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Borderline Phyllodes Tumor

MedGen UID:
235094
•Concept ID:
C1370913
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Borderline cystosarcoma phyllodes; Borderline Phyllodes Neoplasm; Borderline phyllodes tumor; Phyllodes tumor, borderline
SNOMED CT: Phyllodes tumor, borderline (71232009); Borderline phyllodes tumor (71232009); Borderline cystosarcoma phyllodes (71232009)

Definition

A phyllodes tumor with morphologic characteristics which are intermediate between a benign and a malignant phyllodes tumor. The stromal sarcomatous changes are of low grade and are often reminiscent of low grade fibrosarcomas. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Re-Classification with Outcome Correlation of Previously Diagnosed Malignant Phyllodes Tumors Applying the 2016 Consensus Guidelines.
Duckworth LA, Hoda R, Komforti MK, Rowe JJ, Downs-Kelly E, McIntire PJ
Int J Surg Pathol 2023 Aug;31(5):557-563. Epub 2022 Jul 3 doi: 10.1177/10668969221106105. PMID: 35786083
The treatment and prognosis of patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast: an analysis of 170 cases.
Reinfuss M, Mituś J, Duda K, Stelmach A, Ryś J, Smolak K
Cancer 1996 Mar 1;77(5):910-6. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960301)77:5<910::aid-cncr16>3.0.co;2-6. PMID: 8608483

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Machine Learning-Based Ultrasound Texture Analysis in Differentiation of Benign Phyllodes Tumors from Borderline-Malignant Phyllodes Tumors.
Basara Akin I, Ozgul HA, Altay C, Guray Durak M, Aksoy SO, Sevinc AI, Secil M, Gulmez H, Balci P
Ultraschall Med 2023 Jun;44(3):318-326. Epub 2021 Oct 21 doi: 10.1055/a-1640-9508. PMID: 34674218
Factors effective on recurrence and metastasis in phyllodes tumors.
Altiok M, Kurt F
Niger J Clin Pract 2022 Apr;25(4):425-431. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1374_21. PMID: 35439900
Incidental Pathologic Findings in Young Adult Reduction Mammaplasty.
Maroney J, Collins KC, Dannheim K, Staffa SJ, Saldanha FYL, Labow BI, Rogers-Vizena CR
Plast Reconstr Surg 2021 Mar 1;147(3):391-400. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000007609. PMID: 33620923
Malignant and borderline phyllodes tumors of the breast: a multicenter study of 362 patients (KROG 16-08).
Choi N, Kim K, Shin KH, Kim Y, Moon HG, Park W, Choi DH, Kim SS, Ahn SD, Kim TH, Chun M, Kim YB, Kim S, Choi BO, Kim JH
Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Sep;171(2):335-344. Epub 2018 May 28 doi: 10.1007/s10549-018-4838-3. PMID: 29808288
The treatment and prognosis of patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast: an analysis of 170 cases.
Reinfuss M, Mituś J, Duda K, Stelmach A, Ryś J, Smolak K
Cancer 1996 Mar 1;77(5):910-6. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960301)77:5<910::aid-cncr16>3.0.co;2-6. PMID: 8608483

Diagnosis

Re-Classification with Outcome Correlation of Previously Diagnosed Malignant Phyllodes Tumors Applying the 2016 Consensus Guidelines.
Duckworth LA, Hoda R, Komforti MK, Rowe JJ, Downs-Kelly E, McIntire PJ
Int J Surg Pathol 2023 Aug;31(5):557-563. Epub 2022 Jul 3 doi: 10.1177/10668969221106105. PMID: 35786083
Machine Learning-Based Ultrasound Texture Analysis in Differentiation of Benign Phyllodes Tumors from Borderline-Malignant Phyllodes Tumors.
Basara Akin I, Ozgul HA, Altay C, Guray Durak M, Aksoy SO, Sevinc AI, Secil M, Gulmez H, Balci P
Ultraschall Med 2023 Jun;44(3):318-326. Epub 2021 Oct 21 doi: 10.1055/a-1640-9508. PMID: 34674218
Factors effective on recurrence and metastasis in phyllodes tumors.
Altiok M, Kurt F
Niger J Clin Pract 2022 Apr;25(4):425-431. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1374_21. PMID: 35439900
Extramammary Borderline Phyllodes Tumor Presenting as an Umbilical Mass.
Jackson J, Walker E, Bethune R, Bracey T, Mason C, Mandalia T
Int J Surg Pathol 2021 Sep;29(6):648-652. Epub 2020 Dec 21 doi: 10.1177/1066896920981632. PMID: 33345669
Malignant and borderline phyllodes tumors of the breast: a multicenter study of 362 patients (KROG 16-08).
Choi N, Kim K, Shin KH, Kim Y, Moon HG, Park W, Choi DH, Kim SS, Ahn SD, Kim TH, Chun M, Kim YB, Kim S, Choi BO, Kim JH
Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Sep;171(2):335-344. Epub 2018 May 28 doi: 10.1007/s10549-018-4838-3. PMID: 29808288

