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Acral lentiginous melanoma

MedGen UID:
87530
•Concept ID:
C0346037
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Acral lentiginous melanoma (disease); Palmar/plantar melanoma; Subungual melanoma
SNOMED CT: Acral lentiginous melanoma, malignant (16974005); Acral lentiginous malignant melanoma of skin (254732008); Acral lentiginous melanoma of skin (254732008); ALM - Acral lentiginous melanoma of skin (254732008); ALMM - Acral lentiginous malignant melanoma of skin (254732008)
 
HPO: HP:0012060
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0003865

Definition

A type of cutaneous melanoma localized to the palm, sole, or beneath the nail (subungual melanoma). Acral lentiginous melanoma starts as a slowly-enlarging flat patch of discolored skin and usually displays a size above 6 mm and often several centimeters or more in diameter upon diagnosis and variable pigmentation with a mixutre of colors including brown, and blue-grey, black and red. The surface of the lesion is initially smooth but later in the course may become thicker and irregular, and may ulcerate or bleed. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of acral melanoma.
Alhaskawi A, Ezzi SHA, Dong Y, Zhou H, Wang Z, Lai J, Yao C, Kota VG, Abdulla MHAH, Lu H
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024 Feb 15;25(2):106-122. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B2300221. PMID: 38303495Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and Management of Acral Pigmented Lesions.
Ingrassia JP, Stein JA, Levine A, Liebman TN
Dermatol Surg 2023 Oct 1;49(10):926-931. Epub 2023 Aug 8 doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003891. PMID: 37556446
Diagnosis and Management of Acral Lentiginous Melanoma.
Nakamura Y, Fujisawa Y
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2018 Jun 27;19(8):42. doi: 10.1007/s11864-018-0560-y. PMID: 29951919

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Melanoma.
Usatine RP, Heath CR
J Fam Pract 2022 May;71(4):178-179. doi: 10.12788/jfp.0410. PMID: 35730705
Survival differences in acral lentiginous melanoma according to socioeconomic status and race.
Yan BY, Barilla S, Strunk A, Garg A
J Am Acad Dermatol 2022 Feb;86(2):379-386. Epub 2021 Aug 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.07.049. PMID: 34363907
Acral lentiginous melanoma: A retrospective study.
Redi U, Marruzzo G, Lovero S, Khokhar HT, Lo Torto F, Ribuffo D
J Cosmet Dermatol 2021 Jun;20(6):1813-1820. Epub 2020 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/jocd.13737. PMID: 32979858
Melanoma in non-caucasian populations.
Stubblefield J, Kelly B
Surg Clin North Am 2014 Oct;94(5):1115-26, ix. Epub 2014 Aug 19 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2014.07.008. PMID: 25245971
Malignant melanoma.
Runkle GP, Zaloznik AJ
Am Fam Physician 1994 Jan;49(1):91-8, 102-4. PMID: 8273727

Diagnosis

Dermatoscopy of melanoma according to type, anatomic site and stage.
Lallas A, Paschou E, Manoli SM, Papageorgiou C, Spyridis I, Liopyris K, Bobos M, Moutsoudis A, Lazaridou E, Apalla Z
Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021 Jun;156(3):274-288. Epub 2020 Dec 14 doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.20.06784-X. PMID: 33314891
Early detection of acral melanoma: A review of clinical, dermoscopic, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics.
Darmawan CC, Jo G, Montenegro SE, Kwak Y, Cheol L, Cho KH, Mun JH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Sep;81(3):805-812. Epub 2019 Feb 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.01.081. PMID: 30731177
Amelanotic melanoma.
Gong HZ, Zheng HY, Li J
Melanoma Res 2019 Jun;29(3):221-230. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000571. PMID: 30672881
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma.
Goydos JS, Shoen SL
Cancer Treat Res 2016;167:321-9. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_14. PMID: 26601870
Acral lentiginous melanoma.
Piliang MP
Clin Lab Med 2011 Jun;31(2):281-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2011.03.005. PMID: 21549241

