From HPO
Renal phosphate wasting- MedGen UID:
- 335116
- •Concept ID:
- C1845169
- •
- Finding
High urine phosphate in the presence of hypophosphatemia.
Short phalanx of finger- MedGen UID:
- 163753
- •Concept ID:
- C0877165
- •
- Finding
Short (hypoplastic) phalanx of finger, affecting one or more phalanges.
Short metacarpal- MedGen UID:
- 323064
- •Concept ID:
- C1837084
- •
- Anatomical Abnormality
Diminished length of one or more metacarpal bones in relation to the others of the same hand or to the contralateral metacarpal.
Flat acetabular roof- MedGen UID:
- 373340
- •Concept ID:
- C1837485
- •
- Finding
Flattening of the superior part of the acetabulum, which is a cup-shaped cavity at the base of the hipbone into which the ball-shaped head of the femur fits. The acetabular roof thereby appears horizontal rather than arched, as it normally does.
Short palm- MedGen UID:
- 334684
- •Concept ID:
- C1843108
- •
- Finding
Short palm.
Short foot- MedGen UID:
- 376415
- •Concept ID:
- C1848673
- •
- Finding
A measured foot length that is more than 2 SD below the mean for a newborn of 27 - 41 weeks gestation, or foot that is less than the 3rd centile for individuals from birth to 16 years of age (objective). Alternatively, a foot that appears disproportionately short (subjective).
Rhizomelia- MedGen UID:
- 357122
- •Concept ID:
- C1866730
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Disproportionate shortening of the proximal segment of limbs (i.e. the femur and humerus).
Disproportionate short-limb short stature- MedGen UID:
- 342370
- •Concept ID:
- C1849937
- •
- Finding
A type of disproportionate short stature characterized by a short limbs but an average-sized trunk.
Protuberant abdomen- MedGen UID:
- 340750
- •Concept ID:
- C1854928
- •
- Finding
A thrusting or bulging out of the abdomen.
Low-set ears- MedGen UID:
- 65980
- •Concept ID:
- C0239234
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Upper insertion of the ear to the scalp below an imaginary horizontal line drawn between the inner canthi of the eye and extending posteriorly to the ear.
Posteriorly rotated ears- MedGen UID:
- 96566
- •Concept ID:
- C0431478
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front).
Motor delay- MedGen UID:
- 381392
- •Concept ID:
- C1854301
- •
- Finding
A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.
Hypotonia- MedGen UID:
- 10133
- •Concept ID:
- C0026827
- •
- Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Scoliosis- MedGen UID:
- 11348
- •Concept ID:
- C0036439
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Frontal bossing- MedGen UID:
- 67453
- •Concept ID:
- C0221354
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline.
Narrow chest- MedGen UID:
- 96528
- •Concept ID:
- C0426790
- •
- Finding
Reduced width of the chest from side to side, associated with a reduced distance from the sternal notch to the tip of the shoulder.
Large fontanelles- MedGen UID:
- 105329
- •Concept ID:
- C0456132
- •
- Finding
In newborns, the two frontal bones, two parietal bones, and one occipital bone are joined by fibrous sutures, which form a small posterior fontanelle, and a larger, diamond-shaped anterior fontanelle. These regions allow for the skull to pass the birth canal and for later growth. The fontanelles gradually ossify, whereby the posterior fontanelle usually closes by eight weeks and the anterior fontanelle by the 9th to 16th month of age. Large fontanelles are diagnosed if the fontanelles are larger than age-dependent norms.
Metaphyseal cupping- MedGen UID:
- 323062
- •Concept ID:
- C1837082
- •
- Finding
Metaphyseal cupping refers to an inward bulging of the metaphyseal profile giving the metaphysis a cup-like appearance.
Posterior rib cupping- MedGen UID:
- 325182
- •Concept ID:
- C1837483
- •
- Finding
Wide, concave posterior rib end.
Squared iliac bones- MedGen UID:
- 324963
- •Concept ID:
- C1838186
- •
- Finding
A shift from the normally round (convex) appearance of the iliac wing towards a square-like appearance.
Anterior rib cupping- MedGen UID:
- 337520
- •Concept ID:
- C1846154
- •
- Finding
Wide, concave anterior rib end.
Odontoid hypoplasia- MedGen UID:
- 339524
- •Concept ID:
- C1846439
- •
- Finding
The odontoid process, or dens, is a bony projection from the axis (C2) upward into the ring of the atlas (C1) at the top of the spine. During embryogenesis, the body of the odontoid derives from the centrum of the atlas and separates from the atlas, fusing with the superior portion of the axis. If the odontoid is hypoplastic or absent, the attachments for the apical and alar ligaments are missing, allowing for excessive rotation of the atlas, craniocervical instability, and possibly cord compression (summary by Stevens et al., 2009).
