Evidence for the existence of a caprine gammaherpesvirus was obtained by analysis of peripheral blood leucocytes of goats with PCR assays that target the herpesvirus genes encoding the glycoprotein B (gB), the DNA polymerase (DPOL) and the terminase (TERM) with degenerate and deoxyinosine-substituted primers. A contiguous 3.6 kbp sequence extending from the gB to the DPOL gene was then determined with specific primers. All sequences (gB, DPOL and TERM) showed a close relationship with the corresponding genes of the Gammaherpesvirinae. Alignment of amino acid sequences revealed a particularly high percentage of identity with the ovine herpesvirus type 2 (>83%), followed by the alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (>76%) and the bovine lymphotropic herpesvirus (>61%). Phylogenetic analyses confirmed these relationships. The putative novel goat herpesvirus from which these sequences originate was tentatively designated caprine herpesvirus 2. This virus is the first gammaherpesvirus recognized in goats.