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Focal autonomic seizure

MedGen UID:
869091
Concept ID:
C4023509
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Focal autonomic seizures; Focal onset autonomic epileptic seizure; Focal onset autonomic seizure; Focal-onset autonomic epileptic seizure
SNOMED CT: Focal onset autonomic seizure (1281835000); Focal autonomic seizure (1281835000); Focal onset autonomic epileptic seizure (1281835000); Focal-onset autonomic epileptic seizure (1281835000)
 
HPO: HP:0011154

Definition

An autonomic seizure is a type of focal non-motor seizure characterized by alteration of autonomic nervous system function as the initial semiological feature. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVFocal autonomic seizure

Conditions with this feature

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 14
MedGen UID:
767109
Concept ID:
C3554195
Disease or Syndrome
KCNT1-related epilepsy is most often associated with two phenotypes: epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) and autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE). EIMFS is characterized by seizures, typically focal and asynchronous, beginning in the first six months of life with associated developmental plateau or regression. Autonomic manifestations (e.g., perioral cyanosis, flushing, apnea) are common. Seizures are intractable to multiple anticonvulsants and progress to become nearly continuous by age six to nine months. ADNFLE is characterized by clusters of nocturnal motor seizures that vary from simple arousals to hyperkinetic events with tonic or dystonic features. Individuals with KCNT1-related ADNFLE are more likely to develop seizures at a younger age, have cognitive comorbidity, and display psychiatric and behavioral problems than individuals with ADNFLE resulting from other causes. Less common seizure phenotypes in individuals with KCNT1-related epilepsy include West syndrome, Ohtahara syndrome, early myoclonic encephalopathy, leukodystrophy and/or leukoencephalopathy, focal epilepsy, and multifocal epilepsy. Additional neurologic features include hypotonia, microcephaly developing by age 12 months, strabismus, profound developmental delay, and additional movement disorders. Other systemic manifestations including pulmonary hemorrhage caused by prominent systemic-to-pulmonary collateral arteries or cardiac arrhythmia have been reported.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Alam AM, Easton A, Nicholson TR, Irani SR, Davies NWS, Solomon T, Michael BD
Postgrad Med J 2023 Jul 21;99(1174):815-825. Epub 2022 Jun 23 doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2022-141812. PMID: 37490360
Endres D, Leypoldt F, Bechter K, Hasan A, Steiner J, Domschke K, Wandinger KP, Falkai P, Arolt V, Stich O, Rauer S, Prüss H, van Elst LT
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020 Oct;270(7):803-818. Epub 2020 Mar 12 doi: 10.1007/s00406-020-01113-2. PMID: 32166503Free PMC Article
Okabayashi T, Shima Y, Sumiyoshi T, Kozuki A, Ito S, Ogawa Y, Kobayashi M, Hanazaki K
World J Gastroenterol 2013 Feb 14;19(6):829-37. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i6.829. PMID: 23430217Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Cordelli DM, Aldrovandi A, Gentile V, Garone C, Conti S, Aceti A, Gennaro E, Zara F, Franzoni E
Seizure 2012 Mar;21(2):141-3. Epub 2011 Oct 19 doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.09.013. PMID: 22014581

Diagnosis

Cordelli DM, Aldrovandi A, Gentile V, Garone C, Conti S, Aceti A, Gennaro E, Zara F, Franzoni E
Seizure 2012 Mar;21(2):141-3. Epub 2011 Oct 19 doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.09.013. PMID: 22014581

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