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Gastric Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

MedGen UID:
474042
•Concept ID:
C3272409
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonym: Gastric NEC

Definition

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Management of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
Gonzalez RS
Surg Pathol Clin 2020 Sep;13(3):377-397. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2020.04.002. PMID: 32773190
Insights into Effects/Risks of Chronic Hypergastrinemia and Lifelong PPI Treatment in Man Based on Studies of Patients with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.
Lee L, Ramos-Alvarez I, Ito T, Jensen RT
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Oct 16;20(20) doi: 10.3390/ijms20205128. PMID: 31623145Free PMC Article
ENETS Consensus Guidelines for High-Grade Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Neuroendocrine Carcinomas.
Garcia-Carbonero R, Sorbye H, Baudin E, Raymond E, Wiedenmann B, Niederle B, Sedlackova E, Toumpanakis C, Anlauf M, Cwikla JB, Caplin M, O'Toole D, Perren A; Vienna Consensus Conference participants
Neuroendocrinology 2016;103(2):186-94. Epub 2016 Jan 5 doi: 10.1159/000443172. PMID: 26731334

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Endoscopic features of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Matsueda K, Uedo N, Kitamura M, Shichijo S, Maekawa A, Kanesaka T, Takeuchi Y, Higashino K, Ishihara R, Michida T, Kawano S, Kawahara Y
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023 Oct;38(10):1808-1817. Epub 2023 Aug 1 doi: 10.1111/jgh.16309. PMID: 37527834
Optimal postoperative surveillance strategies for cancer survivors with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma based on individual risk: a multicenter real-world cohort study.
Xu BB, He XY, Zhou YB, He QL, Tian YT, Hao HK, Qiu XT, Jiang LX, Zhao G, Li Z, Xu YC, Fu WH, Xue FQ, Li SL, Xu ZK, Zhu ZG, Li Y, Li E, Chen JP, Li HL, Cai LS, Wu D, Li P, Zheng CH, Xie JW, Lu J, Huang CM
Int J Surg 2023 Jun 1;109(6):1668-1676. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000401. PMID: 37076132Free PMC Article
Expression of p53 and Rb reveal subtypes of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma with distinct prognosis.
Xing J, Chen J, You T, Sun Z, Lu T, Cheng Y, Wu H, Bai C
J Neuroendocrinol 2023 Apr;35(4):e13257. Epub 2023 Mar 25 doi: 10.1111/jne.13257. PMID: 36964649
RUNDC3A/SNAP25/Akt signaling mediates tumor progression and chemoresistance in gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Lin Z, Kwok HF
Cell Death Dis 2022 Oct 1;13(10):840. doi: 10.1038/s41419-022-05294-7. PMID: 36182960Free PMC Article
Long-term surgical outcomes of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Iwasaki K, Barroga E, Enomoto M, Tsurui K, Shimoda Y, Matsumoto M, Miyoshi K, Ota Y, Matsubayashi J, Nagakawa Y
World J Surg Oncol 2022 May 24;20(1):165. doi: 10.1186/s12957-022-02625-y. PMID: 35610656Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Endoscopic features of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Matsueda K, Uedo N, Kitamura M, Shichijo S, Maekawa A, Kanesaka T, Takeuchi Y, Higashino K, Ishihara R, Michida T, Kawano S, Kawahara Y
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023 Oct;38(10):1808-1817. Epub 2023 Aug 1 doi: 10.1111/jgh.16309. PMID: 37527834
Optimal postoperative surveillance strategies for cancer survivors with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma based on individual risk: a multicenter real-world cohort study.
Xu BB, He XY, Zhou YB, He QL, Tian YT, Hao HK, Qiu XT, Jiang LX, Zhao G, Li Z, Xu YC, Fu WH, Xue FQ, Li SL, Xu ZK, Zhu ZG, Li Y, Li E, Chen JP, Li HL, Cai LS, Wu D, Li P, Zheng CH, Xie JW, Lu J, Huang CM
Int J Surg 2023 Jun 1;109(6):1668-1676. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000401. PMID: 37076132Free PMC Article
Spleen metastases secondary to gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma: case report.
Nasr S, Khsiba A, Mahmoudi M, Mohamed AB, Bouasida M, Hamzaoui L
Pan Afr Med J 2022;42:131. Epub 2022 Jun 16 doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.131.34091. PMID: 36060838Free PMC Article
Long-term surgical outcomes of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Iwasaki K, Barroga E, Enomoto M, Tsurui K, Shimoda Y, Matsumoto M, Miyoshi K, Ota Y, Matsubayashi J, Nagakawa Y
World J Surg Oncol 2022 May 24;20(1):165. doi: 10.1186/s12957-022-02625-y. PMID: 35610656Free PMC Article
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach: clinical features and CT findings.
Liang P, Wang YX, Ren XC, Gao JB
Abdom Radiol (NY) 2016 Jan;41(1):19-24. doi: 10.1007/s00261-015-0593-7. PMID: 26830607

