U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

GTR Home > Tests > HGEM, S

Methodology

Methodology

Help
Biochemical Genetics
AAnalyte
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

Test development

Help

Test developed by laboratory (no manufacturer test name)

Test procedure

Help

An aqueous internal standard is added to the plasma specimen. The supernatant is evaporated under heated nitrogen and the residue is then reconstituted prior to injection onto a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The MS/MS is operated in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) negative mode to follow the precursor to product species transitions. Separation of the structural isomers 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2OH-GA) and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3OH-GA) as well as glutaric acid (GA), ethylmalonic acid (EMA), and methylsuccinic acid (MSA) is accomplished by the optimization of the LC separation. The ratios of the extracted peak areas of GA, EMA, and MSA to their respective internal standards as determined by LC-MS/MS are used to calculate the concentration of each analyte in the sample.(Unpublished Mayo method)

Citations

Not provided

Loading data ......

Practice guidelines

  • ACMG ACT, 2022
    American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Newborn Screening ACT Sheet, Elevated C4 and C5 +/- Other Acylcarnitines, Glutaric Acidemia II (GA-II) (MADD), 2022
  • ACMG Algorithm,
    American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Algorithm, Glutaric Acidemia II (GA-II)/ MADD, Riboflavin Metabolism Disorder, Ethylmalonic Encephalopathy: C4 and C5 elevated +/- other elevated acylcarnitines (AC), 2022
  • ACMG ACT, 2021
    American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Newborn Screening ACT Sheet, Elevated C8 with Lesser Elevations of C6 and C10 Acylcarnitine, Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (MCAD) Deficiency, 2021
  • ACMG Algorithm, 2021
    American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Algorithm, C8 Elevated + Lesser Elevations of C6 and C10, 2021

IMPORTANT NOTE: NIH does not independently verify information submitted to the GTR; it relies on submitters to provide information that is accurate and not misleading. NIH makes no endorsements of tests or laboratories listed in the GTR. GTR is not a substitute for medical advice. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.