Name: rs2304297
Published: September 21, 2022
License: Open Access

Welcome to the Reference SNP (rs) Report

All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Click on the Variant Details tab for details on Genomic Placement, Gene, and Amino Acid changes. HGVS names are in the HGVS tab.

Reference SNP (rs) Report

This page reports data for a single dbSNP Reference SNP variation (RefSNP or rs) from the new redesigned dbSNP build.
Top of the page reports a concise summary for the rs, with more specific details included in the corresponding tabs below.
All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Use the Genomic View to inspect the nucleotides flanking the variant, and its neighbors.
For more information see Help documentation.

rs2304297

Current Build 156

Released September 21, 2022

Organism: Homo sapiens
Position: chr8:42753056 (GRCh38.p14) Help
The anchor position for this RefSNP. Includes all nucleotides potentially affected by this change, thus it can differ from HGVS, which is right-shifted. See here for details.
Alleles: G>C
Variation Type: SNV Single Nucleotide Variation
Frequency: C=0.408459 (108115/264690, TOPMED)
C=0.394938 (55304/140032, GnomAD)
C=0.16579 (4685/28258, 14KJPN) (+ 19 more)
C=0.31892 (6400/20068, ALFA)
C=0.16772 (2811/16760, 8.3KJPN)
C=0.4318 (2765/6404, 1000G_30x)
C=0.4229 (2118/5008, 1000G)
C=0.2292 (1027/4480, Estonian)
C=0.2239 (863/3854, ALSPAC)
C=0.2338 (867/3708, TWINSUK)
C=0.1884 (552/2930, KOREAN)
C=0.4746 (897/1890, HapMap)
C=0.2069 (379/1832, Korea1K)
C=0.199 (199/998, GoNL)
C=0.232 (182/786, PRJEB37584)
C=0.235 (141/600, NorthernSweden)
C=0.105 (56/534, MGP)
G=0.341 (103/302, SGDP_PRJ)
C=0.394 (85/216, Qatari)
C=0.181 (39/216, Vietnamese)
C=0.33 (13/40, GENOME_DK)
G=0.45 (10/22, Siberian)

Clinical Significance: Not Reported in ClinVar
Gene : Consequence: CHRNA6 : 3 Prime UTR Variant
Publications: 23 citations
Genomic View: See rs on genome

ALFA Allele Frequency
The ALFA project provide aggregate allele frequency from dbGaP. More information is available on the project page including descriptions, data access, and terms of use.

Release Version: 20230706150541

Population	Group	Sample Size	Ref Allele	Alt Allele
Total	Global	20068	G=0.68108	C=0.31892
European	Sub	15436	G=0.76646	C=0.23354
African	Sub	2946	G=0.2325	C=0.7675
African Others	Sub	114	G=0.140	C=0.860
African American	Sub	2832	G=0.2362	C=0.7638
Asian	Sub	112	G=0.795	C=0.205
East Asian	Sub	86	G=0.80	C=0.20
Other Asian	Sub	26	G=0.77	C=0.23
Latin American 1	Sub	146	G=0.658	C=0.342
Latin American 2	Sub	610	G=0.733	C=0.267
South Asian	Sub	98	G=0.72	C=0.28
Other	Sub	720	G=0.624	C=0.376

Frequency tab displays a table of the reference and alternate allele frequencies reported by various studies and populations. Table lines, where Population="Global" refer to the entire study population, whereas lines, where Group="Sub", refer to a study-specific population subgroupings (i.e. AFR, CAU, etc.), if available. Frequency for the alternate allele (Alt Allele) is a ratio of samples observed-to-total, where the numerator (observed samples) is the number of chromosomes in the study with the minor allele present (found in "Sample size", where Group="Sub"), and the denominator (total samples) is the total number of all chromosomes in the study for the variant (found in "Sample size", where Group="Study-wide" and Population="Global").