Therapy

A gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma with good prognosis after chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy: A case report (CARE-compliant).
Zhao Y, Yang R, Lu H
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Dec 15;102(50):e36568. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036568. PMID: 38115336Free PMC Article
Evaluation of the safety and immunological effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in combination with checkpoint inhibitor therapy in a patient with neuroendocrine carcinoma: a case report.
Föhse K, Debisarun PA, Kilic G, van Dodewaard-de Jong JM, Netea MG
J Med Case Rep 2023 Sep 4;17(1):377. doi: 10.1186/s13256-023-04117-3. PMID: 37661259Free PMC Article
A novel nomogram and risk stratification system predicting the cancer-specific survival of patients with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma: a study based on SEER database and external validation.
Song X, Xie Y, Lou Y
BMC Gastroenterol 2023 Jul 14;23(1):238. doi: 10.1186/s12876-023-02875-4. PMID: 37452300Free PMC Article
Optimal postoperative surveillance strategies for cancer survivors with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma based on individual risk: a multicenter real-world cohort study.
Xu BB, He XY, Zhou YB, He QL, Tian YT, Hao HK, Qiu XT, Jiang LX, Zhao G, Li Z, Xu YC, Fu WH, Xue FQ, Li SL, Xu ZK, Zhu ZG, Li Y, Li E, Chen JP, Li HL, Cai LS, Wu D, Li P, Zheng CH, Xie JW, Lu J, Huang CM
Int J Surg 2023 Jun 1;109(6):1668-1676. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000401. PMID: 37076132Free PMC Article
Programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 but not HER2 is a potential therapeutic target in gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Yamashita S, Abe H, Kunita A, Yamashita H, Seto Y, Ushiku T
Histopathology 2021 Feb;78(3):381-391. Epub 2020 Sep 26 doi: 10.1111/his.14230. PMID: 32767778

Prognosis

De-escalating chemotherapy for stage I-II gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma? A real-world competing risk analysis.
Du D, Xie Y, Li X, Ni Z, Shi J, Huang H
World J Surg Oncol 2023 May 6;21(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s12957-023-03029-2. PMID: 37149679Free PMC Article
RUNDC3A/SNAP25/Akt signaling mediates tumor progression and chemoresistance in gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Lin Z, Kwok HF
Cell Death Dis 2022 Oct 1;13(10):840. doi: 10.1038/s41419-022-05294-7. PMID: 36182960Free PMC Article
Long-term surgical outcomes of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Iwasaki K, Barroga E, Enomoto M, Tsurui K, Shimoda Y, Matsumoto M, Miyoshi K, Ota Y, Matsubayashi J, Nagakawa Y
World J Surg Oncol 2022 May 24;20(1):165. doi: 10.1186/s12957-022-02625-y. PMID: 35610656Free PMC Article
The Clinicopathological Features and Overall Survival of Patients With Gastric Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.
Xu B, Chu Y, Hu Q, Song Q
Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15330338211055340. doi: 10.1177/15330338211055340. PMID: 34806493Free PMC Article
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of 232 patients with poorly differentiated gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Han D, Li YL, Zhou ZW, Yin F, Chen J, Liu F, Shi YF, Wang W, Zhang Y, Yu XJ, Xu JM, Yang RX, Tian C, Luo J, Tan HY
World J Gastroenterol 2021 Jun 7;27(21):2895-2909. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i21.2895. PMID: 34135560Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

De-escalating chemotherapy for stage I-II gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma? A real-world competing risk analysis.
Du D, Xie Y, Li X, Ni Z, Shi J, Huang H
World J Surg Oncol 2023 May 6;21(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s12957-023-03029-2. PMID: 37149679Free PMC Article
Expression of p53 and Rb reveal subtypes of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma with distinct prognosis.
Xing J, Chen J, You T, Sun Z, Lu T, Cheng Y, Wu H, Bai C
J Neuroendocrinol 2023 Apr;35(4):e13257. Epub 2023 Mar 25 doi: 10.1111/jne.13257. PMID: 36964649
Long-term surgical outcomes of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Iwasaki K, Barroga E, Enomoto M, Tsurui K, Shimoda Y, Matsumoto M, Miyoshi K, Ota Y, Matsubayashi J, Nagakawa Y
World J Surg Oncol 2022 May 24;20(1):165. doi: 10.1186/s12957-022-02625-y. PMID: 35610656Free PMC Article
The Clinicopathological Features and Overall Survival of Patients With Gastric Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.
Xu B, Chu Y, Hu Q, Song Q
Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15330338211055340. doi: 10.1177/15330338211055340. PMID: 34806493Free PMC Article
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach: clinical features and CT findings.
Liang P, Wang YX, Ren XC, Gao JB
Abdom Radiol (NY) 2016 Jan;41(1):19-24. doi: 10.1007/s00261-015-0593-7. PMID: 26830607

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