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Microspherophakia

MedGen UID:
288328
Concept ID:
C1562061
Congenital Abnormality
SNOMED CT: Microspherophakia (416671000)
 
Related gene: LTBP2
 
HPO: HP:0030961

Definition

Microspherophakia (MSP) is a rare disease characterized by smaller and more spherical lenses than normal bilaterally, an increased anteroposterior thickness of the lens, and highly myopic eyes. Lens dislocation or subluxation may occur, leading to defective accommodation (summary by Ben Yahia et al., 2009). Microspherophakia may occur in association with ectopia lentis and glaucoma, Marfan syndrome (MFS; 154700), and Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS; 277600). [from OMIM]

Conditions with this feature

Marfan syndrome
MedGen UID:
44287
Concept ID:
C0024796
Disease or Syndrome
FBN1-related Marfan syndrome (Marfan syndrome), a systemic disorder of connective tissue with a high degree of clinical variability, comprises a broad phenotypic continuum ranging from mild (features of Marfan syndrome in one or a few systems) to severe and rapidly progressive neonatal multiorgan disease. Cardinal manifestations involve the ocular, skeletal, and cardiovascular systems. Ocular findings include myopia (>50% of affected individuals); ectopia lentis (seen in approximately 60% of affected individuals); and an increased risk for retinal detachment, glaucoma, and early cataracts. Skeletal system manifestations include bone overgrowth and joint laxity; disproportionately long extremities for the size of the trunk (dolichostenomelia); overgrowth of the ribs that can push the sternum in (pectus excavatum) or out (pectus carinatum); and scoliosis that ranges from mild to severe and progressive. The major morbidity and early mortality in Marfan syndrome relate to the cardiovascular system and include dilatation of the aorta at the level of the sinuses of Valsalva (predisposing to aortic tear and rupture), mitral valve prolapse with or without regurgitation, tricuspid valve prolapse, and enlargement of the proximal pulmonary artery. Severe and prolonged regurgitation of the mitral and/or aortic valve can predispose to left ventricular dysfunction and occasionally heart failure. With proper management, the life expectancy of someone with Marfan syndrome approximates that of the general population.
Weill-Marchesani syndrome 2, dominant
MedGen UID:
358388
Concept ID:
C1869115
Disease or Syndrome
Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by abnormalities of the lens of the eye, short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, and cardiovascular defects. The ocular problems, typically recognized in childhood, include microspherophakia (small spherical lens), myopia secondary to the abnormal shape of the lens, ectopia lentis (abnormal position of the lens), and glaucoma, which can lead to blindness. Height of adult males is 142-169 cm; height of adult females is 130-157 cm. Autosomal recessive WMS cannot be distinguished from autosomal dominant WMS by clinical findings alone.
Microspherophakia and/or megalocornea, with ectopia lentis and with or without secondary glaucoma
MedGen UID:
761238
Concept ID:
C3538951
Disease or Syndrome
Weill-Marchesani syndrome 3
MedGen UID:
766699
Concept ID:
C3553785
Disease or Syndrome
Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by abnormalities of the lens of the eye, short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, and cardiovascular defects. The ocular problems, typically recognized in childhood, include microspherophakia (small spherical lens), myopia secondary to the abnormal shape of the lens, ectopia lentis (abnormal position of the lens), and glaucoma, which can lead to blindness. Height of adult males is 142-169 cm; height of adult females is 130-157 cm. Autosomal recessive WMS cannot be distinguished from autosomal dominant WMS by clinical findings alone.
Weill-Marchesani syndrome 1
MedGen UID:
1637058
Concept ID:
C4552002
Disease or Syndrome
Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by abnormalities of the lens of the eye, short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, and cardiovascular defects. The ocular problems, typically recognized in childhood, include microspherophakia (small spherical lens), myopia secondary to the abnormal shape of the lens, ectopia lentis (abnormal position of the lens), and glaucoma, which can lead to blindness. Height of adult males is 142-169 cm; height of adult females is 130-157 cm. Autosomal recessive WMS cannot be distinguished from autosomal dominant WMS by clinical findings alone.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Guo D, Liu L, Yang F, Young CA, Zheng D, Jin G
Exp Eye Res 2023 Sep;234:109606. Epub 2023 Jul 26 doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109606. PMID: 37506754
Yu X, Chen W, Xu W
J Cataract Refract Surg 2020 Dec;46(12):1674-1679. doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000334. PMID: 32694307
Senthil S, Rao HL, Hoang NT, Jonnadula GB, Addepalli UK, Mandal AK, Garudadari CS
J Glaucoma 2014 Apr-May;23(4):262-7. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e3182707437. PMID: 23059485