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Study	Population	Group	Sample Size	Ref Allele	Alt Allele
TopMed	Global	Study-wide	264690	G=0.591541	C=0.408459
gnomAD - Genomes	Global	Study-wide	140032	G=0.605062	C=0.394938
gnomAD - Genomes	European	Sub	75880	G=0.77652	C=0.22348
gnomAD - Genomes	African	Sub	41932	G=0.23824	C=0.76176
gnomAD - Genomes	American	Sub	13620	G=0.70609	C=0.29391
gnomAD - Genomes	Ashkenazi Jewish	Sub	3322	G=0.7219	C=0.2781
gnomAD - Genomes	East Asian	Sub	3126	G=0.7780	C=0.2220
gnomAD - Genomes	Other	Sub	2152	G=0.6362	C=0.3638
14KJPN	JAPANESE	Study-wide	28258	G=0.83421	C=0.16579
Allele Frequency Aggregator	Total	Global	20068	G=0.68108	C=0.31892
Allele Frequency Aggregator	European	Sub	15436	G=0.76646	C=0.23354
Allele Frequency Aggregator	African	Sub	2946	G=0.2325	C=0.7675
Allele Frequency Aggregator	Other	Sub	720	G=0.624	C=0.376
Allele Frequency Aggregator	Latin American 2	Sub	610	G=0.733	C=0.267
Allele Frequency Aggregator	Latin American 1	Sub	146	G=0.658	C=0.342
Allele Frequency Aggregator	Asian	Sub	112	G=0.795	C=0.205
Allele Frequency Aggregator	South Asian	Sub	98	G=0.72	C=0.28
8.3KJPN	JAPANESE	Study-wide	16760	G=0.83228	C=0.16772
1000Genomes_30x	Global	Study-wide	6404	G=0.5682	C=0.4318
1000Genomes_30x	African	Sub	1786	G=0.1232	C=0.8768
1000Genomes_30x	Europe	Sub	1266	G=0.7670	C=0.2330
1000Genomes_30x	South Asian	Sub	1202	G=0.7105	C=0.2895
1000Genomes_30x	East Asian	Sub	1170	G=0.7692	C=0.2308
1000Genomes_30x	American	Sub	980	G=0.708	C=0.292
1000Genomes	Global	Study-wide	5008	G=0.5771	C=0.4229
1000Genomes	African	Sub	1322	G=0.1218	C=0.8782
1000Genomes	East Asian	Sub	1008	G=0.7669	C=0.2331
1000Genomes	Europe	Sub	1006	G=0.7714	C=0.2286
1000Genomes	South Asian	Sub	978	G=0.707	C=0.293
1000Genomes	American	Sub	694	G=0.705	C=0.295
Genetic variation in the Estonian population	Estonian	Study-wide	4480	G=0.7708	C=0.2292
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children	PARENT AND CHILD COHORT	Study-wide	3854	G=0.7761	C=0.2239
UK 10K study - Twins	TWIN COHORT	Study-wide	3708	G=0.7662	C=0.2338
KOREAN population from KRGDB	KOREAN	Study-wide	2930	G=0.8116	C=0.1884
HapMap	Global	Study-wide	1890	G=0.5254	C=0.4746
HapMap	American	Sub	768	G=0.686	C=0.314
HapMap	African	Sub	692	G=0.186	C=0.814
HapMap	Asian	Sub	254	G=0.803	C=0.197
HapMap	Europe	Sub	176	G=0.756	C=0.244
Korean Genome Project	KOREAN	Study-wide	1832	G=0.7931	C=0.2069
Genome of the Netherlands Release 5	Genome of the Netherlands	Study-wide	998	G=0.801	C=0.199
CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas	Global	Study-wide	786	G=0.768	C=0.232
CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas	CRM	Sub	786	G=0.768	C=0.232
Northern Sweden	ACPOP	Study-wide	600	G=0.765	C=0.235
Medical Genome Project healthy controls from Spanish population	Spanish controls	Study-wide	534	G=0.895	C=0.105
SGDP_PRJ	Global	Study-wide	302	G=0.341	C=0.659
Qatari	Global	Study-wide	216	G=0.606	C=0.394
A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database	Global	Study-wide	216	G=0.819	C=0.181
The Danish reference pan genome	Danish	Study-wide	40	G=0.68	C=0.33
Siberian	Global	Study-wide	22	G=0.45	C=0.55

Variant Details tab shows known variant placements on genomic sequences: chromosomes (NC_), RefSeqGene, pseudogenes or genomic regions (NG_), and in a separate table: on transcripts (NM_) and protein sequences (NP_). The corresponding transcript and protein locations are listed in adjacent lines, along with molecular consequences from Sequence Ontology. When no protein placement is available, only the transcript is listed. Column "Codon[Amino acid]" shows the actual base change in the format of "Reference > Alternate" allele, including the nucleotide codon change in transcripts, and the amino acid change in proteins, respectively, allowing for known ribosomal slippage sites. To view nucleotides adjacent to the variant use the Genomic View at the bottom of the page - zoom into the sequence until the nucleotides around the variant become visible.

