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Diabetic foot

MedGen UID:
60092
•Concept ID:
C0206172
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Diabetic Feet; Diabetic Foot; Feet, Diabetic; Foot, Diabetic
SNOMED CT: Diabetic foot (280137006)

Definition

Common foot problems in persons with DIABETES MELLITUS, caused by any combination of factors such as DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; and INFECTION. With the loss of sensation and poor circulation, injuries and infections often lead to severe foot ulceration, GANGRENE and AMPUTATION, SURGICAL. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVDiabetic foot

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Chronic Wounds: Evaluation and Management.
Bowers S, Franco E
Am Fam Physician 2020 Feb 1;101(3):159-166. PMID: 32003952
The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640
Update on management of diabetic foot ulcers.
Everett E, Mathioudakis N
Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018 Jan;1411(1):153-165. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13569. PMID: 29377202Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The diabetic foot ulcer.
Reardon R, Simring D, Kim B, Mortensen J, Williams D, Leslie A
Aust J Gen Pract 2020 May;49(5):250-255. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-11-19-5161. PMID: 32416652
The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640
Diabetic foot management: multidisciplinary approach for advanced lesion rescue.
Brocco E, Ninkovic S, Marin M, Whisstock C, Bruseghin M, Boschetti G, Viti R, Forlini W, Volpe A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2018 Oct;59(5):670-684. Epub 2018 May 29 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.18.10606-9. PMID: 29808982
Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Their Recurrence.
Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM, Bus SA
N Engl J Med 2017 Jun 15;376(24):2367-2375. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1615439. PMID: 28614678
Prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.
Lim JZ, Ng NS, Thomas C
J R Soc Med 2017 Mar;110(3):104-109. Epub 2017 Jan 24 doi: 10.1177/0141076816688346. PMID: 28116957Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

The diabetic foot ulcer.
Reardon R, Simring D, Kim B, Mortensen J, Williams D, Leslie A
Aust J Gen Pract 2020 May;49(5):250-255. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-11-19-5161. PMID: 32416652
The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640
Prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.
Lim JZ, Ng NS, Thomas C
J R Soc Med 2017 Mar;110(3):104-109. Epub 2017 Jan 24 doi: 10.1177/0141076816688346. PMID: 28116957Free PMC Article
Neuropathy and Diabetic Foot Syndrome.
Volmer-Thole M, Lobmann R
Int J Mol Sci 2016 Jun 10;17(6) doi: 10.3390/ijms17060917. PMID: 27294922Free PMC Article
Diabetic foot ulcers: prevention, diagnosis and classification.
Armstrong DG, Lavery LA
Am Fam Physician 1998 Mar 15;57(6):1325-32, 1337-8. PMID: 9531915

Therapy

Efficacy of moxibustion in diabetes peripheral neuropathy.
Tay JS, Kim YJ
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Dec 10;100(49):e28173. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000028173. PMID: 34889293Free PMC Article
Three Weeks Versus Six Weeks of Antibiotic Therapy for Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Prospective, Randomized, Noninferiority Pilot Trial.
Gariani K, Pham TT, Kressmann B, Jornayvaz FR, Gastaldi G, Stafylakis D, Philippe J, Lipsky BA, Uçkay L
Clin Infect Dis 2021 Oct 5;73(7):e1539-e1545. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1758. PMID: 33242083
Negative pressure wound therapy compared with standard moist wound care on diabetic foot ulcers in real-life clinical practice: results of the German DiaFu-RCT.
Seidel D, Storck M, Lawall H, Wozniak G, Mauckner P, Hochlenert D, Wetzel-Roth W, Sondern K, Hahn M, Rothenaicher G, Krönert T, Zink K, Neugebauer E
BMJ Open 2020 Mar 24;10(3):e026345. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026345. PMID: 32209619Free PMC Article
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for chronic wounds.
Kranke P, Bennett MH, Martyn-St James M, Schnabel A, Debus SE, Weibel S
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Jun 24;2015(6):CD004123. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004123.pub4. PMID: 26106870Free PMC Article
Honey as a topical treatment for wounds.
Jull AB, Cullum N, Dumville JC, Westby MJ, Deshpande S, Walker N
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Mar 6;2015(3):CD005083. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005083.pub4. PMID: 25742878Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Topical and intravenous administration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in patients with diabetic foot ulcer and peripheral arterial disease: a phase I pilot study with a 3-year follow-up.
Zhang C, Huang L, Wang X, Zhou X, Zhang X, Li L, Wu J, Kou M, Cai C, Lian Q, Zhou X
Stem Cell Res Ther 2022 Sep 5;13(1):451. doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-03143-0. PMID: 36064461Free PMC Article
Negative pressure wound therapy compared with standard moist wound care on diabetic foot ulcers in real-life clinical practice: results of the German DiaFu-RCT.
Seidel D, Storck M, Lawall H, Wozniak G, Mauckner P, Hochlenert D, Wetzel-Roth W, Sondern K, Hahn M, Rothenaicher G, Krönert T, Zink K, Neugebauer E
BMJ Open 2020 Mar 24;10(3):e026345. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026345. PMID: 32209619Free PMC Article
Diabetic foot care: knowledge and practice.
Pourkazemi A, Ghanbari A, Khojamli M, Balo H, Hemmati H, Jafaryparvar Z, Motamed B
BMC Endocr Disord 2020 Mar 20;20(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12902-020-0512-y. PMID: 32192488Free PMC Article
Pressure Injury.
Hajhosseini B, Longaker MT, Gurtner GC
Ann Surg 2020 Apr;271(4):671-679. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003567. PMID: 31460882
Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Their Recurrence.
Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM, Bus SA
N Engl J Med 2017 Jun 15;376(24):2367-2375. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1615439. PMID: 28614678

