Discharge of inadequately treated sewage effluents into the environment in developing countries has increased over the years, leading to deterioration of water quality of major watersheds in developing nations and consequently an increased incidence of emerging pathogens such as Vibrio species, the prevalence of which has been generally underestimated in developing nations. This review underscores the need for a proactive approach to risk factors for emerging Vibrio infections, so as to establish adequate prevention measures.