      Location:27 → 83
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    5. NM_032115.4 → NP_115491.1  potassium channel subfamily K member 16 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_115491.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2, also known as TALK-1a) contains an additional coding exon and uses a different acceptor splice site at the 3' terminal exon compared to transcript variant 1, resulting in a shorter isoform (2) with a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AF358909, AL136087, BC111860, BP387644, CA843225
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4843.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B5TJL9, Q2M2N9, Q5TCF3, Q6X6Z3, Q6X6Z4, Q6X6Z5, Q96T55, Q9H591
      Related
      ENSP00000362326.5, ENST00000373229.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam07885
      Location:92 → 148
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      39314570..39322968 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_017011346.2 → XP_016866835.1  potassium channel subfamily K member 16 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q96T55
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam07885
      Location:92 → 148
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      39139109..39147515 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054356512.1 → XP_054212487.1  potassium channel subfamily K member 16 isoform X1

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q96T55.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q96T55

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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