Design, synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activity of benzimidazole-pentamidine hybrids

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Jun 1;18(11):3147-51. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.009. Epub 2008 May 4.

Abstract

A series of ten novel hybrids from benzimidazole and pentamidine were prepared using a short synthetic route. Each compound was tested in vitro against the protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Leishmania mexicana, and Plasmodium berghei, in comparison with pentamidine and metronidazole. Some analogues showed high bioactivity in the low micromolar range (IC(50)<1 microM) against the first four protozoa, which make them significantly more potent than either standard. 1,5-bis[4-(5-methoxy-1H-benzimidazole-2-yl)phenoxy]pentane (2) was 3- and 9-fold more potent againstG. lamblia than metronidazole and pentamidine, respectively. This compound was 23-, 108-, and 13-fold more active than pentamidine against T. vaginalis, E. histolytica and L. mexicana, respectively. Studying further structure-activity relationships through the use of bioisosteric substitution in these hybrids should provide new leads against protozoal diseases.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / chemistry
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Benzimidazoles / chemical synthesis*
  • Benzimidazoles / chemistry
  • Benzimidazoles / pharmacology*
  • Drug Design*
  • Entamoeba histolytica / drug effects
  • Giardia lamblia / drug effects
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Leishmania mexicana / drug effects
  • Metronidazole / pharmacology
  • Molecular Structure
  • Parasitic Sensitivity Tests
  • Pentamidine / chemical synthesis*
  • Pentamidine / chemistry
  • Pentamidine / pharmacology*
  • Plasmodium berghei / drug effects
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Trichomonas vaginalis / drug effects

Substances

  • 1,5-bis(4-(5-methoxy-1H-benzimidazole-2-yl)phenoxy)pentane
  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • Benzimidazoles
  • Metronidazole
  • Pentamidine