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HIV enteropathy

MedGen UID:
79492
•Concept ID:
C0282616
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: AIDS Associated Enteropathy; AIDS Enteropathies; AIDS Enteropathies, Idiopathic; AIDS Enteropathy; AIDS Enteropathy, Idiopathic; AIDS-Associated Enteropathies; AIDS-Associated Enteropathy; Enteropathies, AIDS; Enteropathies, AIDS-Associated; Enteropathies, HIV; Enteropathies, HIV-Associated; Enteropathies, Idiopathic AIDS; Enteropathy, AIDS; Enteropathy, AIDS Associated; Enteropathy, AIDS-Associated; Enteropathy, HIV; Enteropathy, HIV Associated; Enteropathy, HIV-Associated; Enteropathy, Idiopathic AIDS; HIV Associated Enteropathy; HIV Enteropathies; HIV Enteropathy; HIV-Associated Enteropathies; HIV-Associated Enteropathy; Idiopathic AIDS Enteropathies; Idiopathic AIDS Enteropathy
SNOMED CT: Human immunodeficiency virus enteropathy (235726002); HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus enteropathy (235726002); HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus diarrhea (235726002); Human immunodeficiency virus diarrhea (235726002); Human immunodeficiency virus non-pathogenic diarrhea (235726002)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005796

Definition

A syndrome characterized by chronic, well-established diarrhea (greater than one month in duration) without an identified infectious cause after thorough evaluation, in an hiv-positive individual. It is thought to be due to direct or indirect effects of hiv on the enteric mucosa. hiv enteropathy is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be made only after other forms of diarrheal illness have been ruled out. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 13th ed, pp1607-8; Haubrich et al., Bockus Gastroenterology, 5th ed, p1155) [from MONDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHIV enteropathy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Aetiology and management of malnutrition in HIV-positive children.
Rose AM, Hall CS, Martinez-Alier N
Arch Dis Child 2014 Jun;99(6):546-51. Epub 2014 Jan 9 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2012-303348. PMID: 24406803Free PMC Article
Etiology and pharmacologic management of noninfectious diarrhea in HIV-infected individuals in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era.
MacArthur RD, DuPont HL
Clin Infect Dis 2012 Sep;55(6):860-7. Epub 2012 Jun 14 doi: 10.1093/cid/cis544. PMID: 22700829
HIV enteropathy--a challenge in diagnosis and management.
Antony SJ
J Natl Med Assoc 1994 May;86(5):347-51. PMID: 8046760Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

HIV-Associated Complications: A Systems-Based Approach.
Chu C, Pollock LC, Selwyn PA
Am Fam Physician 2017 Aug 1;96(3):161-169. PMID: 28762691
HIV enteropathy and aging: gastrointestinal immunity, mucosal epithelial barrier, and microbial translocation.
Wang H, Kotler DP
Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2014 Jul;9(4):309-16. doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000066. PMID: 24871087
Microbial translocation and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV infection.
Trøseid M, Manner IW, Pedersen KK, Haissman JM, Kvale D, Nielsen SD
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014 Jun;30(6):514-22. Epub 2014 Mar 25 doi: 10.1089/aid.2013.0280. PMID: 24521167Free PMC Article
Aetiology and management of malnutrition in HIV-positive children.
Rose AM, Hall CS, Martinez-Alier N
Arch Dis Child 2014 Jun;99(6):546-51. Epub 2014 Jan 9 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2012-303348. PMID: 24406803Free PMC Article
Idiopathic AIDS enteropathy and treatment of gastrointestinal opportunistic pathogens.
Cello JP, Day LW
Gastroenterology 2009 May;136(6):1952-65. Epub 2009 May 7 doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.12.073. PMID: 19457421Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

HIV-Associated Complications: A Systems-Based Approach.
Chu C, Pollock LC, Selwyn PA
Am Fam Physician 2017 Aug 1;96(3):161-169. PMID: 28762691
Diarrhoea due to small bowel diseases.
Murray JA, Rubio-Tapia A
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2012 Oct;26(5):581-600. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.013. PMID: 23384804Free PMC Article
Diarrhea in the immunocompromised patient.
Krones E, Högenauer C
Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2012 Sep;41(3):677-701. Epub 2012 Jul 4 doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2012.06.009. PMID: 22917171
Enteropathies in the developing world: neglected effects on global health.
Prendergast A, Kelly P
Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012 May;86(5):756-63. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0743. PMID: 22556071Free PMC Article
HIV enteropathy--a challenge in diagnosis and management.
Antony SJ
J Natl Med Assoc 1994 May;86(5):347-51. PMID: 8046760Free PMC Article

