Abstract
The function of the clathrin coat in synaptic vesicle endocytosis is assisted by a variety of accessory factors, among which amphiphysin (amphiphysin 1 and 2) is one of the best characterized. A putative endocytic function of amphiphysin was supported by dominant-negative interference studies. We have now generated amphiphysin 1 knockout mice and found that lack of amphiphysin 1 causes a parallel dramatic reduction of amphiphysin 2 selectively in brain. Cell-free assembly of endocytic protein scaffolds is defective in mutant brain extracts. Knockout mice exhibit defects in synaptic vesicle recycling that are unmasked by stimulation and suggest impairments at multiple stages of the cycle. These defects correlate with increased mortality due to rare irreversible seizures and with major learning deficits, suggesting a critical role of amphiphysin for higher brain functions.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cerebral Cortex / cytology
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Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
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Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
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Clathrin / metabolism
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Conditioning, Classical
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Endocytosis / physiology*
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Fluorescent Dyes / metabolism
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GABA Antagonists / pharmacology
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Glutamic Acid / metabolism
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Humans
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Maze Learning
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Mice
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Mice, Knockout
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism*
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Neurons / cytology
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Neurons / metabolism*
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Pentylenetetrazole / pharmacology
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Protein Isoforms
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Pyridinium Compounds / metabolism
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Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / metabolism
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Survival Rate
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Synaptic Vesicles / metabolism*
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Synaptic Vesicles / ultrastructure
Substances
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Clathrin
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FM1 43
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FM2 10
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Fluorescent Dyes
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GABA Antagonists
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Nerve Tissue Proteins
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Protein Isoforms
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Pyridinium Compounds
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Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
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amphiphysin
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Glutamic Acid
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Pentylenetetrazole