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    Apela apelin receptor early endogenous ligand [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 100038489, updated on 12-May-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Apelaprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    apelin receptor early endogenous ligandprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:3642370
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000079042 AllianceGenome:MGI:3642370
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Ela; Ende; Elabela; Gm10664
    Summary
    Predicted to enable apelin receptor binding activity and hormone activity. Involved in circulatory system development and positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Acts upstream of or within SMAD protein signal transduction. Located in extracellular space. Is expressed in several structures, including embryo ectoderm; embryo endoderm; gut; heart; and metanephros. Used to study pre-eclampsia. Orthologous to human APELA (apelin receptor early endogenous ligand). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Biased expression in kidney adult (RPKM 30.1), placenta adult (RPKM 5.1) and 1 other tissue See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Apela in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    8 B3.1; 8 32.52 cM
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 8 NC_000074.7 (65481069..65489970, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 8 NC_000074.6 (65028417..65037336, complement)

    Chromosome 8 - NC_000074.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene tripartite motif-containing 75 Neighboring gene tripartite motif-containing 60 Neighboring gene tripartite motif-containing 61 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_21646 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_21647 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_21648 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 39183 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_21650 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_21651 Neighboring gene small integral membrane protein 31 Neighboring gene predicted gene 45445

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Apela inhibits systemic and renal inflammatory reactions in mice with type I cardiorenal syndrome. Jin L, et al. FASEB J, 2021 Oct. PMID 34516679
    2. ELABELA attenuates deoxycorticosterone acetate/salt-induced hypertension and renal injury by inhibition of NADPH oxidase/ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Chen Z, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2020 Aug 22. PMID 32829380, Free PMC Article
    3. ELABELA antagonizes intrarenal renin-angiotensin system to lower blood pressure and protects against renal injury. Xu C, et al. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 2020 May 1. PMID 32174138, Free PMC Article
    4. Modulation of APLNR Signaling Is Required during the Development and Maintenance of the Hematopoietic System. Jackson M, et al. Stem Cell Reports, 2021 Apr 13. PMID 33667414, Free PMC Article
    5. Expression and functional implications of the renal apelinergic system in rodents. O'Carroll AM, et al. PLoS One, 2017. PMID 28817612, Free PMC Article

    See all (30) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. ELABELA/APJ Axis Prevents Diabetic Glomerular Endothelial Injury by Regulating AMPK/NLRP3 Pathway.
      Title: ELABELA/APJ Axis Prevents Diabetic Glomerular Endothelial Injury by Regulating AMPK/NLRP3 Pathway.
    2. Elabela-APJ axis mediates angiogenesis via YAP/TAZ pathway in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
      Title: Elabela-APJ axis mediates angiogenesis via YAP/TAZ pathway in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
    3. Apela inhibits systemic and renal inflammatory reactions in mice with type I cardiorenal syndrome.
      Title: Apela inhibits systemic and renal inflammatory reactions in mice with type I cardiorenal syndrome.
    4. Antagonistic interaction between ELA and intrarenal renin angiotensin system in the distal nephron that appears to exert a major impact on blood pressure regulation.
      Title: ELABELA antagonizes intrarenal renin-angiotensin system to lower blood pressure and protects against renal injury.
    5. loss of Apela signaling impacts early Aplnr-expressing mesodermal populations.
      Title: Loss of Apela Peptide in Mice Causes Low Penetrance Embryonic Lethality and Defects in Early Mesodermal Derivatives.
    6. Elabela but not Apelin knockout pregnant mice exhibit preeclampsia -like symptoms, including proteinuria and elevated blood pressure due to defective placental angiogenesis.
      Title: ELABELA deficiency promotes preeclampsia and cardiovascular malformations in mice.
    7. the ELABELA (ELA)-APJ signaling axis is only required for sinus venosus-derived progenitors.
      Title: Alternative Progenitor Cells Compensate to Rebuild the Coronary Vasculature in Elabela- and Apj-Deficient Hearts.
    8. conclude that apela is present in the adult heart, is upregulated in post-infarction cardiac remodeling, and increases cardiac contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner
      Title: Characterization of apela, a novel endogenous ligand of apelin receptor, in the adult heart.
    9. Ende was expressed dynamically and in specific populations of the definitive endoderm from E7.0 to E8.5.
      Title: Expression of two novel transcripts in the mouse definitive endoderm.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables apelin receptor binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables hormone activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within angiogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in apelin receptor signaling pathway ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in coronary vasculature development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in embryonic heart tube development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within gastrulation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in heart development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in placenta blood vessel development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of trophoblast cell migration ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of blood pressure IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in vasculogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular space IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    apelin receptor early endogenous ligand
    Names
    Protein Elabela
    protein Toddler

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001297554.2 → NP_001284483.1  apelin receptor early endogenous ligand precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001284483.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC102287
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS80883.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P0DMC4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000140510.2, ENSMUST00000142822.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd20244
      Location:2 → 54
      Toddler; Apelin receptor early endogenous ligand, also called Toddler

    2. NM_001399422.1 → NP_001386351.1  apelin receptor early endogenous ligand precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC102287
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P0DMC4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000139425.2, ENSMUST00000124790.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd20244
      Location:2 → 54
      Toddler; Apelin receptor early endogenous ligand, also called Toddler

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000074.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      65481069..65489970 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NR_040692.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NR_040692.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is now thought that this gene does encode a protein.
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P0DMC4.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P0DMC4

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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