Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: SNRNP35
Cytogenetic location: 12q24.31 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 12:123,458,139-123,473,154 (from NCBI)
U11 and U12 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) bind U12 (RNU12; 620204)-type pre-mRNAs as preformed U11/U12 snRNP complexes, simultaneously recognizing the 5-prime splice site and branchpoint sequence. SNRNP35 is a component of U11 snRNPs and U11/U12 snRNPs that appears to play a key role in U12-type splicing (Will et al., 2004).
Adams et al. (1998) cloned SNRNP35, which they called HM1, from a U937 human macrophage cDNA library. The full-length 246-amino acid protein has a calculated molecular mass of 29.4 kD. The N-terminal half of HM1 contains 3 motifs present in the U1-70K splicing factor (SNRNP70; 180740). The C-terminal half of HM1 is rich in arginine, including several arg/asp (RD) and arg/glu (RE) dipeptides characteristic of the RD family of splicing factors. Northern blot analysis detected HM1 transcripts of 1.4 and 1.0 kb in U937 cells. Among human tissues, a 1.0-kb transcript was expressed ubiquitously, with highest levels in heart, liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas. In addition, a 1.4-kb transcript was detected in placenta, ling, liver, and skeletal muscle, and a 5.0-kb transcript was detected in heart, placenta, skeletal muscle, and kidney.
Will et al. (2004) reported that the 246-amino acid SNRNP35 protein, which they called 35K, has a domain structure similar to that of U1-70K and contains an N-terminal RNA recognition motif (RRM) and a C-terminal serine/arginine-rich (SR) domain. Orthologs of SNRNP35 are present in a variety of vertebrates, insects, and plants, but are absent in S. cerevisiae, S. pombe, C. elegans, and Drosophila.
By affinity purification and mass spectrometric analysis, Will et al. (2004) identified SNRNP35 as a 35-kD component of U11/U12 snRNPs and U11 snRNPs from HeLa cell nuclear extracts. Immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed association of SNRNP35 with U11/U12 snRNPs and U11 snRNPs. Knockdown of SNRNP35 significantly inhibited HeLa cell growth, suggesting that SNRNP35 plays an essential role in U12-type splicing.
Gross (2021) mapped the SNRNP35 gene to chromosome 12q24.31 based on an alignment of the SNRNP35 sequence (GenBank BC028485) with the genomic sequence (GRCh38).
Adams, D. S., Li, Q., Tan, X., Pero, S. C., Czop, J. K. Cloning and characterization of a family of cDNAs from human histiocyte macrophage cells encoding arginine-rich basic protein related to the 70 kD U1-snRNP splicing factor. DNA Seq. 9: 205-215, 1998. [PubMed: 10520751] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.3109/10425179809105207]
Gross, M. B. Personal Communication. Baltimore, Md. 11/19/2021.
Will, C. L., Schneider, C., Hossbach, M., Urlaub, H., Rauhut, R., Elbashir, S., Tuschl, T., Luhrmann, R. The human 18S U11/U12 snRNP contains a set of novel proteins not found in the U2-dependent spliceosome. RNA 10: 929-941, 2004. [PubMed: 15146077] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1261/rna.7320604]