Therapy

HIV enteropathy and 'Slim disease': Historical and current perspectives.
Kapembwa MS, Batman PA, Fleming SC, Griffin GE
Int J Infect Dis 2024 Feb;139:86-91. Epub 2023 Dec 4 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.037. PMID: 38052315
Common Gastrointestinal Complications Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS: An Overview.
Hall VP
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2018 Mar;30(1):101-107. Epub 2017 Dec 6 doi: 10.1016/j.cnc.2017.10.009. PMID: 29413205
Diarrhoea due to small bowel diseases.
Murray JA, Rubio-Tapia A
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2012 Oct;26(5):581-600. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.013. PMID: 23384804Free PMC Article
Diarrhea in the immunocompromised patient.
Krones E, Högenauer C
Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2012 Sep;41(3):677-701. Epub 2012 Jul 4 doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2012.06.009. PMID: 22917171
HIV enteropathy--a challenge in diagnosis and management.
Antony SJ
J Natl Med Assoc 1994 May;86(5):347-51. PMID: 8046760Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Impact of gastrointestinal physiology on drug absorption in special populations--An UNGAP review.
Stillhart C, Vučićević K, Augustijns P, Basit AW, Batchelor H, Flanagan TR, Gesquiere I, Greupink R, Keszthelyi D, Koskinen M, Madla CM, Matthys C, Miljuš G, Mooij MG, Parrott N, Ungell AL, de Wildt SN, Orlu M, Klein S, Müllertz A
Eur J Pharm Sci 2020 Apr 30;147:105280. Epub 2020 Feb 25 doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105280. PMID: 32109493
An endoscopic and pathological survey of digestive tract disorders in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus monitored in the Clinic of Infectious Diseases from Tirgu Mures, Romania.
Sincu NI, Mocan S, Chiriac LC, Băţagă S
Rom J Morphol Embryol 2014;55(3):885-90. PMID: 25329116
Seroepidemiology of hepatitis E virus infection in an urban population in Zambia: strong association with HIV and environmental enteropathy.
Jacobs C, Chiluba C, Phiri C, Lisulo MM, Chomba M, Hill PC, Ijaz S, Kelly P
J Infect Dis 2014 Mar 1;209(5):652-7. Epub 2013 Aug 6 doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit409. PMID: 23926328Free PMC Article
Gastric and intestinal barrier impairment in tropical enteropathy and HIV: limited impact of micronutrient supplementation during a randomised controlled trial.
Kelly P, Shawa T, Mwanamakondo S, Soko R, Smith G, Barclay GR, Sanderson IR
BMC Gastroenterol 2010 Jul 6;10:72. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-10-72. PMID: 20604937Free PMC Article
HIV1 and the gut in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Nannini EC, Okhuysen PC
Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2002 Oct;4(5):392-8. doi: 10.1007/s11894-002-0009-z. PMID: 12228041

Clinical prediction guides

Impact of gastrointestinal physiology on drug absorption in special populations--An UNGAP review.
Stillhart C, Vučićević K, Augustijns P, Basit AW, Batchelor H, Flanagan TR, Gesquiere I, Greupink R, Keszthelyi D, Koskinen M, Madla CM, Matthys C, Miljuš G, Mooij MG, Parrott N, Ungell AL, de Wildt SN, Orlu M, Klein S, Müllertz A
Eur J Pharm Sci 2020 Apr 30;147:105280. Epub 2020 Feb 25 doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105280. PMID: 32109493
HIV enteropathy and aging: gastrointestinal immunity, mucosal epithelial barrier, and microbial translocation.
Wang H, Kotler DP
Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2014 Jul;9(4):309-16. doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000066. PMID: 24871087
High dose multiple micronutrient supplementation improves villous morphology in environmental enteropathy without HIV enteropathy: results from a double-blind randomised placebo controlled trial in Zambian adults.
Louis-Auguste J, Greenwald S, Simuyandi M, Soko R, Banda R, Kelly P
BMC Gastroenterol 2014 Jan 15;14:15. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-14-15. PMID: 24428805Free PMC Article
Systemic antibody responses to gut commensal bacteria during chronic HIV-1 infection.
Haas A, Zimmermann K, Graw F, Slack E, Rusert P, Ledergerber B, Bossart W, Weber R, Thurnheer MC, Battegay M, Hirschel B, Vernazza P, Patuto N, Macpherson AJ, Günthard HF, Oxenius A; Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Gut 2011 Nov;60(11):1506-19. Epub 2011 Apr 21 doi: 10.1136/gut.2010.224774. PMID: 21515549
Monocyte/macrophage traffic in HIV and SIV encephalitis.
Kim WK, Corey S, Alvarez X, Williams K
J Leukoc Biol 2003 Nov;74(5):650-6. Epub 2003 Aug 11 doi: 10.1189/jlb.0503207. PMID: 12960230

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