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Urkude J, Singh R, Titiyal JS, Sharma N
Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Oct;70(10):3677-3680. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_588_22. PMID: 36190071Free PMC Article
Venkataraman P, Haripriya A, Mohan N, Rajendran A
Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jul;70(7):2262-2271. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2888_21. PMID: 35791105Free PMC Article
Senthil S, Rao HL, Babu JG, Mandal AK, Addepalli UK, Garudadri CS
Indian J Ophthalmol 2014 May;62(5):601-5. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.129785. PMID: 24881609Free PMC Article
Subbiah S, Thomas PA, Jesudasan CA
Indian J Ophthalmol 2014 May;62(5):596-600. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.129787. PMID: 24881608Free PMC Article
Le Goff C, Cormier-Daire V
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2012 Aug 15;160C(3):145-53. Epub 2012 Jul 12 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31337. PMID: 22791552

Diagnosis

Bari A, Asif MI, Anjum S, Sinha R
BMJ Case Rep 2022 Mar 29;15(3) doi: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249209. PMID: 35351765Free PMC Article
de Saint Sauveur G, Chapron T, Caputo G
Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2022 Jan-Feb;5(1):31. doi: 10.1016/j.ogla.2021.09.011. PMID: 35067278
Yu X, Chen W, Xu W
J Cataract Refract Surg 2020 Dec;46(12):1674-1679. doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000334. PMID: 32694307
Shakrawal J, Selvan H, Sharma A, Angmo D
Indian J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar;67(3):394-395. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_978_18. PMID: 30777961Free PMC Article
Senthil S, Rao HL, Hoang NT, Jonnadula GB, Addepalli UK, Mandal AK, Garudadari CS
J Glaucoma 2014 Apr-May;23(4):262-7. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e3182707437. PMID: 23059485

Therapy

Chattannavar G, Mohamed A, Malgi V, Kekunnaya R
BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023 Jan;8(1) doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001049. PMID: 37278431Free PMC Article
Canabrava S, Rodrigues G, Halabi NN, Rezende AC, Cardoso M
Arq Bras Oftalmol 2023 Mar-Apr;86(2):113-120. doi: 10.5935/0004-2749.20230022. PMID: 35417514
Venkataraman P, Haripriya A, Mohan N, Rajendran A
Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jul;70(7):2262-2271. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2888_21. PMID: 35791105Free PMC Article
Subbiah S, Thomas PA, Jesudasan CA
Indian J Ophthalmol 2014 May;62(5):596-600. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.129787. PMID: 24881608Free PMC Article
Senthil S, Rao HL, Hoang NT, Jonnadula GB, Addepalli UK, Mandal AK, Garudadari CS
J Glaucoma 2014 Apr-May;23(4):262-7. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e3182707437. PMID: 23059485

Prognosis

Chattannavar G, Mohamed A, Malgi V, Kekunnaya R
BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023 Jan;8(1) doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001049. PMID: 37278431Free PMC Article
Muralidhar R, Ankush K, Vijayalakshmi P, George VP
Eye (Lond) 2015 Mar;29(3):350-5. Epub 2014 Nov 14 doi: 10.1038/eye.2014.250. PMID: 25397784Free PMC Article
Senthil S, Rao HL, Babu JG, Mandal AK, Addepalli UK, Garudadri CS
Indian J Ophthalmol 2014 May;62(5):601-5. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.129785. PMID: 24881609Free PMC Article
Subbiah S, Thomas PA, Jesudasan CA
Indian J Ophthalmol 2014 May;62(5):596-600. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.129787. PMID: 24881608Free PMC Article
Kumar A, Duvvari MR, Prabhakaran VC, Shetty JS, Murthy GJ, Blanton SH
Hum Genet 2010 Oct;128(4):365-71. Epub 2010 Jul 9 doi: 10.1007/s00439-010-0858-8. PMID: 20617341

Clinical prediction guides

Chattannavar G, Mohamed A, Malgi V, Kekunnaya R
BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023 Jan;8(1) doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001049. PMID: 37278431Free PMC Article
Liu Q, Wang X, Zhang S
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Aug 21;99(34):e21937. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021937. PMID: 32846863Free PMC Article
Senthil S, Balijepalli P, Garudadri C, Jalali S
J Glaucoma 2019 Jan;28(1):20-26. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001124. PMID: 30461550
Le Goff C, Cormier-Daire V
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2012 Aug 15;160C(3):145-53. Epub 2012 Jul 12 doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31337. PMID: 22791552
Kumar A, Duvvari MR, Prabhakaran VC, Shetty JS, Murthy GJ, Blanton SH
Hum Genet 2010 Oct;128(4):365-71. Epub 2010 Jul 9 doi: 10.1007/s00439-010-0858-8. PMID: 20617341

Recent systematic reviews

Yu X, Chen W, Xu W
J Cataract Refract Surg 2020 Dec;46(12):1674-1679. doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000334. PMID: 32694307

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