Alternative titles; symbols
SNOMEDCT: 723446006; ORPHA: 93337;
Manoiloff (1931) reported a 5-generation Russian family (Scipion family), descended from Italian and Polish ancestors, in which hexadactyly involving the index finger had been transmitted for approximately 700 years. Examination of the proband showed that all fingers were well developed with normal nails. His left foot showed 'double toes' at the second toe, with cutaneous syndactyly but 2 distinct nails; the same double toe was not quite as developed on the right foot, appearing as a broad toe with single nail in published photos. Muscles of the extremities appeared to be normal. Hand x-rays showed a normal array of carpal bones, but the presence of an extra metacarpal articulating with the trapezium; similarly, foot x-rays showed that the medial os cuneiformis was connected with 2 metatarsal bones instead of one. The author stated that both thumbs should be considered 'supplementary fingers;' the published x-rays appear to show triphalangeal thumbs bilaterally. James and Lamb (1963) noted that in some cases the feet may show preaxial polydactyly of the first toes.
Atasu, M. Hereditary index finger polydactyly: phenotypic, radiological, dermatoglyphic, and genetic findings in a large family. J. Med. Genet. 13: 469-476, 1976. [PubMed: 1018306] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1136/jmg.13.6.469]
James, J. I. R., Lamb, D. W. Congenital abnormalities of the limbs. Practitioner 191: 159-172, 1963. [PubMed: 14048524]
Manoiloff, E. O. A rare case of hereditary hexadactylism. Am. J. Phys. Anthrop. 15: 503-508, 1931.