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GEO help: Mouse over screen elements for information. |
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| Status |
Public on Jan 31, 2015 |
| Title |
Early reprogramming stages and regulators identified by prospective isolation and single cell mass cytometry |
| Organism |
Mus musculus |
| Experiment type |
Expression profiling by array
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| Summary |
In the context of most induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell reprogramming methods, heterogeneous populations of nonproductive and staggered productive intermediates arise at different reprogramming time points1-11. Despite recent reports claiming substantially increased reprogramming efficiencies using genetically modified donor cells12,13 prospectively isolating distinct reprogramming intermediates remains an important goal to decipher reprogramming mechanisms. Previous attempts to identify surface markers of intermediate cell populations were based on the assumption that during reprogramming the cells progressively lose donor cell identity and gradually acquire iPS cell properties1,2,7,8,10. Here, we report that iPS cell and epithelial markers, such as SSEA1 and EpCAM, respectively, are not predictive of reprogramming during early phases. Instead, in a systematic functional surface marker screen we find that early reprogramming-prone cells express a unique set of surface markers, including CD73, CD49d and CD200 that are absent in fibroblasts and iPS cells. Single cell mass cytometry and prospective isolation show that these distinct intermediates are transient and bridge the gap between donor cell silencing and pluripotency marker acquisition during the early, presumably stochastic reprogramming phase2. Expression profiling revealed that the transcriptional regulators Nr0b1 and Etv5 are specifically expressed in this early reprogramming state, preceding activation of key pluripotency regulators such as Rex1, Dppa2, Nanog and Sox2. Both factors are required for the generation of the early intermediate state and fully reprogrammed iPS cells, and thus mark some of the earliest known regulators of iPS cell induction. Our study shows an ordered sequence of transitions during the earliest steps of iPS cell reprogramming that deconvolutes the first steps in a hierarchical series of events that lead to pluripotency acquisition.
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| Overall design |
Samples for poised (CD73+ or CD49d+) and non-poised (CD73-) reprogramming samples were FACS sorted 6 and 9 days after induction of Klf4, Oct4, Sox2 and cMyc in Rosa-rtTA +/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). 'Total' populations are expression analyses for unsorted populations analyzed at the same time points. Control populations were also sampled: mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), partially reprogrammed cells (SC4) and mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC).
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| Contributor(s) |
Lujan E, Wernig M |
| Citation(s) |
25830878 |
| Submission date |
Nov 04, 2014 |
| Last update date |
Feb 21, 2018 |
| Contact name |
Marius Wernig |
| E-mail(s) |
wernig@stanford.edu
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| Organization name |
Stanford University
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| Department |
Pathology
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| Lab |
Wernig Lab
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| Street address |
265 Campus Drive, 3rd Floor
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| City |
Stanford |
| State/province |
CA |
| ZIP/Postal code |
94305 |
| Country |
USA |
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| Platforms (1) |
| GPL16570 |
[MoGene-2_0-st] Affymetrix Mouse Gene 2.0 ST Array [transcript (gene) version] |
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| Samples (11)
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA266290 |
| Supplementary file |
Size |
Download |
File type/resource |
| GSE62957_RAW.tar |
106.2 Mb |
(http)(custom) |
TAR (of CEL) |
| Processed data included within Sample table |
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