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GEO help: Mouse over screen elements for information. |
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| Status |
Public on Sep 27, 2007 |
| Title |
Genome-wide gene expression in HDAC5 wildtype and knockout mice treated with chronic cocaine or saline |
| Organism |
Mus musculus |
| Experiment type |
Expression profiling by array
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| Summary |
Some individuals are more vulnerable than others to chronic psychiatric illnesses, such as drug addiction or depression, but the neural and molecular mechanisms responsible for this are poorly understood. Although addiction and depression are known to have a strong genetic component, recent evidence has suggested that epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone acetylation, may also contribute. However, the mechanisms which integrate drugs of abuse or stress with changes in chromatin structure remain unclear. Here, we identify the activity-dependent class II histone deacetylase, HDAC5, as a central integrator of these stimuli with changes in chromatin structure and gene expression. We found that chronic, but not acute, exposure to cocaine or stress decreases HDAC5 function in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a major brain reward region, which allows for increased histone acetylation and transcription of HDAC5 target genes. This regulation is behaviorally important, as loss of HDAC5 causes hypersensitive responses to chronic, not acute, cocaine or stress. Coupling gene expression microarrays and several bioinformatic approaches, we have gone on to identify the most likely HDAC5 target genes responsible for the behavioral maladaptations. One HDAC5 target, the Substance P Receptor, is upregulated in HDAC5 knockout mice, has increased histone acetylation on its promoter, and modulates cocaine reward, as measured by conditioned place preference. These findings suggest that proper balance of histone acetylation is a crucial factor in the saliency of a given emotional stimulus, and that disruption of this balance is involved in the transition from normal adaptive responses to chronic psychiatric illness.
Keywords: genetic modification and its impact on cocaine responses in the nucleus accumbens
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| Overall design |
HDAC5 knockout mice and their wildtype littermate controls were injected i.p. with saline or 20 mg/kg cocaine for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, mice were sacrificed and their NAc were dissected. NAc from four mice were pooled. Total RNA was extracted from each pool, labeled, and hybridized to Illumina Mouse 6 V1.1 full genome microarrays. For the first 12 microarrays, 8 mice/condition (WT saline, WT cocaine, KO saline, KO cocaine), were pooled into 2 groups, resulting in 4 mice per array and a total of two biological replicates and four technical replicates. For the second 18 microarrays, a newly treated set of 16 mice/condition were pooled into 4 groups for a total of 4 mice per array. This resulted in 4 more biological replicates per condition and 2 more technical replicates. In total, 30 microarrays yielded 6 biological replicates and 6 technical replicates (1-2 technical replicates per condition). The goal of this experiment was to identify gene expression differences between HDAC5 knockout and wildtype mice that may underlie their behavioral differences in response to cocaine.
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| Citation(s) |
17988634 |
| Submission date |
Sep 21, 2007 |
| Last update date |
Mar 17, 2012 |
| Contact name |
Will Renthal |
| Organization name |
Brigham and Women's Hospital
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| Street address |
60 Fenwood Rd.
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| City |
Boston |
| State/province |
MA |
| ZIP/Postal code |
02115 |
| Country |
USA |
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| Platforms (1) |
| GPL4234 |
Sentrix Mouse-6 Expression BeadChip |
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| Samples (30)
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| GSM231028 |
Wildtype saline, biological replicate 2 |
| GSM231029 |
Knockout saline, biological replicate 2 |
| GSM231030 |
Wildtype cocaine, biological replicate 2 |
| GSM231031 |
Knockout cocaine, biological replicate 2 |
| GSM231032 |
Wildtype cocaine, technical replicate 1 |
| GSM231033 |
Knockout cocaine, technical replicate 1 |
| GSM231034 |
Wildtype saline, biological replicate 1 |
| GSM231035 |
Knockout saline, biological replicate 1 |
| GSM231036 |
Wildtype cocaine, biological replicate 1 |
| GSM231037 |
Knockout cocaine, biological replicate 1 |
| GSM231038 |
Wildtype saline, technical replicate 1 |
| GSM231039 |
Knockout saline, technical replicate 1 |
| GSM231040 |
Wildtype saline, biological replicate 3 |
| GSM231041 |
Wildtype cocaine, biological replicate 3 |
| GSM231042 |
Knockout saline, biological replicate 3 |
| GSM231043 |
Knockout cocaine, biological replicate 3 |
| GSM231044 |
Wildtype saline, biological replicate 6 |
| GSM231045 |
Knockout saline, biological replicate 6 |
| GSM231046 |
Wildtype saline, biological replicate 4 |
| GSM231047 |
Wildtype cocaine, biological replicate 4 |
| GSM231048 |
Knockout saline, biological replicate 4 |
| GSM231049 |
Knockout cocaine, biological replicate 4 |
| GSM231050 |
Wildtype cocaine, biological replicate 6 |
| GSM231051 |
Knockout cocaine, biological replicate 6 |
| GSM231052 |
Wildtype saline, biological replicate 5 |
| GSM231053 |
Knockout saline, biological replicate 5 |
| GSM231054 |
Knockout cocaine, biological replicate 5 |
| GSM231055 |
Wildtype cocaine, technical replicate 2 |
| GSM231056 |
Knockout cocaine, technical replicate 2 |
| GSM231057 |
Wildtype cocaine, biological replicate 5 |
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA102673 |
| Supplementary file |
Size |
Download |
File type/resource |
| GSE9134_RAW.tar |
140.8 Mb |
(http)(custom) |
TAR (of TXT) |
| Processed data included within Sample table |
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