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X-linked intellectual disability(XLID)

MedGen UID:
211749
•Concept ID:
C1136249
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER, X-LINKED; Mental retardation, X-linked; XLID
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0100284
OMIM®: 300427; 300495

Definition

An X-linked intellectual deficiency in which not enough information is known, reported or published to indicate whether a gene causes non-syndromic or syndromic presentations. [from MONDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Pathogenic variants in CASK: Expanding the genotype-phenotype correlations.
Dubbs H, Ortiz-Gonzalez X, Marsh ED
Am J Med Genet A 2022 Sep;188(9):2617-2626. Epub 2022 Jun 7 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62863. PMID: 35670295
Oral Function and Feeding Management in a Child with Alpha Thalassemia X-Linked Intellectual Disability Syndrome.
Nakamura Y, Hanasaki M, Sano T, Hayasaki H, Iwase Y, Saitoh I
J Dent Child (Chic) 2021 Sep 15;88(3):206-209. PMID: 34937632
Phenotype and genotype in 101 males with X-linked creatine transporter deficiency.
van de Kamp JM, Betsalel OT, Mercimek-Mahmutoglu S, Abulhoul L, Grünewald S, Anselm I, Azzouz H, Bratkovic D, de Brouwer A, Hamel B, Kleefstra T, Yntema H, Campistol J, Vilaseca MA, Cheillan D, D'Hooghe M, Diogo L, Garcia P, Valongo C, Fonseca M, Frints S, Wilcken B, von der Haar S, Meijers-Heijboer HE, Hofstede F, Johnson D, Kant SG, Lion-Francois L, Pitelet G, Longo N, Maat-Kievit JA, Monteiro JP, Munnich A, Muntau AC, Nassogne MC, Osaka H, Ounap K, Pinard JM, Quijano-Roy S, Poggenburg I, Poplawski N, Abdul-Rahman O, Ribes A, Arias A, Yaplito-Lee J, Schulze A, Schwartz CE, Schwenger S, Soares G, Sznajer Y, Valayannopoulos V, Van Esch H, Waltz S, Wamelink MM, Pouwels PJ, Errami A, van der Knaap MS, Jakobs C, Mancini GM, Salomons GS
J Med Genet 2013 Jul;50(7):463-72. Epub 2013 May 3 doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101658. PMID: 23644449

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Suggestive X-Linked Intellectual Disability.
Ibarluzea N, Hoz AB, Villate O, Llano I, Ocio I, Martí I, Guitart M, Gabau E, Andrade F, Gener B, Tejada MI
Genes (Basel) 2020 Jan 2;11(1) doi: 10.3390/genes11010051. PMID: 31906484Free PMC Article
X-linked intellectual disability: Phenotypic expression in carrier females.
Ziats CA, Schwartz CE, Gecz J, Shaw M, Field MJ, Stevenson RE, Neri G
Clin Genet 2020 Mar;97(3):418-425. Epub 2019 Nov 24 doi: 10.1111/cge.13667. PMID: 31705537
X-exome sequencing of 405 unresolved families identifies seven novel intellectual disability genes.
Hu H, Haas SA, Chelly J, Van Esch H, Raynaud M, de Brouwer AP, Weinert S, Froyen G, Frints SG, Laumonnier F, Zemojtel T, Love MI, Richard H, Emde AK, Bienek M, Jensen C, Hambrock M, Fischer U, Langnick C, Feldkamp M, Wissink-Lindhout W, Lebrun N, Castelnau L, Rucci J, Montjean R, Dorseuil O, Billuart P, Stuhlmann T, Shaw M, Corbett MA, Gardner A, Willis-Owen S, Tan C, Friend KL, Belet S, van Roozendaal KE, Jimenez-Pocquet M, Moizard MP, Ronce N, Sun R, O'Keeffe S, Chenna R, van Bömmel A, Göke J, Hackett A, Field M, Christie L, Boyle J, Haan E, Nelson J, Turner G, Baynam G, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Müller U, Steinberger D, Budny B, Badura-Stronka M, Latos-Bieleńska A, Ousager LB, Wieacker P, Rodríguez Criado G, Bondeson ML, Annerén G, Dufke A, Cohen M, Van Maldergem L, Vincent-Delorme C, Echenne B, Simon-Bouy B, Kleefstra T, Willemsen M, Fryns JP, Devriendt K, Ullmann R, Vingron M, Wrogemann K, Wienker TF, Tzschach A, van Bokhoven H, Gecz J, Jentsch TJ, Chen W, Ropers HH, Kalscheuer VM
Mol Psychiatry 2016 Jan;21(1):133-48. Epub 2015 Feb 3 doi: 10.1038/mp.2014.193. PMID: 25644381Free PMC Article
The neurobiology of X-linked intellectual disability.
Bassani S, Zapata J, Gerosa L, Moretto E, Murru L, Passafaro M
Neuroscientist 2013 Oct;19(5):541-52. Epub 2013 Jul 2 doi: 10.1177/1073858413493972. PMID: 23820068
Fragile X and X-linked intellectual disability: four decades of discovery.
Lubs HA, Stevenson RE, Schwartz CE
Am J Hum Genet 2012 Apr 6;90(4):579-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.02.018. PMID: 22482801Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