Severe platyspondyly- MedGen UID:
- 338014
- •Concept ID:
- C1850293
- •
- Finding
Short long bone- MedGen UID:
- 344385
- •Concept ID:
- C1854912
- •
- Finding
One or more abnormally short long bone.
Generalized hypotonia- MedGen UID:
- 346841
- •Concept ID:
- C1858120
- •
- Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
Hypoplastic ischia- MedGen UID:
- 347146
- •Concept ID:
- C1859447
- •
- Finding
Underdevelopment of the ischium, which forms the lower and back part of the hip bone.
Small foramen magnum- MedGen UID:
- 348813
- •Concept ID:
- C1861217
- •
- Finding
An abnormal narrowing of the foramen magnum.
Hypoplastic vertebral bodies- MedGen UID:
- 354963
- •Concept ID:
- C1863353
- •
- Congenital Abnormality
Hypoplastic pubic bone- MedGen UID:
- 355894
- •Concept ID:
- C1865030
- •
- Finding
Underdevelopment of the pubis, which together with the ilium and the ischium, is one of the three bones that make up the hip bone.
Bell-shaped thorax- MedGen UID:
- 351320
- •Concept ID:
- C1865186
- •
- Finding
The rib cage has the shape of a wide mouthed bell. That is, the superior portion of the rib cage is constricted, followed by a convex region, and the inferior portion of the rib cage expands again to have a large diameter.
Shallow orbits- MedGen UID:
- 351328
- •Concept ID:
- C1865244
- •
- Finding
Reduced depth of the orbits associated with prominent-appearing ocular globes.
Macrocephaly- MedGen UID:
- 745757
- •Concept ID:
- C2243051
- •
- Finding
Occipitofrontal (head) circumference greater than 97th centile compared to appropriate, age matched, sex-matched normal standards. Alternatively, a apparently increased size of the cranium.
Respiratory insufficiency- MedGen UID:
- 11197
- •Concept ID:
- C0035229
- •
- Pathologic Function
Impairment of gas exchange within the lungs secondary to a disease process, neoplasm, or trauma, possibly resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, but not requiring intubation or mechanical ventilation. Patients are normally managed with pharmaceutical therapy, supplemental oxygen, or both.
Recurrent respiratory infections- MedGen UID:
- 812812
- •Concept ID:
- C3806482
- •
- Finding
An increased susceptibility to respiratory infections as manifested by a history of recurrent respiratory infections.
Edema- MedGen UID:
- 4451
- •Concept ID:
- C0013604
- •
- Pathologic Function
An abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, or in one or more cavities of the body.
Hypophosphatemia- MedGen UID:
- 39327
- •Concept ID:
- C0085682
- •
- Disease or Syndrome
An abnormally decreased phosphate concentration in the blood.
High forehead- MedGen UID:
- 65991
- •Concept ID:
- C0239676
- •
- Finding
An abnormally increased height of the forehead.
Short neck- MedGen UID:
- 99267
- •Concept ID:
- C0521525
- •
- Finding
Diminished length of the neck.
Depressed nasal bridge- MedGen UID:
- 373112
- •Concept ID:
- C1836542
- •
- Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Prominent forehead- MedGen UID:
- 373291
- •Concept ID:
- C1837260
- •
- Finding
Forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone.
Anteverted nares- MedGen UID:
- 326648
- •Concept ID:
- C1840077
- •
- Finding
Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).
Long palpebral fissure- MedGen UID:
- 340300
- •Concept ID:
- C1849340
- •
- Finding
Distance between medial and lateral canthi is more than two standard deviations above the mean for age (objective); or, apparently increased length of the palpebral fissures.
Short nose- MedGen UID:
- 343052
- •Concept ID:
- C1854114
- •
- Finding
Distance from nasion to subnasale more than two standard deviations below the mean, or alternatively, an apparently decreased length from the nasal root to the nasal tip.
Long philtrum- MedGen UID:
- 351278
- •Concept ID:
- C1865014
- •
- Finding
Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.
Soft, doughy skin- MedGen UID:
- 341366
- •Concept ID:
- C1849043
- •
- Finding
A skin texture that is unusually soft (and may feel silky), and has a malleable consistency resembling that of dough.
Polyhydramnios- MedGen UID:
- 6936
- •Concept ID:
- C0020224
- •
- Pathologic Function
The presence of excess amniotic fluid in the uterus during pregnancy.
Oligohydramnios- MedGen UID:
- 86974
- •Concept ID:
- C0079924
- •
- Pathologic Function
Diminished amniotic fluid volume in pregnancy.
Hypertelorism- MedGen UID:
- 9373
- •Concept ID:
- C0020534
- •
- Finding
Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).
- Abnormality of head or neck
- Abnormality of limbs
- Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis
- Abnormality of prenatal development or birth
- Abnormality of the digestive system
- Abnormality of the eye
- Abnormality of the genitourinary system
- Abnormality of the integument
- Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system
- Ear malformation
- Growth abnormality