Mstn myostatin [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Mstnprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: myostatinprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:3115
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000021294 AllianceGenome:RGD:3115
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Gdf8
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate an N-terminal propeptide and a C-terminal subunit. The C-terminal subunits form the mature homodimer, which negatively regulates skeletal muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. Mutations in this gene are associated with increased skeletal muscle mass in humans and other mammals. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]
Expression: Biased expression in Muscle (RPKM 159.7) and Heart (RPKM 5.8) See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 9q22

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	9	NC_086027.1 (55944513..55950913, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	9	NC_051344.1 (48452533..48458933, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	9	NC_005108.4 (53310977..53315804, complement)

Chromosome 9 - NC_086027.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Enhanced Myogenesis by Silencing Myostatin with Nonviral Delivery of a dCas9 Ribonucleoprotein Complex.
Title: Enhanced Myogenesis by Silencing Myostatin with Nonviral Delivery of a dCas9 Ribonucleoprotein Complex.
MSTN is an important myokine for weight-bearing training to attenuate bone loss in ovariectomized rats.
Title: MSTN is an important myokine for weight-bearing training to attenuate bone loss in ovariectomized rats.
Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Early Induces Myostatin and PCSK9 Expression in Rat Kidneys and HK-2 Cells.
Title: Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Early Induces Myostatin and PCSK9 Expression in Rat Kidneys and HK-2 Cells.
Myostatin in the Arterial Wall of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease.
Title: Myostatin in the Arterial Wall of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease.
Myostatin alters with exercise training in diabetic rats; possible interaction with glycosylated hemoglobin and inflammatory cytokines.
Title: Myostatin alters with exercise training in diabetic rats; possible interaction with glycosylated hemoglobin and inflammatory cytokines.
These data indicate that myostatin is widely expressed throughout the adult CNS, and its abundant expression in the adult brain suggests the idea that myostatin plays important roles in the CNS.
Title: Myostatin expression in the adult rat central nervous system.
Myostatin protein was expressed in the perineal striated muscles, and also in the smooth muscle cells of the penile corpora, arteries and veins, and aorta.
Title: Myostatin, a profibrotic factor and the main inhibitor of striated muscle mass, is present in the penile and vascular smooth muscle.
Both myostatin and GDF11 affected synapse formation in isolated rat cortical neuron cultures.
Title: Myostatin-like proteins regulate synaptic function and neuronal morphology.
Results show that Myostatin and follistatin protein expression is reduced in the long-term hypertrophied myocardium from spontaneously hypertensive rats with heart failure.
Title: Myocardial myostatin in spontaneously hypertensive rats with heart failure.
Mstn knockout rat model provides a novel means to study the role of Mstn in metabolism and Mstn-related muscle hypertrophy
Title: Establishment and phenotypic analysis of an Mstn knockout rat.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (56)

General gene information

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Markers

Gdf8 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143914

Mstn (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:525921

MGI:3841784 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:525922

GDF8 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:505475

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables heparin binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables signaling receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to hypoxia	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in muscle cell cellular homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in myoblast migration involved in skeletal muscle regeneration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in myoblast migration involved in skeletal muscle regeneration	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of muscle hypertrophy	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of myoblast differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of myoblast proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of satellite cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in ovulation cycle process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to electrical stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to estrogen	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ethanol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to glucocorticoid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to gravity	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to muscle activity	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to testosterone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in skeletal muscle atrophy	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in skeletal muscle satellite cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in skeletal muscle tissue regeneration	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in skeletal muscle tissue regeneration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: growth/differentiation factor 8

Names: GDF-8

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_019151.2 → NP_062024.1 growth/differentiation factor 8 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_062024.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000009

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O35312

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6INV1

Related

ENSRNOP00000038159.1, ENSRNOT00000038093.4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd19388
Location:269 → 376

TGF_beta_GDF8; transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) like domain found in growth/differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) and similar proteins

cl02928
Location:37 → 250

TGFb_propeptide; TGF-beta propeptide