Synb syncytin b [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Synbprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: syncytin bprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:3045308
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000047977 AllianceGenome:MGI:3045308
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: syncytin-B; D930020E02Rik
Summary: Many different endogenous retrovirus families are expressed in normal placental tissue at high levels, suggesting that endogenous retroviruses are functionally important in reproduction. This gene is part of an endogenous retrovirus provirus that has inactivating mutations in the gag and pol genes. This gene is the envelope glycoprotein gene which appears to have been selectively preserved. The gene's protein product plays a major role in placental development and trophoblast fusion. The protein has the characteristics of a typical retroviral envelope protein, including a cleavage site that separates the surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) proteins which form a heterodimer. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]
Expression: Biased expression in placenta adult (RPKM 4.6), ovary adult (RPKM 0.3) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 14 D2; 14 36.04 cM

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	14	NC_000080.7 (69527827..69549857, complement)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	14	NC_000080.6 (69290378..69312408, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000080.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

All three retroviral/retrotransposon-derived genes (Syncytin-A, Syncytin-B and Peg10) showed the highest expression at E16.5
Title: Regulation of murine placentogenesis by the retroviral genes Syncytin-A, Syncytin-B and Peg10.
Data show that the GCM1/syncytin-B pathway is significantly downregulated in the placenta of BCL9L-deficient mice and that the fusion and differentiation of ST-II cells are blocked.
Title: Identification of a link between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and the cell fusion pathway.
syncytin-A and -B are required for formation of the two-layered murine placental syncytiotrophoblast
Title: A pair of co-opted retroviral envelope syncytin genes is required for formation of the two-layered murine placental syncytiotrophoblast.
Synb is co-expressed with Cebpa and Gcm1 in basal cells in contact with the allantois.
Title: Early patterning of the chorion leads to the trilaminar trophoblast cell structure in the placental labyrinth.
findings show that in both humans and mice, one of the two syncytins (human syncytin-2 and mouse syncytin-B) is immunosuppressive and, rather unexpectedly, the other (human syncytin-1 and mouse syncytin-A) is not
Title: Placental syncytins: Genetic disjunction between the fusogenic and immunosuppressive activity of retroviral envelope proteins.
critical role of syncytin-A and -B in syncytiotrophoblast formation, a situation where two pairs of endogenous retroviruses, independently acquired by primate and rodent lineages, were selected for a convergent physiological role. (syncytin-A, syncytin-B)
Title: Syncytin-A and syncytin-B, two fusogenic placenta-specific murine envelope genes of retroviral origin conserved in Muridae.

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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1) 1 citation
Targeted (3) 1 citation

General gene information

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Markers

Synb (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:548132

D14Mit216 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:127330

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables molecular_function	ND No biological Data available more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within labyrinthine layer blood vessel development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within myoblast fusion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within myoblast fusion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within myoblast fusion involved in skeletal muscle regeneration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within skeletal muscle tissue development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in syncytium formation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cellular_component	ND No biological Data available more info
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: syncytin-B

Names: envelope glycoprotein syncytin-B; placenta-specific/fusogenic

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.