X-Linked intellectual disability update 2022.
Schwartz CE, Louie RJ, Toutain A, Skinner C, Friez MJ, Stevenson RE
Am J Med Genet A 2023 Jan;191(1):144-159. Epub 2022 Oct 27 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63008. PMID: 36300573
Challenges in molecular diagnosis of X-linked Intellectual disability.
De Luca C, Race V, Keldermans L, Bauters M, Van Esch H
Br Med Bull 2020 May 15;133(1):36-48. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldz039. PMID: 32043524
X-linked intellectual disability update 2017.
Neri G, Schwartz CE, Lubs HA, Stevenson RE
Am J Med Genet A 2018 Jun;176(6):1375-1388. Epub 2018 Apr 25 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38710. PMID: 29696803Free PMC Article
Exome sequencing covers >98% of mutations identified on targeted next generation sequencing panels.
LaDuca H, Farwell KD, Vuong H, Lu HM, Mu W, Shahmirzadi L, Tang S, Chen J, Bhide S, Chao EC
PLoS One 2017;12(2):e0170843. Epub 2017 Feb 2 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170843. PMID: 28152038Free PMC Article
MED12 related disorders.
Graham JM Jr, Schwartz CE
Am J Med Genet A 2013 Nov;161A(11):2734-40. Epub 2013 Oct 10 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36183. PMID: 24123922Free PMC Article

Therapy

A Therapeutic Perspective of HDAC8 in Different Diseases: An Overview of Selective Inhibitors.
Fontana A, Cursaro I, Carullo G, Gemma S, Butini S, Campiani G
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Sep 2;23(17) doi: 10.3390/ijms231710014. PMID: 36077415Free PMC Article
Loss-of-function variants in ARHGEF9 are associated with an X-linked intellectual disability dominant disorder.
Ghesh L, Besnard T, Nizon M, Trochu E, Landeau-Trottier G, Breheret F, Thauvin-Robinet C, Bruel AL, Kuentz P, Coubes C, Cuisset L, Mignot C, Keren B, Bézieau S, Cogné B
Hum Mutat 2021 May;42(5):498-505. Epub 2021 Mar 14 doi: 10.1002/humu.24188. PMID: 33600053
X-linked intellectual disability: Phenotypic expression in carrier females.
Ziats CA, Schwartz CE, Gecz J, Shaw M, Field MJ, Stevenson RE, Neri G
Clin Genet 2020 Mar;97(3):418-425. Epub 2019 Nov 24 doi: 10.1111/cge.13667. PMID: 31705537
Exome sequencing covers >98% of mutations identified on targeted next generation sequencing panels.
LaDuca H, Farwell KD, Vuong H, Lu HM, Mu W, Shahmirzadi L, Tang S, Chen J, Bhide S, Chao EC
PLoS One 2017;12(2):e0170843. Epub 2017 Feb 2 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170843. PMID: 28152038Free PMC Article
HDAC8: a multifaceted target for therapeutic interventions.
Chakrabarti A, Oehme I, Witt O, Oliveira G, Sippl W, Romier C, Pierce RJ, Jung M
Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015 Jul;36(7):481-92. Epub 2015 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.04.013. PMID: 26013035

