Coxa valga is a deformity of the hip in which the angle between the femoral shaft and the femoral neck is increased compared to age-adjusted values (about 150 degrees in newborns gradually reducing to 120-130 degrees in adults).

Syndactyly with fusion of toes two and three.

An abnormality of the intestinal rotation and fixation that normally occurs during the development of the gut. This can lead to volvulus, or twisting of the intestine that causes obstruction and necrosis.

Impaired ability to eat related to problems gathering food and getting ready to suck, chew, or swallow it.

Constipation for longer than three months with fewer than 3 bowel movements per week, straining, lumpy or hard stools, and a sensation of anorectal obstruction or incomplete defecation.

A condition in which the stomach contents leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus through the lower esophageal sphincter.

Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.

An abnormal narrowing of the external auditory canal.

A bilateral form of sensorineural hearing impairment.

Severe mental retardation is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 20-34.

Hyperreflexia is the presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles.

Complete lack of development of speech and language abilities.

A profound delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child.

A deformity of the chest caused by overgrowth of the ribs and characterized by protrusion of the sternum.

Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).

Absence or abnormal closure of the choana (the posterior nasal aperture). Most embryologists believe that posterior choanal atresia results from a failure of rupture between the 35th and 38th day of fetal life of the partition which separates the bucconasal or buccopharyngeal membranes. The resultant choanal atresia may be unilateral or bilateral, bony or membranous, complete or incomplete. In over 90 per cent of cases the obstruction is bony, while in the remainder it is membranous. The bony type of atresia is commonly located 1-2 mm. anterior to the posterior edge of the hard palate, and the osseous septum varies in thickness from 1 to 10 mm. In the membranous form of choanal atresia the obstruction usually occurs further posteriorly. In approximately one third of cases the atresia is bilateral.

Distance between the oral commissures more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased width of the oral aperture (subjective).

Dryness of the mouth due to salivary gland dysfunction.

Developmental hypoplasia of teeth.

Abnormal prominence of the chin related to increased length of the mandible.

Width of the forehead or distance between the frontotemporales is more than two standard deviations below the mean (objective); or apparently narrow intertemporal region (subjective).

Increased width of the midpoint of the mandible (mental protuberance) and overlying soft tissue.

Absence of tear secretion.