Genomic Placements

Sequence name	Change
GRCh38.p14 chr 8	NC_000008.11:g.42753056G>C
GRCh37.p13 chr 8	NC_000008.10:g.42608199G>C

Gene: CHRNA6, cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 6 subunit (minus strand)

Molecule type	Change	Amino acid[Codon]	SO Term
CHRNA6 transcript variant 1	NM_004198.3:c.*123=	N/A	3 Prime UTR Variant
CHRNA6 transcript variant 2	NM_001199279.1:c.*123=	N/A	3 Prime UTR Variant
CHRNA6 transcript variant X1	XM_047422396.1:c.*123=	N/A	3 Prime UTR Variant

Clinical Significance tab shows a list of clinical significance entries from ClinVar associated with the variation, per allele. Click on the RCV accession (i.e. RCV000001615.2) or Allele ID (i.e. 12274) to access full ClinVar report.

Not Reported in ClinVar

Aliases tab displays HGVS names representing the variant placements and allele changes on genomic, transcript and protein sequences, per allele. HGVS name is an expression for reporting sequence accession and version, sequence type, position, and allele change. The column "Note" can have two values: "diff" means that there is a difference between the reference allele (variation interval) at the placement reported in HGVS name and the reference alleles reported in other HGVS names, and "rev" means that the sequence of this variation interval at the placement reported in HGVS name is in reverse orientation to the sequence(s) of this variation in other HGVS names not labeled as "rev".

Placement	G=	C
GRCh38.p14 chr 8	NC_000008.11:g.42753056=	NC_000008.11:g.42753056G>C
GRCh37.p13 chr 8	NC_000008.10:g.42608199=	NC_000008.10:g.42608199G>C
CHRNA6 transcript variant 1	NM_004198.3:c.*123=	NM_004198.3:c.*123C>G
CHRNA6 transcript variant 2	NM_001199279.1:c.*123=	NM_001199279.1:c.*123C>G
CHRNA6 transcript variant X1	XM_047422396.1:c.*123=	XM_047422396.1:c.*123C>G

Submissions tab displays variations originally submitted to dbSNP, now supporting this RefSNP cluster (rs). We display Submitter handle, Submission identifier, Date and Build number, when the submission appeared for the first time. Direct submissions to dbSNP have Submission ID in the form of an ss-prefixed number (ss#). Other supporting variations are listed in the table without ss#.