Prognosis

Deleterious, protein-altering variants in the transcriptional coregulator ZMYM3 in 27 individuals with a neurodevelopmental delay phenotype.
Hiatt SM, Trajkova S, Sebastiano MR, Partridge EC, Abidi FE, Anderson A, Ansar M, Antonarakis SE, Azadi A, Bachmann-Gagescu R, Bartuli A, Benech C, Berkowitz JL, Betti MJ, Brusco A, Cannon A, Caron G, Chen Y, Cochran ME, Coleman TF, Crenshaw MM, Cuisset L, Curry CJ, Darvish H, Demirdas S, Descartes M, Douglas J, Dyment DA, Elloumi HZ, Ermondi G, Faoucher M, Farrow EG, Felker SA, Fisher H, Hurst ACE, Joset P, Kelly MA, Kmoch S, Leadem BR, Lyons MJ, Macchiaiolo M, Magner M, Mandrile G, Mattioli F, McEown M, Meadows SK, Medne L, Meeks NJL, Montgomery S, Napier MP, Natowicz M, Newberry KM, Niceta M, Noskova L, Nowak CB, Noyes AG, Osmond M, Prijoles EJ, Pugh J, Pullano V, Quélin C, Rahimi-Aliabadi S, Rauch A, Redon S, Reymond A, Schwager CR, Sellars EA, Scheuerle AE, Shukarova-Angelovska E, Skraban C, Stolerman E, Sullivan BR, Tartaglia M, Thiffault I, Uguen K, Umaña LA, van Bever Y, van der Crabben SN, van Slegtenhorst MA, Waisfisz Q, Washington C, Rodan LH, Myers RM, Cooper GM
Am J Hum Genet 2023 Feb 2;110(2):215-227. Epub 2022 Dec 30 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.12.007. PMID: 36586412Free PMC Article
Semaphorin-Plexin Signaling: From Axonal Guidance to a New X-Linked Intellectual Disability Syndrome.
Steele JL, Morrow MM, Sarnat HB, Alkhunaizi E, Brandt T, Chitayat DA, DeFilippo CP, Douglas GV, Dubbs HA, Elloumi HZ, Glassford MR, Hannibal MC, Héron B, Kim LE, Marco EJ, Mignot C, Monaghan KG, Myers KA, Parikh S, Quinonez SC, Rajabi F, Shankar SP, Shinawi MS, van de Kamp JJP, Veerapandiyan A, Waldman AT, Graf WD
Pediatr Neurol 2022 Jan;126:65-73. Epub 2021 Oct 18 doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2021.10.008. PMID: 34740135
Challenges in molecular diagnosis of X-linked Intellectual disability.
De Luca C, Race V, Keldermans L, Bauters M, Van Esch H
Br Med Bull 2020 May 15;133(1):36-48. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldz039. PMID: 32043524
Exome sequencing covers >98% of mutations identified on targeted next generation sequencing panels.
LaDuca H, Farwell KD, Vuong H, Lu HM, Mu W, Shahmirzadi L, Tang S, Chen J, Bhide S, Chao EC
PLoS One 2017;12(2):e0170843. Epub 2017 Feb 2 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170843. PMID: 28152038Free PMC Article
Genetic investigation for adults with intellectual disability: opportunities and challenges.
Baker K, Raymond FL, Bass N
Curr Opin Neurol 2012 Apr;25(2):150-8. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328351820e. PMID: 22357217

Clinical prediction guides

Challenges in molecular diagnosis of X-linked Intellectual disability.
De Luca C, Race V, Keldermans L, Bauters M, Van Esch H
Br Med Bull 2020 May 15;133(1):36-48. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldz039. PMID: 32043524
Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Suggestive X-Linked Intellectual Disability.
Ibarluzea N, Hoz AB, Villate O, Llano I, Ocio I, Martí I, Guitart M, Gabau E, Andrade F, Gener B, Tejada MI
Genes (Basel) 2020 Jan 2;11(1) doi: 10.3390/genes11010051. PMID: 31906484Free PMC Article
The expanding phenotypes of cohesinopathies: one ring to rule them all!
Piché J, Van Vliet PP, Pucéat M, Andelfinger G
Cell Cycle 2019 Nov;18(21):2828-2848. Epub 2019 Sep 13 doi: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1658476. PMID: 31516082Free PMC Article
HUWE1 variants cause dominant X-linked intellectual disability: a clinical study of 21 patients.
Moortgat S, Berland S, Aukrust I, Maystadt I, Baker L, Benoit V, Caro-Llopis A, Cooper NS, Debray FG, Faivre L, Gardeitchik T, Haukanes BI, Houge G, Kivuva E, Martinez F, Mehta SG, Nassogne MC, Powell-Hamilton N, Pfundt R, Rosello M, Prescott T, Vasudevan P, van Loon B, Verellen-Dumoulin C, Verloes A, Lippe CV, Wakeling E, Wilkie AOM, Wilson L, Yuen A, Study D, Low KJ, Newbury-Ecob RA
Eur J Hum Genet 2018 Jan;26(1):64-74. Epub 2017 Nov 27 doi: 10.1038/s41431-017-0038-6. PMID: 29180823Free PMC Article
Exome sequencing covers >98% of mutations identified on targeted next generation sequencing panels.
LaDuca H, Farwell KD, Vuong H, Lu HM, Mu W, Shahmirzadi L, Tang S, Chen J, Bhide S, Chao EC
PLoS One 2017;12(2):e0170843. Epub 2017 Feb 2 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170843. PMID: 28152038Free PMC Article

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