Retinoic acid promotes expression of germline-specific genes in chicken blastoderm cells by stimulating Smad1/5 phosphorylation in a feeder-free culture system.
Tang X, Xu S, Zhang H, Chen Q, Li R, Wu W, Yu M, Liu H. BMC Biotechnol. 2017 Feb 20; 17(1):17. Epub 2017 Feb 20.