95 SubSNP, 22 Frequency submissions

No	Submitter	Submission ID	Date (Build)
1	YUSUKE	ss3251153	Sep 28, 2001 (100)
2	WI_SSAHASNP	ss11969812	Jul 11, 2003 (116)
3	WI_SSAHASNP	ss14325832	Dec 05, 2003 (119)
4	PERLEGEN	ss23481809	Sep 20, 2004 (123)
5	SI_EXO	ss52075603	Oct 15, 2006 (127)
6	ILLUMINA	ss65733728	Oct 15, 2006 (127)
7	AFFY	ss66454047	Nov 30, 2006 (127)
8	PERLEGEN	ss69047893	May 17, 2007 (127)
9	TAPPERS	ss69371815	May 17, 2007 (127)
10	AFFY	ss76246875	Dec 07, 2007 (129)
11	UUGC	ss76901684	Dec 07, 2007 (129)
12	KRIBB_YJKIM	ss81758553	Dec 15, 2007 (130)
13	BCMHGSC_JDW	ss93876518	Mar 25, 2008 (129)
14	SHGC	ss99307537	Feb 04, 2009 (130)
15	1000GENOMES	ss107989797	Jan 22, 2009 (130)
16	1000GENOMES	ss115334636	Jan 25, 2009 (130)
17	ENSEMBL	ss143421744	Dec 01, 2009 (131)
18	ILLUMINA	ss160534215	Dec 01, 2009 (131)
19	PERLEGEN	ss161151705	Dec 01, 2009 (131)
20	COMPLETE_GENOMICS	ss162360969	Jul 04, 2010 (132)
21	COMPLETE_GENOMICS	ss164533319	Jul 04, 2010 (132)
22	AFFY	ss172962535	Jul 04, 2010 (132)
23	BUSHMAN	ss199092258	Jul 04, 2010 (132)
24	BCM-HGSC-SUB	ss208678021	Jul 04, 2010 (132)
25	1000GENOMES	ss223674998	Jul 14, 2010 (132)
26	1000GENOMES	ss234416123	Jul 15, 2010 (132)
27	1000GENOMES	ss241276973	Jul 15, 2010 (132)
28	GMI	ss279786005	May 04, 2012 (137)
29	PJP	ss294264688	May 09, 2011 (134)
30	ILLUMINA	ss481351251	Sep 08, 2015 (146)
31	GSK-GENETICS	ss491277331	May 04, 2012 (137)
32	ILLUMINA	ss534249524	Sep 08, 2015 (146)
33	TISHKOFF	ss560711983	Apr 25, 2013 (138)
34	SSMP	ss655143806	Apr 25, 2013 (138)
35	EVA-GONL	ss985447466	Aug 21, 2014 (142)
36	JMKIDD_LAB	ss1075471477	Aug 21, 2014 (142)
37	1000GENOMES	ss1329585935	Aug 21, 2014 (142)
38	DDI	ss1431493797	Apr 01, 2015 (144)
39	EVA_GENOME_DK	ss1582661078	Apr 01, 2015 (144)
40	EVA_DECODE	ss1595045069	Apr 01, 2015 (144)
41	EVA_UK10K_ALSPAC	ss1620495127	Apr 01, 2015 (144)
42	EVA_UK10K_TWINSUK	ss1663489160	Apr 01, 2015 (144)
43	EVA_MGP	ss1711199979	Apr 01, 2015 (144)
44	EVA_SVP	ss1713033120	Apr 01, 2015 (144)
45	HAMMER_LAB	ss1805508727	Sep 08, 2015 (146)
46	WEILL_CORNELL_DGM	ss1928736809	Feb 12, 2016 (147)
47	GENOMED	ss1970968509	Jul 19, 2016 (147)
48	JJLAB	ss2025071341	Sep 14, 2016 (149)
49	USC_VALOUEV	ss2153293823	Dec 20, 2016 (150)
50	HUMAN_LONGEVITY	ss2302699010	Dec 20, 2016 (150)
51	SYSTEMSBIOZJU	ss2627017709	Nov 08, 2017 (151)
52	GRF	ss2709059834	Nov 08, 2017 (151)
53	GNOMAD	ss2865990605	Nov 08, 2017 (151)
54	AFFY	ss2986081568	Nov 08, 2017 (151)
55	SWEGEN	ss3003069067	Nov 08, 2017 (151)
56	BIOINF_KMB_FNS_UNIBA	ss3026325511	Nov 08, 2017 (151)
57	CSHL	ss3348155086	Nov 08, 2017 (151)
58	ILLUMINA	ss3630049892	Oct 12, 2018 (152)
59	ILLUMINA	ss3636907183	Oct 12, 2018 (152)
60	OMUKHERJEE_ADBS	ss3646374988	Oct 12, 2018 (152)
61	EGCUT_WGS	ss3670763470	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
62	EVA_DECODE	ss3721892042	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
63	ACPOP	ss3735611405	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
64	EVA	ss3767922903	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
65	PACBIO	ss3786130778	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
66	PACBIO	ss3791389893	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
67	PACBIO	ss3796271183	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
68	KHV_HUMAN_GENOMES	ss3811083501	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
69	EVA	ss3825740634	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
70	EVA	ss3831137828	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
71	SGDP_PRJ	ss3869788832	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
72	KRGDB	ss3917247080	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
73	KOGIC	ss3963731522	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
74	FSA-LAB	ss3984398589	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
75	FSA-LAB	ss3984398590	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
76	EVA	ss3984604752	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
77	EVA	ss3986422255	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
78	TOPMED	ss4783803395	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
79	TOMMO_GENOMICS	ss5188404692	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
80	1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE	ss5276913845	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
81	EVA	ss5380728135	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
82	HUGCELL_USP	ss5473512747	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
83	EVA	ss5509329601	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
84	1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE	ss5567136557	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
85	EVA	ss5624177648	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
86	SANFORD_IMAGENETICS	ss5645253566	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
87	TOMMO_GENOMICS	ss5730241795	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
88	EVA	ss5800146924	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
89	YY_MCH	ss5809653797	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
90	EVA	ss5830448245	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
91	EVA	ss5848706248	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
92	EVA	ss5856353435	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
93	EVA	ss5888702602	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
94	EVA	ss5974454402	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
95	EVA	ss5980502732	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
96	1000Genomes	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Oct 12, 2018 (152)
97	1000Genomes_30x	NC_000008.11 - 42753056	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
98	The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Oct 12, 2018 (152)
99	Genetic variation in the Estonian population	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Oct 12, 2018 (152)
100	The Danish reference pan genome	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
101	gnomAD - Genomes	NC_000008.11 - 42753056	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
102	Genome of the Netherlands Release 5	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
103	HapMap	NC_000008.11 - 42753056	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
104	KOREAN population from KRGDB	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
105	Korean Genome Project	NC_000008.11 - 42753056	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
106	Medical Genome Project healthy controls from Spanish population	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
107	Northern Sweden	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
108	CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
109	Qatari	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
110	SGDP_PRJ	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
111	Siberian	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2020 (154)
112	8.3KJPN	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
113	14KJPN	NC_000008.11 - 42753056	Oct 14, 2022 (156)
114	TopMed	NC_000008.11 - 42753056	Apr 26, 2021 (155)
115	UK 10K study - Twins	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Oct 12, 2018 (152)
116	A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database	NC_000008.10 - 42608199	Jul 13, 2019 (153)
117	ALFA	NC_000008.11 - 42753056	Apr 26, 2021 (155)

