Pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma

Synonyms: Childhood hepatocellular carcinoma

Summary

A rare aggressive malignant hepatic tumour arising from the hepatocytes. It develops mainly in children over 10 years of age, either in a cirrhotic background, or more commonly in a non-cirrhotic background. The main presenting manifestations are abdominal mass with pain, swelling and discomfort, weight loss, and anorexia. Splenomegaly, nausea, vomiting and jaundice are less commonly observed. Metastases to the mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs, brain and bone marrow are common in advanced disease May be associated with congenital diseases such as biliary atresia. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is frequently activated via stabilising mutations in beta-catenin: some patients have been found to have mutations in the CTNNB1 (3p21) and MET (7q31) genes. TP53 (17p13.1) gene and the TERT promoter are mutated in 25-30% and 60% of cases respectively. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Available tests

1 test is in the database for this condition.

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Clinical tests (1 available)

Molecular Genetics Tests

Sequence analysis of select exons (1)

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