Clinical prediction guides

An update on potential biomarkers for diagnosing diabetic foot ulcer at early stage.
Wang Y, Shao T, Wang J, Huang X, Deng X, Cao Y, Zhou M, Zhao C
Biomed Pharmacother 2021 Jan;133:110991. Epub 2020 Nov 20 doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110991. PMID: 33227713
Diabetic foot care: knowledge and practice.
Pourkazemi A, Ghanbari A, Khojamli M, Balo H, Hemmati H, Jafaryparvar Z, Motamed B
BMC Endocr Disord 2020 Mar 20;20(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12902-020-0512-y. PMID: 32192488Free PMC Article
Diabetic foot ulcer classifications: A critical review.
Monteiro-Soares M, Boyko EJ, Jeffcoate W, Mills JL, Russell D, Morbach S, Game F
Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020 Mar;36 Suppl 1:e3272. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3272. PMID: 32176449
The diabetic foot: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment.
Bandyk DF
Semin Vasc Surg 2018 Jun-Dec;31(2-4):43-48. Epub 2019 Feb 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2019.02.001. PMID: 30876640
Diabetic foot management: multidisciplinary approach for advanced lesion rescue.
Brocco E, Ninkovic S, Marin M, Whisstock C, Bruseghin M, Boschetti G, Viti R, Forlini W, Volpe A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2018 Oct;59(5):670-684. Epub 2018 May 29 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.18.10606-9. PMID: 29808982

Recent systematic reviews

Prevention, assessment, diagnosis and management of diabetic foot based on clinical practice guidelines: A systematic review.
Pérez-Panero AJ, Ruiz-Muñoz M, Cuesta-Vargas AI, Gónzalez-Sánchez M
Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Aug;98(35):e16877. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000016877. PMID: 31464916Free PMC Article
Physical activity and exercise on diabetic foot related outcomes: A systematic review.
Matos M, Mendes R, Silva AB, Sousa N
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018 May;139:81-90. Epub 2018 Feb 23 doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.020. PMID: 29477503
Global epidemiology of diabetic foot ulceration: a systematic review and meta-analysis (†).
Zhang P, Lu J, Jing Y, Tang S, Zhu D, Bi Y
Ann Med 2017 Mar;49(2):106-116. Epub 2016 Nov 3 doi: 10.1080/07853890.2016.1231932. PMID: 27585063
Prevention of foot ulcers in the at-risk patient with diabetes: a systematic review.
van Netten JJ, Price PE, Lavery LA, Monteiro-Soares M, Rasmussen A, Jubiz Y, Bus SA; International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot
Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016 Jan;32 Suppl 1:84-98. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2701. PMID: 26340966
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for chronic wounds.
Kranke P, Bennett MH, Martyn-St James M, Schnabel A, Debus SE, Weibel S
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Jun 24;2015(6):CD004123. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004123.pub4. PMID: 26106870Free PMC Article

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