History tab displays RefSNPs (Associated ID) from previous builds (Build) that now support the current RefSNP, and the dates, when the history was updated for each Associated ID (History Updated).

Associated ID	History Updated (Build)
rs60563541	Feb 26, 2009 (130)
rs386443809	Aug 21, 2014 (142)

Added to this RefSNP Cluster:

Submission IDs	Observation SPDI	Canonical SPDI	Source RSIDs
ss66454047, ss76246875, ss93876518, ss107989797, ss115334636, ss162360969, ss164533319, ss172962535, ss199092258, ss208678021, ss279786005, ss294264688, ss491277331, ss1595045069, ss1713033120	NC_000008.9:42727355:G:C	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	(self)
41702918, 23192832, 16501718, 8826016, 10357274, 24424474, 315739, 8896270, 154190, 10778739, 21805812, 5810177, 46373999, 23192832, 5166187, ss223674998, ss234416123, ss241276973, ss481351251, ss534249524, ss560711983, ss655143806, ss985447466, ss1075471477, ss1329585935, ss1431493797, ss1582661078, ss1620495127, ss1663489160, ss1711199979, ss1805508727, ss1928736809, ss1970968509, ss2025071341, ss2153293823, ss2627017709, ss2709059834, ss2865990605, ss2986081568, ss3003069067, ss3348155086, ss3630049892, ss3636907183, ss3646374988, ss3670763470, ss3735611405, ss3767922903, ss3786130778, ss3791389893, ss3796271183, ss3825740634, ss3831137828, ss3869788832, ss3917247080, ss3984398589, ss3984398590, ss3984604752, ss3986422255, ss5188404692, ss5380728135, ss5509329601, ss5624177648, ss5645253566, ss5800146924, ss5830448245, ss5848706248, ss5974454402, ss5980502732	NC_000008.10:42608198:G:C	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	(self)
54662492, 294048796, 3613839, 20109523, 64078899, 621180955, 11399929024, ss2302699010, ss3026325511, ss3721892042, ss3811083501, ss3963731522, ss4783803395, ss5276913845, ss5473512747, ss5567136557, ss5730241795, ss5809653797, ss5856353435, ss5888702602	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	(self)
ss52075603	NT_007995.14:12928587:G:C	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	(self)
ss11969812	NT_008251.13:4655510:G:C	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	(self)
ss14325832	NT_008251.14:4670463:G:C	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	(self)
ss3251153, ss23481809, ss65733728, ss69047893, ss69371815, ss76901684, ss81758553, ss99307537, ss143421744, ss160534215, ss161151705	NT_167187.1:30466344:G:C	NC_000008.11:42753055:G:C	(self)

Publications tab displays PubMed articles citing the variation as a listing of PMID, Title, Author, Year, Journal, ordered by Year, descending.

