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Hyperpituitarism

MedGen UID:: 43783
•Concept ID:: C0020506
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonyms:	Anterior pituitary hyperfunction; hyperpituitarism; Pituitary hyperfunction; Pituitary hyperfunction (ant.)
SNOMED CT:	Pituitary hyperfunction (ant.) (10649000); Hyperpituitarism (10649000); Pituitary hyperfunction (10649000); Anterior pituitary hyperfunction (10649000)

HPO:	HP:0010514
Monarch Initiative:	MONDO:0006793

Definition

Hypersecretion of one or more pituitary hormones. This can occur in conditions in which deficiency in the target organ leads to decreased hormonal feedback, or as a primary condition most usually in connection with a pituitary adenoma. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVHyperpituitarism

Abnormality of the nervous system
- Abnormal nervous system morphology
  - Morphological central nervous system abnormality
    - Abnormal brain morphology
      - Abnormal pituitary gland morphology
        Abnormality of the anterior pituitary
        Hyperpituitarism
        Acromegaly
        Adrenocorticotropic hormone excess
        Gigantism
        Hyperprolactinemia
        Familial hyperprolactinemia
        Galactorrhoea-hyperprolactinaemia
        Increased circulating prolactin concentration
        Pituitary dependent hypercortisolism
        Recurrent Cushing Disease

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Acromegaly: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.

Fleseriu M, Langlois F, Lim DST, Varlamov EV, Melmed S
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022 Nov;10(11):804-826. Epub 2022 Oct 6 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00244-3. PMID: 36209758

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly: An Update.

Ershadinia N, Tritos NA
Mayo Clin Proc 2022 Feb;97(2):333-346. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.11.007. PMID: 35120696

Consensus on diagnosis and management of Cushing's disease: a guideline update.

Fleseriu M, Auchus R, Bancos I, Ben-Shlomo A, Bertherat J, Biermasz NR, Boguszewski CL, Bronstein MD, Buchfelder M, Carmichael JD, Casanueva FF, Castinetti F, Chanson P, Findling J, Gadelha M, Geer EB, Giustina A, Grossman A, Gurnell M, Ho K, Ioachimescu AG, Kaiser UB, Karavitaki N, Katznelson L, Kelly DF, Lacroix A, McCormack A, Melmed S, Molitch M, Mortini P, Newell-Price J, Nieman L, Pereira AM, Petersenn S, Pivonello R, Raff H, Reincke M, Salvatori R, Scaroni C, Shimon I, Stratakis CA, Swearingen B, Tabarin A, Takahashi Y, Theodoropoulou M, Tsagarakis S, Valassi E, Varlamov EV, Vila G, Wass J, Webb SM, Zatelli MC, Biller BMK
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021 Dec;9(12):847-875. Epub 2021 Oct 20 doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00235-7. PMID: 34687601 Free PMC Article

See all (1280)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Dynamic changes of central thyroid functions in the management of Cushing's syndrome.

Dogansen SC, Yalin GY, Canbaz B, Tanrikulu S, Yarman S
Arch Endocrinol Metab 2018 Mar-Apr;62(2):164-171. Epub 2018 Apr 5 doi: 10.20945/2359-3997000000019. PMID: 29641732 Free PMC Article

Clinical differentiation of primary from secondary hyperhidrosis.

Walling HW
J Am Acad Dermatol 2011 Apr;64(4):690-5. Epub 2011 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.03.013. PMID: 21334095

Osteoporosis is more prevalent in adrenal than in pituitary Cushing's syndrome.

Ohmori N, Nomura K, Ohmori K, Kato Y, Itoh T, Takano K
Endocr J 2003 Feb;50(1):1-7. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.50.1. PMID: 12733704

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenocorticotropin-dependent Cushing's syndrome.

Vella A, Thompson GB, Grant CS, van Heerden JA, Farley DR, Young WF Jr
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001 Apr;86(4):1596-9. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.4.7399. PMID: 11297589

Primary empty sella: differences and similarities between children and adults.

Zucchini S, Ambrosetto P, Carlà G, Tani G, Franzoni E, Cacciari E
Acta Paediatr 1995 Dec;84(12):1382-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13574.x. PMID: 8645956

See all (14)

Diagnosis

An Update on the Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Inappropriate Secretion of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone.

Ohba K
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Jun 21;22(12) doi: 10.3390/ijms22126611. PMID: 34205543 Free PMC Article

Clinical differentiation of primary from secondary hyperhidrosis.

Walling HW
J Am Acad Dermatol 2011 Apr;64(4):690-5. Epub 2011 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.03.013. PMID: 21334095

Pituitary tumours: TSH-secreting adenomas.

