HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: CYP2W1
Cytogenetic location: 7p22.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 7:983,181-989,640 (from NCBI)
CYP2W1 is an ancient member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes, which are involved in myriad metabolic and biosynthetic reactions (Nelson et al., 2004).
By database analysis to identify CYP2 sequences, followed by PCR of a HepG2 cDNA library, Karlgren et al. (2006) cloned CYP2W1. The deduced 490-amino acid protein shares highest similarity with CYP2D6 (124030) and CYP2S1 (611529). Northern blot analysis detected an approximately 2.3-kb CYP2W1 transcript in HepG2 cells. However, CYP2W1 expression in normal adult and fetal tissues was below the level of detection by Northern and RNA dot blot analyses. Real-time PCR detected weak CYP2W1 expression in adult pancreas, placenta, colon, and prostate and in fetal kidney, liver, and lung. CYP2W1 expression was high in several colon tumors and moderate in several adrenal gland tumors. High Cyp2w1 expression was also detected in fetal rat colon just before birth, with lower expression in fetal rat lung and brain. Expression in colon was downregulated in 8- and 14-week-old animals. Western blot analysis detected CYP2W1 proteins of 54 and 52 kD in HepG2 extracts. Fractionated colon tumors revealed CYP2W1 localization to mitochondria and/or microsomes.
By assaying microsomes isolated from transfected HEK293 cells, Karlgren et al. (2006) showed that CYP2W1 metabolized arachidonic acid at a small but significant rate. They found that cell lines with low CYP2W1 expression showed methylation of the 5-prime region of the CYP2W1 gene and that upregulated CYP2W1 expression in HepG2 cells was due to demethylation.
Nelson et al. (2004) determined that the CYP2W1 gene contains 9 exons.
Karlgren et al. (2006) determined that the CYP2W1 gene spans over 5.5 kb. The 5-prime flanking region, first exon, and first intron of the CYP2W1 gene contain abundant CpG dinucleotides, including 2 CpG islands.
By genomic sequence analysis, Karlgren et al. (2006) mapped the CYP2W1 gene to chromosome 7p22.3.
Karlgren, M., Gomez, A., Stark, K., Svard, J., Rodriguez-Antona, C., Oliw, E., Bernal, M. L., Ramon y Cajal, S., Johansson, I., Ingelman-Sundberg, M. Tumor-specific expression of the novel cytochrome P450 enzyme, CYP2W1. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 341: 451-458, 2006. [PubMed: 16426568] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.200]
Nelson, D. R., Zeldin, D. C., Hoffman, S. M. G., Maltais, L. J., Wain, H. M., Nebert, D. W. Comparison of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes from the mouse and human genomes, including nomenclature recommendations for genes, pseudogenes and alternative-splice variants. Pharmacogenetics 14: 1-18, 2004. [PubMed: 15128046] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1097/00008571-200401000-00001]