Therapy

Successful Treatment of a Locally Recurrent and Metastatic Malignant Phyllodes Tumor with Accelerated Radiotherapy and Nab-Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Liposomal Doxorubicin Chemotherapy.
Koukourakis IM, Zygogianni A, Kouloulias V, Koukourakis MI
Chemotherapy 2021;66(3):82-86. Epub 2021 Jul 7 doi: 10.1159/000517246. PMID: 34233328
A Giant Borderline Phyllodes Tumor of Breast With Skin Ulceration Leading to Non-Insular Tumorigenic Hypoglycemia: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Zhao J, Gao M, Ren Y, Cao S, Wang H, Ge R
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:651568. Epub 2021 Mar 25 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.651568. PMID: 33841338Free PMC Article
Invasive lobular carcinoma involving a borderline phyllodes tumor.
Fischer KM, S J Brooks J, Ugras SK
Breast J 2018 Nov;24(6):1076-1077. Epub 2018 Oct 22 doi: 10.1111/tbj.13132. PMID: 30350383

Prognosis

A malignant transformation of borderline phyllodes tumor to fibrosarcoma breast: A rare case report.
Kumar M, Sagar M, Vimal JK, Kumar V
J Cancer Res Ther 2023 Jan 1;19(Suppl 2):S892-S895. Epub 2023 Apr 27 doi: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_378_21. PMID: 38384072
Machine Learning-Based Ultrasound Texture Analysis in Differentiation of Benign Phyllodes Tumors from Borderline-Malignant Phyllodes Tumors.
Basara Akin I, Ozgul HA, Altay C, Guray Durak M, Aksoy SO, Sevinc AI, Secil M, Gulmez H, Balci P
Ultraschall Med 2023 Jun;44(3):318-326. Epub 2021 Oct 21 doi: 10.1055/a-1640-9508. PMID: 34674218
Factors effective on recurrence and metastasis in phyllodes tumors.
Altiok M, Kurt F
Niger J Clin Pract 2022 Apr;25(4):425-431. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1374_21. PMID: 35439900
Malignant and borderline phyllodes tumors of the breast: a multicenter study of 362 patients (KROG 16-08).
Choi N, Kim K, Shin KH, Kim Y, Moon HG, Park W, Choi DH, Kim SS, Ahn SD, Kim TH, Chun M, Kim YB, Kim S, Choi BO, Kim JH
Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Sep;171(2):335-344. Epub 2018 May 28 doi: 10.1007/s10549-018-4838-3. PMID: 29808288
The treatment and prognosis of patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast: an analysis of 170 cases.
Reinfuss M, Mituś J, Duda K, Stelmach A, Ryś J, Smolak K
Cancer 1996 Mar 1;77(5):910-6. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960301)77:5<910::aid-cncr16>3.0.co;2-6. PMID: 8608483

Clinical prediction guides

Machine Learning-Based Ultrasound Texture Analysis in Differentiation of Benign Phyllodes Tumors from Borderline-Malignant Phyllodes Tumors.
Basara Akin I, Ozgul HA, Altay C, Guray Durak M, Aksoy SO, Sevinc AI, Secil M, Gulmez H, Balci P
Ultraschall Med 2023 Jun;44(3):318-326. Epub 2021 Oct 21 doi: 10.1055/a-1640-9508. PMID: 34674218
Fibroepithelial breast lesions diagnosed by core needle biopsy demonstrate a moderate rate of upstaging to phyllodes tumors.
Marcil G, Wong S, Trabulsi N, Allard-Coutu A, Parsyan A, Omeroglu A, Atinel G, Mesurolle B, Meterissian S
Am J Surg 2017 Aug;214(2):318-322. Epub 2016 Dec 27 doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.12.017. PMID: 28057293
A Case of Giant Borderline Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast Associated with Hypoglycemia.
Saito Y, Suzuki Y, Inomoto C, Kumaki N, Yokoyama K, Ogiya R, Oshitanai R, Terao M, Tsuda B, Morioka T, Niikura N, Okamura T, Masuda S, Tokuda Y
Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2016 Sep 20;41(3):118-22. PMID: 27628602
Benign and low-grade fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast have low recurrence rate after positive surgical margins.
Cowan ML, Argani P, Cimino-Mathews A
Mod Pathol 2016 Mar;29(3):259-65. Epub 2016 Jan 8 doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.157. PMID: 26743469
The treatment and prognosis of patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast: an analysis of 170 cases.
Reinfuss M, Mituś J, Duda K, Stelmach A, Ryś J, Smolak K
Cancer 1996 Mar 1;77(5):910-6. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19960301)77:5<910::aid-cncr16>3.0.co;2-6. PMID: 8608483

Recent systematic reviews

Severe Hypoglycemia Caused by a Giant Borderline Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Liu Y, Zhang M, Yang X, Zhang M, Fan Z, Li Y, Wang T, Chen P
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022;13:871998. Epub 2022 May 26 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.871998. PMID: 35692391Free PMC Article

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