From HPO
Ambiguous genitalia- MedGen UID:
- 78596
- •Concept ID:
- C0266362
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A genital phenotype that is not clearly assignable to a single gender. Ambiguous genitalia can be evaluated using the Prader scale
Micromelia- MedGen UID:
- 10031
- •Concept ID:
- C0025995
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
The presence of abnormally small extremities.
Syndactyly- MedGen UID:
- 52619
- •Concept ID:
- C0039075
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Webbing or fusion of the fingers or toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as "bony" syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers or toes in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as "symphalangism".
Postaxial polydactyly- MedGen UID:
- 67394
- •Concept ID:
- C0220697
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
Polydactyly refers to the occurrence of supernumerary digits and is the most frequent of congenital hand and foot deformities. Based on the location of the extra digits, polydactyly can be classified into preaxial, involving the thumb or great toe; postaxial, affecting the fifth digit; and central, involving the 3 central digits. Postaxial polydactyly (PAP) is further subclassified into 2 types: in type A, a well-formed extra digit articulates with the fifth or a sixth metacarpal, whereas in type B, a rudimentary, poorly developed extra digit is present (summary by Umm-e-Kalsoom et al., 2012).
Genetic Heterogeneity of Postaxial Polydactyly
Other forms of postaxial polydactyly type A include PAPA2 (602085) on chromosome 13q21; PAPA3 (607324) on chromosome 19p13; PAPA4 (608562) on chromosome 7q22; PAPA5 (263450) on chromosome 13q13; PAPA6 (615226), caused by mutation in the ZNF141 gene (194648) on chromosome 4p16; PAPA7 (617642), caused by mutation in the IQCE gene (617631) on chromosome 7p22; PAPA8 (618123), caused by mutation in the GLI1 gene (165220) on chromosome 12q13; PAPA9 (618219), caused by mutation in the FAM98A gene (617273) on chromosome 8q22; and PAPA10 (618498), caused by mutation in the KIAA0825 gene (617266) on chromosome 5q15.
Brachydactyly- MedGen UID:
- 67454
- •Concept ID:
- C0221357
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.
Hypoplasia of the radius- MedGen UID:
- 672334
- •Concept ID:
- C0685381
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Underdevelopment of the radius.
Ventricular septal defect- MedGen UID:
- 42366
- •Concept ID:
- C0018818
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum.
Low-set ears- MedGen UID:
- 65980
- •Concept ID:
- C0239234
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Dolichocephaly- MedGen UID:
- 65142
- •Concept ID:
- C0221358
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality of skull shape characterized by a increased anterior-posterior diameter, i.e., an increased antero-posterior dimension of the skull. Cephalic index less than 76%. Alternatively, an apparently increased antero-posterior length of the head compared to width. Often due to premature closure of the sagittal suture.
Narrow chest- MedGen UID:
- 96528
- •Concept ID:
- C0426790
- •
- Finding
Reduced width of the chest from side to side, associated with a reduced distance from the sternal notch to the tip of the shoulder.
Lateral clavicle hook- MedGen UID:
- 98426
- •Concept ID:
- C0426805
- •
- Finding
An excessive upward convexity of the lateral clavicle.
Short ribs- MedGen UID:
- 98094
- •Concept ID:
- C0426817
- •
- Finding
Reduced rib length.
Congenital omphalocele- MedGen UID:
- 162756
- •Concept ID:
- C0795690
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
An omphalocele is an abdominal wall defect limited to an open umbilical ring, and is characterized by the herniation of membrane-covered internal organs into the open base of the umbilical cord. Omphalocele is distinguished from gastroschisis (230750), in which the abdominal wall defect is located laterally to a normally closed umbilical ring with herniation of organs that are uncovered by membranes (summary by Bugge, 2010). On the basis of clinical manifestations, epidemiologic characteristics, and the presence of additional malformations, Yang et al. (1992) concluded that omphalocele and gastroschisis are casually and pathogenetically distinct abdominal wall defects.
Omphalocele can be a feature of genetic disorders, such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (130650) and the Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (182210).
Thoracic hypoplasia- MedGen UID:
- 373339
- •Concept ID:
- C1837482
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Relative macrocephaly- MedGen UID:
- 338607
- •Concept ID:
- C1849075
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A relatively mild degree of macrocephaly in which the head circumference is not above two standard deviations from the mean, but appears dysproportionately large when other factors such as body stature are taken into account.
Prominent occiput- MedGen UID:
- 381255
- •Concept ID:
- C1853737
- •
- Finding
Increased convexity of the occiput (posterior part of the skull).
Generalized hypotonia- MedGen UID:
- 346841
- •Concept ID:
- C1858120
- •
- Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
Hypoplastic ilia- MedGen UID:
- 348814
- •Concept ID:
- C1861218
- •
- Finding
Underdevelopment of the ilium.
Horizontal ribs- MedGen UID:
- 812840
- •Concept ID:
- C3806510
- •
- Finding
A horizontal (flat) conformation of the ribs, the long curved bones that form the rib cage and normally progressively oblique (slanted) from ribs 1 through 9, then less slanted through rib 12.
Pulmonary hypoplasia- MedGen UID:
- 78574
- •Concept ID:
- C0265783
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A congenital abnormality in which the lung parenchyma is not fully developed. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities.
Respiratory distress- MedGen UID:
- 96907
- •Concept ID:
- C0476273
- •
- Sign or Symptom
Respiratory distress is objectively observable as the physical or emotional consequences from the experience of dyspnea. The physical presentation of respiratory distress is generally referred to as labored breathing, while the sensation of respiratory distress is called shortness of breath or dyspnea.
Respiratory failure- MedGen UID:
- 257837
- •Concept ID:
- C1145670
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
A severe form of respiratory insufficiency characterized by inadequate gas exchange such that the levels of oxygen or carbon dioxide cannot be maintained within normal limits.
Depressed nasal bridge- MedGen UID:
- 373112
- •Concept ID:
- C1836542
- •
- Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Prominent forehead- MedGen UID:
- 373291
- •Concept ID:
- C1837260
- •
- Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Midface retrusion- MedGen UID:
- 339938
- •Concept ID:
- C1853242
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Posterior positions and/or vertical shortening of the infraorbital and perialar regions, or increased concavity of the face and/or reduced nasolabial angle.
Long philtrum- MedGen UID:
- 351278
- •Concept ID:
- C1865014
- •
- Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Proptosis- MedGen UID:
- 41917
- •Concept ID:
- C0015300
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An eye that is protruding anterior to the plane of the face to a greater extent than is typical.
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of the cardiovascular system
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the genitourinary system
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system
- Ear malformation