Therapy

Melanoma in skin of color: Part II. Racial disparities, role of UV, and interventions for earlier detection.
Brunsgaard EK, Jensen J, Grossman D
J Am Acad Dermatol 2023 Sep;89(3):459-468. Epub 2022 May 7 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.04.057. PMID: 35533770
Caucasians with acral lentiginous melanoma have the same outcome as patients with stage- and limb-matched superficial spreading melanoma.
Susok L, Gambichler T
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022 Feb;148(2):497-502. Epub 2021 Apr 15 doi: 10.1007/s00432-021-03630-6. PMID: 33856527Free PMC Article
Acral lentiginous melanoma versus other melanoma: A single-center analysis in Japan.
Wada M, Ito T, Tsuji G, Nakahara T, Hagihara A, Furue M, Uchi H
J Dermatol 2017 Aug;44(8):932-938. Epub 2017 Mar 24 doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.13834. PMID: 28342269
Melanoma in non-caucasian populations.
Stubblefield J, Kelly B
Surg Clin North Am 2014 Oct;94(5):1115-26, ix. Epub 2014 Aug 19 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2014.07.008. PMID: 25245971
PlayStation purpura.
Robertson SJ, Leonard J, Chamberlain AJ
Australas J Dermatol 2010 Aug;51(3):220-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2010.00652.x. PMID: 20695869

Prognosis

Early detection of acral melanoma: A review of clinical, dermoscopic, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics.
Darmawan CC, Jo G, Montenegro SE, Kwak Y, Cheol L, Cho KH, Mun JH
J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Sep;81(3):805-812. Epub 2019 Feb 5 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.01.081. PMID: 30731177
Amelanotic melanoma.
Gong HZ, Zheng HY, Li J
Melanoma Res 2019 Jun;29(3):221-230. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000571. PMID: 30672881
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma.
Goydos JS, Shoen SL
Cancer Treat Res 2016;167:321-9. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_14. PMID: 26601870
Acral lentiginous melanoma.
Piliang MP
Clin Lab Med 2011 Jun;31(2):281-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2011.03.005. PMID: 21549241
Malignant melanoma.
Runkle GP, Zaloznik AJ
Am Fam Physician 1994 Jan;49(1):91-8, 102-4. PMID: 8273727

Clinical prediction guides

Acral lentiginous melanoma histotype predicts outcome in clinical stage I-II melanoma patients: an International multicenter study.
Mandalà M, Rutkowski P, Galli F, Patuzzo R, De Giorgi V, Rulli E, Gianatti A, Valeri B, Merelli B, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, Massi D, Maurichi A, Teterycz P, Santinami M
ESMO Open 2022 Jun;7(3):100469. Epub 2022 Apr 11 doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100469. PMID: 35421840Free PMC Article
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in significantly thick acral lentiginous melanoma in Taiwan.
Lee TL, Lin MH, Liao YH, Liau JY, Sheen YS
J Formos Med Assoc 2022 Nov;121(11):2338-2344. Epub 2021 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.12.001. PMID: 34961669
More than just acral melanoma: the controversies of defining the disease.
Bernardes SS, Ferreira I, Elder DE, Nobre AB, Martínez-Said H, Adams DJ, Robles-Espinoza CD, Possik PA
J Pathol Clin Res 2021 Nov;7(6):531-541. Epub 2021 Jul 2 doi: 10.1002/cjp2.233. PMID: 34213090Free PMC Article
Prognostic factors and survival in acral lentiginous melanoma.
Asgari MM, Shen L, Sokil MM, Yeh I, Jorgenson E
Br J Dermatol 2017 Aug;177(2):428-435. Epub 2017 Jul 28 doi: 10.1111/bjd.15600. PMID: 28432682
Penile melanosis.
Revuz J, Clerici T
J Am Acad Dermatol 1989 Apr;20(4):567-70. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(89)70064-5. PMID: 2715403

Recent systematic reviews

c-Kit inhibitors for unresectable or metastatic mucosal, acral or chronically sun-damaged melanoma: a systematic review and one-arm meta-analysis.
Steeb T, Wessely A, Petzold A, Kohl C, Erdmann M, Berking C, Heppt MV
Eur J Cancer 2021 Nov;157:348-357. Epub 2021 Sep 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.08.015. PMID: 34562816
Metastatic acral lentiginous melanoma in a tertiary referral center in Switzerland: a systematic analysis.
Häfliger EM, Ramelyte E, Mangana J, Kunz M, Kazakov DV, Dummer R, Cheng PF
Melanoma Res 2018 Oct;28(5):442-450. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000465. PMID: 29847461
Melanoma of the hand and foot: epidemiological, prognostic and genetic features. A systematic review.
Durbec F, Martin L, Derancourt C, Grange F
Br J Dermatol 2012 Apr;166(4):727-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10772.x. PMID: 22175696

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