23 citations for rs2304297

PMID	Title	Author	Year	Journal
16400611	Genomewide linkage scan of 409 European-ancestry and African American families with schizophrenia: suggestive evidence of linkage at 8p23.3-p21.2 and 11p13.1-q14.1 in the combined sample.	Suarez BK et al.	2006	American journal of human genetics
17135278	Cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes implicated in a nicotine dependence association study targeting 348 candidate genes with 3713 SNPs.	Saccone SF et al.	2007	Human molecular genetics
18165968	Identification of pharmacogenetic markers in smoking cessation therapy.	Heitjan DF et al.	2008	American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics
18571741	Genetic variability in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: converging evidence from human and animal research.	Portugal GS et al.	2008	Behavioural brain research
18704094	Genetic association of the CHRNA6 and CHRNB3 genes with tobacco dependence in a nationally representative sample.	Hoft NR et al.	2009	Neuropsychopharmacology
18783506	Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha 5 (CHRNA5) with smoking status and with 'pleasurable buzz' during early experimentation with smoking.	Sherva R et al.	2008	Addiction (Abingdon, England)
19029397	Nicotinic receptor gene variants influence susceptibility to heavy smoking.	Stevens VL et al.	2008	Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention
19492010	The genetic components of alcohol and nicotine co-addiction: from genes to behavior.	Schlaepfer IR et al.	2008	Current drug abuse reviews
19500157	SNPs in CHRNA6 and CHRNB3 are associated with alcohol consumption in a nationally representative sample.	Hoft NR et al.	2009	Genes, brain, and behavior
20736995	Resequencing of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes and association of common and rare variants with the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence.	Wessel J et al.	2010	Neuropsychopharmacology
20854418	CHRNB2 promoter region: association with subjective effects to nicotine and gene expression differences.	Hoft NR et al.	2011	Genes, brain, and behavior
21606948	Varenicline for smoking cessation: nausea severity and variation in nicotinic receptor genes.	Swan GE et al.	2012	The pharmacogenomics journal
21808284	Gender-stratified gene and gene-treatment interactions in smoking cessation.	Lee W et al.	2012	The pharmacogenomics journal
22290489	Pharmacogenetics of smoking cessation: role of nicotine target and metabolism genes.	Gold AB et al.	2012	Human genetics
23943838	Effect of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes (CHRN) on longitudinal cigarettes per day in adolescents and young adults.	Cannon DS et al.	2014	Nicotine & tobacco research
24119711	The association between CHRN genetic variants and dizziness at first inhalation of cigarette smoke.	Pedneault M et al.	2014	Addictive behaviors
24253422	Significant associations of CHRNA2 and CHRNA6 with nicotine dependence in European American and African American populations.	Wang S et al.	2014	Human genetics
25036316	Joint association of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor variants with abdominal obesity in American Indians: the Strong Heart Family Study.	Zhu Y et al.	2014	PloS one
25642160	Nicotinic receptor modulation to treat alcohol and drug dependence.	Rahman S et al.	2014	Frontiers in neuroscience
26044620	Gene network analysis shows immune-signaling and ERK1/2 as novel genetic markers for multiple addiction phenotypes: alcohol, smoking and opioid addiction.	Reyes-Gibby CC et al.	2015	BMC systems biology
27327258	Crucial roles of the CHRNB3-CHRNA6 gene cluster on chromosome 8 in nicotine dependence: update and subjects for future research.	Wen L et al.	2016	Translational psychiatry
29751336	The role of nicotinic receptor genes (CHRN) in the pathways of prenatal tobacco exposure on smoking behavior among young adult light smokers.	Selya AS et al.	2018	Addictive behaviors
35328565	Sex- and Genotype-Dependent Nicotine-Induced Behaviors in Adolescent Rats with a Human Polymorphism (rs2304297) in the 3'-UTR of the CHRNA6 Gene.	Cardenas A et al.	2022	International journal of molecular sciences

The Flanks tab provides retrieving flanking sequences of a SNP on all molecules that have placements.

Genome context:

Select flank length:

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
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NCBI Graphical Sequence Viewer display of the genomic region, transcripts and protein products for the reported RefSNP (rs).
Use the zoom option to view the nucleotides around the RefSNP and find other neighboring RefSNPs.
Visit Sequence Viewer for help with navigating inside the display and modifying the selection of displayed data tracks.

Choose placement

dbSNP Short Genetic Variations

Welcome to the Reference SNP (rs) Report

Reference SNP (rs) Report

rs2304297