Beck-Peccoz P, Persani L, Mannavola D, Campi I
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009 Oct;23(5):597-606. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2009.05.006. PMID: 19945025

Investigation of hypothalamic-pituitary disease.

Lamberton RP, Jackson IM
Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983 Nov;12(3):509-34. doi: 10.1016/s0300-595x(83)80054-1. PMID: 6323063

Pituitary function.

Dingman JF
N Engl J Med 1971 Sep 9;285(11):617-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197109092851107. PMID: 4331157

See all (37)

Therapy

Pituitary surgery's epidemiology using a national inpatient database in Japan.

Hattori Y, Tahara S, Aso S, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Yasunaga H, Morita A
Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2020 Jun;162(6):1317-1323. Epub 2020 Mar 3 doi: 10.1007/s00701-020-04270-4. PMID: 32125502

Dynamic changes of central thyroid functions in the management of Cushing's syndrome.

Dogansen SC, Yalin GY, Canbaz B, Tanrikulu S, Yarman S
Arch Endocrinol Metab 2018 Mar-Apr;62(2):164-171. Epub 2018 Apr 5 doi: 10.20945/2359-3997000000019. PMID: 29641732 Free PMC Article

Serum leptin levels in patients with acromegaly before and after correction of hypersomatotropism by trans-sphenoidal surgery.

Damjanović SS, Petakov MS, Raicević S, Micić D, Marinković J, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF, Popović V
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000 Jan;85(1):147-54. doi: 10.1210/jcem.85.1.6296. PMID: 10634378

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in primary and secondary hypertension.

del Greco F, Huang CM, Quintanilla A, Krumlovsky F, Roxe DM, Santhanam S
Ann Clin Lab Sci 1981 Nov-Dec;11(6):497-505. PMID: 6119955

Stomatologic alterations in childhood, part II.

Cohen MM Sr
ASDC J Dent Child 1977 Jul-Aug;44(4):327-35 cont. PMID: 19512

See all (20)

Prognosis

Clinical differentiation of primary from secondary hyperhidrosis.

Walling HW
J Am Acad Dermatol 2011 Apr;64(4):690-5. Epub 2011 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.03.013. PMID: 21334095

Biochemical remission and recurrence rate of secreting pituitary adenomas after transsphenoidal adenomectomy: long-term endocrinologic follow-up results.

Santoro A, Minniti G, Ruggeri A, Esposito V, Jaffrain-Rea ML, Delfini R
Surg Neurol 2007 Nov;68(5):513-8; discussion 518. doi: 10.1016/j.surneu.2007.05.057. PMID: 17961741

L-thyroxin treatment in infants with hyperthyrotropinaemia: 4-year experience.

Demirel F, Bideci A, Camurdan MO, Cinaz P
Int J Clin Pract 2007 Aug;61(8):1333-6. Epub 2007 Jun 2 doi: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.00998.x. PMID: 16749910

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 presenting as insulinoma, gastrinoma, and postbulbar duodenal ulcers: report of a case.

Murakami S, Satomi A, Ishida K, Matsuki M, Koda H, Miura S
Surg Today 1995;25(9):848-51. doi: 10.1007/BF00311466. PMID: 8555708

Articular manifestations of acromegaly.

Podgorski M, Robinson B, Weissberger A, Stiel J, Wang S, Brooks PM
Aust N Z J Med 1988 Feb;18(1):28-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1988.tb02236.x. PMID: 3395299

See all (10)

Clinical prediction guides

Reduced sleep quality and depression associate with decreased quality of life in patients with pituitary adenomas.

Leistner SM, Klotsche J, Dimopoulou C, Athanasoulia AP, Roemmler-Zehrer J, Pieper L, Schopohl J, Wittchen HU, Stalla GK, Fulda S, Sievers C
Eur J Endocrinol 2015 Jun;172(6):733-43. Epub 2015 Mar 19 doi: 10.1530/EJE-14-0941. PMID: 25792374

Clinical differentiation of primary from secondary hyperhidrosis.

Walling HW
J Am Acad Dermatol 2011 Apr;64(4):690-5. Epub 2011 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.03.013. PMID: 21334095

Dominant inheritance of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity.

Carney JA, Hruska LS, Beauchamp GD, Gordon H
Mayo Clin Proc 1986 Mar;61(3):165-72. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)61843-6. PMID: 3945116

Investigation of hypothalamic-pituitary disease.

Lamberton RP, Jackson IM
Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983 Nov;12(3):509-34. doi: 10.1016/s0300-595x(83)80054-1. PMID: 6323063

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in primary and secondary hypertension.

del Greco F, Huang CM, Quintanilla A, Krumlovsky F, Roxe DM, Santhanam S
Ann Clin Lab Sci 1981 Nov-Dec;11(6):497-505. PMID: 6119955

See all (8)